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耻垢分枝杆菌中KdpD/KdpE双组份系统调控钾离子泵KdpFABC的研究

ABSTRACT第10页
摘要第11-12页
LIST OF ABBREVATIONS第12-15页
1 BACKGROUND第15-16页
2 INTRODUCTION第16-37页
    2.1 Role of K~+ in bacterial survival第16页
    2.2 K~+ uptake systems in bacteria第16-18页
        2.2.1 Constitutively expressed K~+ uptake system第16-17页
        2.2.2 Inducible K~+ uptake system第17-18页
    2.3 Distribution of Kdp-ATPase system in bacteria第18页
    2.4 Organization of kdpFABC and kdpDE operons第18-19页
    2.5 KdpD/KdpE as two-component system第19-20页
    2.6 Kdp-ATPase expression control by Kdp D/KdpE TCS第20页
    2.7 Structure and function of KdpD第20-21页
    2.8 Structure and function of KdpE第21-22页
    2.9 Proposed Stimuli for KdpD activation第22页
    2.10 Turgor pressure not induced kdp expression第22-24页
    2.11 Signaling model of KdpD/KdpE TCS第24-25页
    2.12 Role of KdpD/KdpE TCS in bacterial virulence第25-28页
    2.13 KdpD/KdpE TCS in different bacterial species第28-34页
        2.13.1 Escherichia coli第28-30页
        2.13.2 Staphylococcus aureus第30-32页
        2.13.3 Mycobacterium tuberculosis第32页
        2.13.4 Clostridium acetobutylicum第32-34页
        2.13.5 Salmonella typhimurium第34页
        2.13.6 Acinetobacter baumannii第34页
    2.14 Genus Mycobacterium第34-35页
    2.15 Mycobacterium smegmatis第35-36页
    RESEARCH OBJECTIVES AND SIGNIFICANCE第36-37页
3 MATERIALS AND METHODS第37-54页
    3.1 Bacterial strains and growth conditions第37-40页
        3.1.1 M. smegmatis第37页
        3.1.2 E.coli第37-40页
    3.2 Molecular biology techniques第40-45页
        3.2.1 Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)第40-41页
        3.2.2 Agarose gel electrophoresis第41页
        3.2.3 Purification of DNA第41页
        3.2.4 Plasmid extraction第41页
        3.2.5 DNA digestion with restriction endonucleases第41-42页
        3.2.6 DNA ligation第42页
        3.2.7 Preparation of chemically competent cells of E. coli第42页
        3.2.8 Plasmid DNA transformation in E. coli competent cells第42-43页
        3.2.9 Sequencing of DNA fragments第43页
        3.2.10 Expression, identification and purification of KdpE protein第43-44页
        3.2.11 Electro-mobility shift assay (EMSA)第44页
        3.2.12 DNase-I foot printing第44-45页
    3.3 Mycobacterial Special Techniques第45-54页
        3.3.1 M. smegmatis genomic DNA isolation第45页
        3.3.2 M. smegmatis competent cells第45页
        3.3.3 Electroporation of plasmid DNA第45-46页
        3.3.4 Construction of mutants第46页
        3.3.5 Complementation of ?kdpE第46页
        3.3.6 RNA extraction from M. smegmatis第46-47页
        3.3.7 cDNA synthesis第47页
        3.3.8 Reverse transcriptase (RT-PCR) and real time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR)第47-48页
        3.3.9 5′-Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends (5′-RACE)第48-49页
        3.3.10 Promoter functionality β-galactosidase assay第49页
        3.3.11 β-galactosidase assay for kdpF confirmation and functionality of kdpFABC operonunder different conditions第49-50页
        3.3.12 Stress conditions第50-54页
4 RESULTS第54-84页
    4.1 kdpD gene deletion第54-56页
    4.2 kdpE gene deletion第56-58页
    4.3 △kdpE complementary strain第58-59页
    4.4 Expression of kdpFABC operon under K~+ limiting condition and its regulation by theKdpD/KdpE TCS第59-60页
    4.5 Co-transcription of kdpFABC and kdpDE operons under low K~+ condition第60-61页
    4.6 Heterologous expression of KdpE第61页
    4.7 Binding of KdpE protein to PkdpF第61-62页
    4.8 No binding of KdpE to PkdpD第62页
    4.9 Promoter functionality β-galactosidase assay for P5391 and PkdpD第62-63页
    4.10 KdpE foot print in the PkdpF第63-64页
    4.11 Minimum KdpE binding motif in the PkdpF第64-66页
    4.12 KdpE binding motif in different bacterial species第66页
    4.13 KdpE binding motif in genus Mycobacterium第66-67页
    4.14 TSS of the kdp FABC operon第67-70页
    4.15 Effects of the salts on the expression of kdpFABC第70-75页
        4.15.1 Effects of low K~+ on kdpFABC expression第71-73页
        4.15.2 Effects of osmotic upshift on kdpFABC expression第73页
        4.15.3 Effects of medium pH on kdpFABC expression第73-75页
    4.16 kdp genes expression under osmotic upshift第75页
    4.17 Requirement of Kdp E for the normal growth of M. smegmatis第75-78页
    4.18 Trk system and other K~+ channels genes expression under K~+ limiting condition第78-79页
    4.19 Proposed model of KdpFABC transcriptional regulation by KdpD/KdpE TCS第79-80页
    4.20 Organization of kdpFABC and kdpDE operons in mycobacterial species第80-84页
5 DISCUSSION第84-89页
6 CONCLUSION, NOVELITY AND FUTURE PROSPECTIVES第89-90页
REFERENCES第90-102页
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS第102-103页
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT第103-105页

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