| ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 第12-25页 |
| 概要 | 第25-42页 |
| ABSTRACT | 第42-43页 |
| 摘要 | 第44-46页 |
| CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION | 第46-50页 |
| 1.1 ISSUES, REASONS AND CHALLENGES | 第46-47页 |
| 1.2 RESEARCH BACKGROUND | 第47-48页 |
| 1.2.1 Membrane distillation (MD) technology | 第47-48页 |
| 1.3 OBJECTIVES | 第48-50页 |
| 1.3.1 Membrane distillation (MD) technology | 第48-50页 |
| CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW | 第50-77页 |
| 2.1 GLOBAL WATER SITUATION | 第50-51页 |
| 2.2 MEMBRANE DISTILLATION (MD) TECHNOLOGY | 第51页 |
| 2.3 THE PRINCIPLE OF MD TECHNOLOGY | 第51-52页 |
| 2.4 DIFFERENT KINDS OF THE MD TECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATIONS | 第52-55页 |
| 2.5 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF DIFFERENT MD CONFIGURATIONS | 第55页 |
| 2.6 MEMBRANE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MD TECHNIQUE | 第55-59页 |
| 2.6.1 Liquid entry pressure (LEP) | 第56-57页 |
| 2.6.2 Membrane thickness | 第57页 |
| 2.6.3 Thermal conductivity | 第57-58页 |
| 2.6.4 Membrane pore size and pore size distribution | 第58页 |
| 2.6.5 Membrane porosity and tortuosity | 第58-59页 |
| 2.7 DIFFERENT FACTORS AFFECTING MD PROCESS PERFORMANCE | 第59-63页 |
| 2.7.1 Effect of feed inlet temperature | 第59-60页 |
| 2.7.2 Effect of feed flow rate | 第60页 |
| 2.7.3 Effect of feed salt concentration | 第60-61页 |
| 2.7.4 Effect of coolant (condensing) temperature | 第61页 |
| 2.7.5 Effect of vacuum(downstream)pressure | 第61-62页 |
| 2.7.6 Effect of air gap thickness | 第62页 |
| 2.7.7 Effect of operation time | 第62-63页 |
| 2.8 AGMD MECHANISM MODEL | 第63-66页 |
| 2.8.1 Heat transfer | 第63-65页 |
| 2.8.2 Mass transfer | 第65-66页 |
| 2.9 VMD MECHANISM MODEL | 第66-77页 |
| 2.9.1 Heat transfer | 第68-72页 |
| 2.9.2 Mass transfer | 第72-77页 |
| CHAPTER 3 EFFECT OF DIFFERENT OPERATION CONDITIONS ONAGMD PROCESS PERFORMANCE | 第77-100页 |
| 3.1 INTRODUCTION | 第77-79页 |
| 3.2 EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT AND PROCEDURES | 第79-86页 |
| 3.2.1 AGMD set-up and materials | 第79-81页 |
| 3.2.2 AGMD experiments | 第81-82页 |
| 3.2.3 Measurements and calculations of various heat energy fluxes during AGMD process | 第82-86页 |
| 3.3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION | 第86-100页 |
| 3.3.1 Effect of feed inlet temperature and feed flow rate | 第86-91页 |
| 3.3.2 Effect of feed flow rate and cooling water temperature | 第91-96页 |
| 3.3.3 Effect of feed flow rate and feed salt concentration | 第96-100页 |
| CHAPTER 4 EFFECT OF DIFFERENT OPERATION CONOITIONS ON V-AGMD PERFORMANCE PROCESS | 第100-112页 |
| 4.1 INTRODUCTION | 第100-102页 |
| 4.2 EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT AND PROCEDURES | 第102-103页 |
| 4.2.1 V-AGMD set-up and materials | 第102-103页 |
| 4.3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION | 第103-112页 |
| 4.3.1 Effect of feed inlet temperature and feed flow rate | 第103-108页 |
| 4.3.2 Effect of feed flow rate and feed salt concentration | 第108-112页 |
| CHAPTER 5 COMPARISON BETWEEN AGMD AND V-AGMD PROCESSES | 第112-120页 |
| 5.1 INTRODUCTION | 第112页 |
| 5.2 EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT AND PROCEDURES | 第112页 |
| 5.3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION | 第112-118页 |
| 5.3.1 The performance of the V-AGMD process at different feed temperatures (T_F) | 第112-114页 |
| 5.3.2 The performance of the V-AGMD process at different feed flow rates(M_F) | 第114-115页 |
| 5.3.3 The performance of the V-AGMD process at different feed salt concentrations (C_F) | 第115-118页 |
| 5.4 ORTHOGONAL EXPERIMENT | 第118-120页 |
| CHAPTER 6 EFFECT OF DIFFERENT OPERATION CONDITIONS ONTHREE-STAGE VACUUM MULTI-EFFECT MEMBRANE DISTILLATION(THREE-STAGE V-MEMD)SYSTEM | 第120-145页 |
| 6.1 INTRODUCTION | 第120-122页 |
| 6.2 EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT AND PROCEDURES | 第122-129页 |
| 6.2.1 Three-stage V-MEMD set-up and materials | 第122-127页 |
| 6.2.2 Three-stage V-MEMD experiments | 第127-129页 |
| 6.3 MEASUREMENTS AND CALCULATIONS OF VARIOUS ENERGY FLUXES DURING THREE-STAGE V-MEMD SYSTEM | 第129-132页 |
| 6.4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION | 第132-145页 |
| 6.4.1 Effect of feed inlet temperature and feed flow rate | 第132-136页 |
| 6.4.2 Effect of feed flow rate and feed salt concentration | 第136-140页 |
| 6.4.3 Effect of feed inlet temperature and vacuum pressure | 第140-145页 |
| CHAPTER 7 EFFECT OF DIFFERENT OPERATION CONDITIONS ONONE-STAGE VACUUM MULTI-EFFECT MEMBRANE DISTILLATION(ONE-STAGE V-MEMD)SYSTEM | 第145-162页 |
| 7.1 INTRODUCTION | 第145-146页 |
| 7.2 EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT AND PROCEDURES | 第146-148页 |
| 7.2.1 One-stage V-MEMD set-up and materials | 第146-147页 |
| 7.2.2 One-stage V-MEMD experiments | 第147-148页 |
| 7.3 MEASUREMENTS AND CALCULATIONS OF VARIOUS ENERGY FLUXES DURING ONE-STAGE V-MEMD SYSTEM | 第148-149页 |
| 7.4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION | 第149-162页 |
| 7.4.1 Effect of feed inlet temperature and feed flow rate | 第149-153页 |
| 7.4.2 Effect of feed flow rate and feed salt concentration | 第153-157页 |
| 7.4.3 Effect of feed inlet temperature and vacuum pressure | 第157-162页 |
| CHAPTER 8 COMPARISON BETWEEN THREE-STAGE AND ONE-STAGEV-MEMD SYSTEMS | 第162-174页 |
| 8.1 INTRODUCTION | 第162页 |
| 8.2 EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT AND PROCEDURES | 第162页 |
| 8.3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION | 第162-174页 |
| 8.3.1 The performance of three-stage V-MEMD system at different feed inlet temperatures (T_F) | 第162-165页 |
| 8.3.2 The performance of three-stage V-MEMD process at different feed flow rates(M_F) | 第165-168页 |
| 8.3.3 The performance of three-stage V-MEMD process at different feed salt concentrations(C_F) | 第168-170页 |
| 8.3.4 The performance of three-stage V-MEMD process at different vacuum pressure(P_V) | 第170-174页 |
| CHAPTER 9 CONCLUSIONS,INNOVATIONS AND FUTURE WORKS NEEDTO BE DONE | 第174-177页 |
| 9.1 CONCLUSIONS | 第174-175页 |
| 9.2 INNOVATIONS | 第175-176页 |
| 9.3 FUTURE WORKS NEED TO BE DONE | 第176-177页 |
| REFERENCES | 第177-191页 |
| LIST OF PUBLICATIONS | 第191页 |
