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Quorum Sensing Involvement in T4Bacteriophage Infection

摘要第6-10页
ABSTRACT第10-13页
LIST OF FIGURES第19-21页
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS第21-24页
CHAPTER No: 1 INTRODUCTION第24-51页
    1.1 QUORUM SENSING第24-26页
        1.1.1 Quorum Sensing in Bacteria第24-25页
        1.1.2 Quorum Sensing in Plant第25页
        1.1.3 Quorum Sensing in Parasite第25-26页
    1.2 DIFFERENT QUORUM SIGNALS SYSTEMS IN BACTERIA第26-34页
        1.2.1 Mechanisms of Quorum Sensing第27-28页
        1.2.2 Quo rum-Sensing Signals第28页
        1.2.3 Autoinducer-1 or AI-1第28-29页
        1.2.4 Autoinducer-2 or AI-2第29-31页
        1.2.5 Autoinducer-3 or AI-3第31-32页
        1.2.6 Autoinducing Peptides第32-34页
    1.3 ESCHERICHIA COLI AND T4 BACTERIOPHAGE IN NATURAL ENVIRONMENT第34-38页
        1.3.1 Escherichia coli in Natural Environment第34页
        1.3.2 Escherichia coli in Soil Environment第34-35页
        1.3.3 Escherichia coli in Tropical Fresh Water Environment第35-36页
        1.3.4 T4 Bacteriophage in Natural Environment第36-37页
        1.3.5 Interaction between Phage and Hosts in their Physical Environment第37-38页
    1.4 ESCHERICHIA COLI AS A MODEL ORGANISM第38-44页
        1.4.1 Life cycle of Escherichia coli第39-40页
        1.4.2 Escherichia coli Transmission第40页
        1.4.3 Escherichia coli Genera History第40页
        1.4.4 Escherichia coli Phenotypic Diversity第40-41页
        1.4.5 Escherichia coli Strains第41-42页
        1.4.6 DNA Sequence of Escherichia coli第42页
        1.4.7 Escherichia coli Proteins第42页
        1.4.8 Escherichia coli as a Model Organism第42页
        1.4.9 Nonpathogenic Escherichia coli Advantages第42-43页
        1.4.10 Role of Escherichia coli in Research Field第43-44页
    1.5 T4 BACTERIOPHAGE AS A MODEL ORGANISM第44-49页
        1.5.1 Infection and Life cycle of T4 Bacteriophage第45-46页
        1.5.2 T4 Bacte riophage Unique Feature第46页
        1.5.3 Bacteriophage Classification第46-47页
        1.5.4 Lysis from within"and "Lysis from without第47页
        1.5.5 T4 Bacteriophage as Model System第47-48页
        1.5.6 T4 Bacteriophage Therapy第48页
        1.5.7 T4 Bacteriophage Lysins as Antimicrobials第48-49页
        1.5.8 T4 Bacteriophage Display第49页
        1.5.9 Function of T4 Bacteriophage in Vaccines第49页
        1.5.10 T4 Bacteriophage for Detection of Pathogens第49页
    1.6 GOAL OF OUR STUDY第49-51页
CHAPTER No: 2 THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT pfu, TEMPERATURE AND pH ON T4 BACTERIOPHAGE INFECTION ACTIVITY AND PRODUCTION第51-59页
    2.1 MATERIALS AND METHODS第51-53页
        2.1.1 Bacteria and Bacteriophage第51-52页
        2.1.2 Culture Media第52页
        2.1.3 Semi Solid Media第52页
        2.1.4 Plaque Count Assay第52页
        2.1.5 Plating of T4 Bacteriiophage第52页
        2.1.6 Dilution of T4 Bacteriophage Stock第52-53页
        2.1.7 Media pH第53页
        2.1.8 Sterilization of Instruments and Media第53页
        2.1.9 Statistical Analysis第53页
    2.2 RESULT第53-57页
        2.2.1 Effect of Different pfu of T4 Bacteriophage on its host interaction第53-54页
        2.2.2 Effect of Temperature on T4 Bacteriophage and its host interaction第54-56页
        2.2.3 Effect of pH on T4 Bacteriophage and its host interaction第56-57页
    2.3 DISCUSSION第57-59页
CHAPTER No: 3 VARIOUS CULTURE MEDIA EFFECT ON T4 BACTERIOPHAGE INFECTION ACTIVITY AND PRODUCTION第59-64页
    3.1 MATERIALS AND METHODS第60-62页
        3.1.1 Bacteria and Bacteriophage第60页
        3.1.2 Culture Media第60-61页
            3.1.2.1 Luria-Bertani Media第60页
            3.1.2.2 Luria-Bertani pulse 0.0% Glucose Media第60页
            3.1.2.3 Minimal Media第60页
            3.1.2.4 Nutrient Media第60-61页
        3.1.3 Semi Solid Media第61页
        3.1.4 Plaque Count Assay第61页
        3.1.5 Plating of T4 Bacteriophage第61页
        3.1.6 Sterilization of Instruments and Media第61页
        3.1.7 Statistical Analysis第61-62页
    3.2 RESULT第62-63页
    3.3 DISCUSSION第63-64页
CHAPTER No:4 EFFECT OF DIFFERENT PHASE ESCHERICHIA COLI ON T4 BACTERIOPHAGE INFECTION ACTIVITY AND PRODUCTION第64-69页
    4.1 MATERIALS AND METHODS第65-67页
        4.1.1 Bacteria and Bacteriophage第65页
        4.1.2 Culture Media第65页
        4.1.3 Semi Solid Media第65-66页
        4.1.4 Plaque Count Assay第66页
        4.1.5 Plating of T4 Bacte riophage第66页
        4.1.6 Sterilization of Instruments and Media第66页
        4.1.7 Statistical Analysis第66-67页
    4.2 RESULT第67-68页
    4.3 DISCUSSION第68-69页
CHAPTER No:5 LYSIS INHIBITION EFFECT T4 BACTERIOPHAGE PLAQUE BURST SIZE第69-75页
    5.1 MATERIALS AND METHODS第70-71页
        5.1.1 Bacteria and Bacteriophage第70页
        5.1.2 Culture Media第70页
        5.1.3 Semi Solid Media第70页
        5.1.4 Plaque Count Assay第70-71页
        5.1.5 Plating of T4 Bacte riophage第71页
        5.1.6 Sterilization of Instruments and Media第71页
    5.2 RESULT第71-74页
    5.3 DISCUSSION第74-75页
CHAPTER No:6 QUORUM SENSING MOLECULES ACYL-HOMOSERINE LACTONES AND INDOLE EFFECT ON T4 BACTERIOPHAGE INFECTION AND PRODUCTION第75-85页
    6.1 MATERIALS AND METHODS第77-80页
        6.1.1 Bacteria and Bacteriophage第77页
        6.1.2 Luria-Bertani Media第77页
        6.1.3 Semi Solid Media第77页
        6.1.4 Chemicals第77-78页
        6.1.5 Plaque Count Assay第78-79页
        6.1.6 Plating of T4 Bacteriophage第79页
        6.1.7 Plaque Size Determination第79页
        6.1.8 Sterilization of Instrument and Media第79页
        6.1.9 Statistical Analysis第79-80页
    6.2 RESULT第80-83页
        6.2.1 Quorum Sensing Molecule AHL Effect on T4 Bacteriophage Infection and Production第80-81页
        6.2.2 Quorum Sensing Molecule Indole Effect on T4 Bacteriophage Infection and Production第81-82页
        6.2.3 The AHL and Indole Effect on Diluted T4 Bacteriophage Production and Lysis Activity第82-83页
        6.2.4 Quorum Sensing Molecules AHL and Indole Effect on the Plaque size of T4 bacteriophage第83页
    6.3 DISCUSSION第83-85页
CHAPTER No:7 SEPERATION AND PURIFICATION OF TWO NEW QUORUM SENSING MOLECULES W1 AND W2第85-97页
    7.1 MATERIALS AND METHODS第85-91页
        7.1.1 Bacteria and Bacteriophage第85页
        7.1.2 Minimal Media第85-86页
        7.1.3 Semi Solid Media第86页
        7.1.4 Plaque Count Assay第86页
        7.1.5 Plating of T4 Bacteriophage第86页
        7.1.6 0.1M Tris-Base Buffer第86页
        7.1.7 0.1M Hcl Buffer第86页
        7.1.8 0.05M Tris-Hcl Buffer(100ml)第86-87页
        7.1.9 0.05M Tris-Hcl with 2M Nacl Buffer(100ml)第87页
        7.1.10 20% Ethanol/Alcohol第87页
        7.1.11 Acetonitrile第87页
        7.1.12 Cutt-off membrane(MWCO 9 and 5 KDa)第87页
        7.1.13 HiPrep QFF Column and its Preparation第87-88页
        7.1.14 Dialysis Tube第88-89页
        7.1.15 Zorbax semi-preparative C18(9.4×250 mm)column第89页
        7.1.16 Sterilization of Instruments and Media第89页
        7.1.17 Protocol for Purification of W1 and W2 Quorum Sensing Molecules第89页
        7.1.18 Spot Test第89-90页
        7.1.19 Dialysis Process第90页
        7.1.20 Ion-Exchange Chromatography第90-91页
        7.1.21 High-Performance Liquid Chromatography(HPLC)第91页
    7.2 RESULT第91-95页
        7.2.1 Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography(FPLC)第91-92页
        7.2.2 High-Performance Liquid Chromatography(HPLC)第92页
        7.2.3 Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry(TOF MS)第92-94页
        7.2.4 Quorum Sensing Molecules W1 and W2 Effect on T4 Bacteriophage Infection and Production第94-95页
        7.2.5 To check the effect of Different condition on W1 and W2 Quorum Sensing Molecules Efficiency第95页
    7.3 DISCUSSION第95-97页
CHAPTER No:8 SUMMERY AND OUTLOOK第97-102页
REFERENCES第102-116页
PAPERS DETAILS第116-118页
ANNEXURE-1 INSTRUMENTS第118-120页
ANNEXURE-2 COLUMNS AND DIALYSIS TUBLE/BAG第120-127页
ANNEXURE-3 FPLC AND HPLC PROCEDURE第127-132页
ANNEXURE-4 STERILIZATION OF INSTRUMENTS第132-134页
ANNEXURE-5 RECIPES OF MEDIA第134-103页
REFERENCES第103-140页

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