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An HLM Analysis of Students Mathematics Achievement in the Selected Asia Countries and Area Based on PISA 2012 Dataset

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT第7-9页
Acronyms第9-11页
摘要第11-13页
Abstract第13-15页
Chapter One INTRODUCTION第21-29页
    1.1 Introduction to the Study第21-25页
        1.1.1 Globalization and Education in Asia第24-25页
    1.2 Justification for Choosing PISA 2012 Database第25-26页
    1.3 Statement of the Problem第26页
    1.4 Purpose of the Study第26-27页
    1.5 Research Questions第27页
    1.6 Significance of the Study第27页
    1.7 Rationale for Choosing the Selected Asia Countries and Area第27-29页
CHAPTER TWO International Assessment Studies第29-42页
    2.1 Background to the International Assessment Studies第29-31页
        2.1.1 Key Features of PISA 2012第31页
    2.2 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA)第31-32页
    2.3 Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS)第32-34页
    2.4 Southern and Eastern Africa Consortium for Monitoring Educational Quality (SACMEQ)第34-35页
    2.5 Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS)第35-37页
    2.6 Importance of International Mathematics Achievement Assessments第37-38页
    2.7 Comparative Studies in Mathematics Education by International Organizations第38-42页
        2.7.1 Comparative Studies in Mathematics Education by Academics第38-42页
Chapter Three Review of Related Literature第42-56页
    3.1 Introduction第42页
    3.2 The Education Production Function第42-46页
        3.2.1 International Evidence on Education Production Functions第43-44页
        3.2.2 The Treatment of Endogenous and Exogenous Variables第44-46页
    3.3 Empirical Study on Student Academic Achievement第46-54页
    3.4 Conclusion第54-56页
Chapter Four Research Methodology第56-72页
    4.1 Introduction第56页
    4.2 Purpose of the Study第56页
    4.3 Data Source第56-57页
    4.4 Study Population and Sample第57-58页
    4.5 Variables for the Study第58-65页
        4.5.1 Students' Gender gap第58-59页
        4.5.2 Preschool Education Attendance第59-61页
        4.5.3 Students'Family Socioeconomic Status (SES)第61-63页
        4.5.4 Math Teacher-Student Ratio第63-64页
        4.5.5 Quality of School Educational Resources第64-65页
    4.6 Statistical Models and Analysis第65-66页
    4.7 Multilevel Analysis Procedure第66-67页
    4.8 Models for the Study第67-68页
        4.8.1 The Level-1 Model第68页
        4.8.2 The Level-2 Model第68页
    4.9 Steps to be taken to Analyze the Data using HLM第68-70页
    4.10 Secondary Data Analysis第70-72页
        4.10.1 Advantages第70-71页
        4.10.2 Disadvantages第71-72页
Chapter Five Empirical Results第72-89页
    5.1 Introduction第72页
    5.2 Results of Indonesia第72-76页
        5.2.1 Descriptive Statistics第72-73页
        5.2.2 Unconditional Model第73页
        5.2.3 Conditional Model第73-75页
        5.2.4 The Final Model第75-76页
    5.3 Results of Malaysia第76-80页
        5.3.1 Descriptive Statistics第76-77页
        5.3.2 Unconditional Model第77页
        5.3.3 Conditional Model第77-79页
        5.3.4 The Final Model第79-80页
    5.4 Results for Shanghai第80-84页
        5.4.1 Descriptive Statistics第80页
        5.4.2 Unconditional Model第80-81页
        5.4.3 Conditional Model第81-83页
        5.4.4 The Final Model第83-84页
    5.5 Results of Singapore第84-89页
        5.5.1 Descriptive Statistics第84页
        5.5.2 Unconditional Model第84-85页
        5.5.3 Conditional Model第85-87页
        5.5.4 The Final Model第87-88页
        5.5.5 Conclusion第88-89页
Chapter Six Discussion第89-97页
    6.1 Review of Method第89页
    6.2 Results第89-93页
        6.2.1 Unconditional Model第89-90页
        6.2.2 Student Background Model第90-91页
        6.2.3 School Background Model第91页
        6.2.4 Mathematics Achievement: Country-Specific Empirical Findings第91-92页
        6.2.5 Trends/Findings in the Selected Countries and Area第92-93页
    6.3 Limitations第93页
    6.4 Trustworthiness, Reliability and Validity第93页
    6.5 Implications第93-94页
    6.6 Future Research第94页
    6.7 Recommendations第94-97页
References第97-113页
About the Author第113-114页
Appendices第114-133页
    Appendices'A第114-119页
    Appendices B第119-124页
    Appendices C第124-129页
    Appendices D第129-133页

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