| Acknowledgements | 第1-4页 |
| 摘要 | 第4-5页 |
| Abstract | 第5-9页 |
| Chapter 1 Introduction to the Study | 第9-11页 |
| ·Research Purpose | 第9页 |
| ·Research Necessities | 第9-10页 |
| ·Demonstratives to Be Studied | 第10-11页 |
| Chapter 2 Reference and Demonstratives | 第11-22页 |
| ·Reference as Cohesive Ties | 第11-12页 |
| ·Coherence and Cohesion | 第11页 |
| ·The Definition of Reference | 第11-12页 |
| ·The Categories of Reference | 第12页 |
| ·Demonstratives as Means of Reference for Cohesion | 第12-19页 |
| ·Grammatical Properties of Demonstratives | 第13-14页 |
| ·Two dimensions of Demonstratives:Number and Proximity | 第14-15页 |
| ·Given-New Meanings in Demonstratives | 第15-17页 |
| ·Demonstratives in Endophora and Exophora | 第17-18页 |
| ·Demonstratives in Extended Reference | 第18-19页 |
| ·Frequencies of Demonstratives in Different Genres | 第19-22页 |
| ·Frequencies of Specific Demonstrative Features | 第19-21页 |
| ·ESL Students' General Frequencies of Demonstratives | 第21-22页 |
| Chapter 3 Research Methodology and Procedures | 第22-25页 |
| ·Research Methodology and Hypothesis | 第22页 |
| ·Subjects | 第22-24页 |
| ·Research Materials | 第24-25页 |
| Chapter 4 Research Results and Analysis | 第25-40页 |
| ·Research Results | 第25-33页 |
| ·This/That Vs These/Those | 第27-29页 |
| ·This vs That | 第29-32页 |
| ·These Vs.Those | 第32-33页 |
| ·Analysis of Chinese Students' Problems in Demonstratives | 第33-40页 |
| ·Language Transfer | 第33-34页 |
| ·Chinese Demonstrative System and Chinese Students' Higher Ratio of English Demonstratives | 第34-35页 |
| ·Distinctions between Zhe and Na and Chinese Students' High Ratio of That in ESL writing | 第35-37页 |
| ·Characteristics of Chinese Sentences and Chinese Students' Ambiguities in English Demonstratives | 第37-40页 |
| Chapter 5 Conclusions and Implications for Teaching | 第40-44页 |
| ·Major Findings | 第40页 |
| ·Reflections on Practical Teaching | 第40-42页 |
| ·Limitations and Constraints of the Research | 第42页 |
| ·Directions for Further Study | 第42-44页 |
| Bibliography | 第44-47页 |
| Appendix—Writing Samples | 第47-100页 |
