| Abstract | 第1-5页 |
| 摘要 | 第5-8页 |
| Introduction | 第8-12页 |
| Chapter 1 An Overview of Pragmatic Failure | 第12-20页 |
| ·Definition of Pragmatic Failure | 第12-13页 |
| ·Classification of Pragmatic Failure | 第13-14页 |
| ·Existing Approaches to the Study of Pragmatic Failure | 第14-20页 |
| ·Studies from the Perspective of Cross-Cultural Communication | 第14-16页 |
| ·Studies from the Perspective of Foreign Language Teaching | 第16-17页 |
| ·Studies from the Perspective of Second Language Acquisition | 第17-19页 |
| ·Studies from the Perspective of Cognitive Linguistics | 第19-20页 |
| Chapter 2 An Overview of Adaptation Theory | 第20-28页 |
| ·A Brief Introduction to Adaptation Theory | 第20-24页 |
| ·A New Perspective on Linguistic Pragmatics | 第21页 |
| ·Key Notions of Adaptation Theory | 第21-24页 |
| ·Studies of Adaptation Theory and Its Application | 第24-26页 |
| ·The Value of Adaptation Approach in the Study of Pragmatic Failure | 第26-28页 |
| ·Problems with the Existing Approaches | 第26-27页 |
| ·Significance of Taking the Adaptation Approach | 第27-28页 |
| Chapter 3 Research Design and Data Analysis | 第28-30页 |
| ·Purpose of the Research | 第28页 |
| ·Subjects of the Research | 第28页 |
| ·Method of Data Collection and the Questionnaire | 第28-29页 |
| ·Procedure | 第29页 |
| ·Data Analysis | 第29-30页 |
| Chapter 4 An Analysis of Pragmatic Failure of Second Language Learners from the Perspective of Adaptation Theory | 第30-47页 |
| ·Failure to Make Adaptation to the Mental World | 第30-34页 |
| ·Failure to Make Adaptation to the Personality of Language Users | 第30-31页 |
| ·Failure to Make Adaptation to the Emotion of Language Users | 第31-32页 |
| ·Failure to Make Adaptation to the Value Systems | 第32-33页 |
| ·Failure to Make Adaptation to the Intention of Language Users | 第33-34页 |
| ·Failure to Make Adaptation to the Social World | 第34-40页 |
| ·Failure to Make Adaptation to Social Settings | 第35-39页 |
| ·Failure to Make Adaptation to Cultural Conventions | 第39-40页 |
| ·Failure to Make Adaptation to the Physical World | 第40-43页 |
| ·Failure to Make Adaptation to the Temporal Reference | 第40-42页 |
| ·Failure to Make Adaptation to the Spatial Reference | 第42-43页 |
| ·Failure to Make Adaptation to the Linguistic Reality | 第43-47页 |
| ·Failure to Make Adaptation at Word Level | 第43-45页 |
| ·Failure to Make Adaptation at Phrase and Sentence Level | 第45页 |
| ·Failure to Make Adaptation at Discourse Level | 第45-47页 |
| Chapter 5 Suggested Measures to Avoid Pragmatic Failure | 第47-57页 |
| ·Measures Taken by Second Language Learners | 第47-48页 |
| ·Measures Taken by Foreign Language Teachers | 第48-57页 |
| ·Developing Students’Pragmatic Competence | 第48-51页 |
| ·Improving the Testing Methods | 第51页 |
| ·Strengthening Students’Cultural Awareness through Cultural Teaching | 第51-57页 |
| Conclusion | 第57-59页 |
| Bibliography | 第59-62页 |
| Appendix Ⅰ | 第62-68页 |
| Appendix Ⅱ | 第68-69页 |
| Acknowledgements | 第69页 |
