| Acknowledgements | 第4-5页 |
| Abstract | 第5-7页 |
| 中文摘要 | 第8-14页 |
| List of Abbreviations | 第14-15页 |
| Chapter One Introduction | 第15-20页 |
| 1.1 Background of the study | 第15-16页 |
| 1.2 Need for the study | 第16-17页 |
| 1.3 Significance of the study | 第17-18页 |
| 1.4 Overall structure of the thesis | 第18-20页 |
| Chapter Two Literature Review | 第20-30页 |
| 2.1 Key terms and basic concepts | 第20-23页 |
| 2.1.1 Definition of Stance | 第20页 |
| 2.1.2 Biber's Classification of Stance makers | 第20-21页 |
| 2.1.3 Studies of Stance under other labels | 第21-23页 |
| 2.2 Theoretical foundation | 第23-25页 |
| 2.2.1 Krashen's Input Hypothesis | 第23页 |
| 2.2.2 Functions of Stance markers | 第23-24页 |
| 2.2.3 Semantic function of Stance markers | 第24-25页 |
| 2.3 A review of previous studies on Stance makers | 第25-30页 |
| 2.3.1 Previous studies on Stance makers abroad | 第25-26页 |
| 2.3.2 Previous studies on Stance makers at home | 第26-28页 |
| 2.3.3 Summary of foreign and domestic studies | 第28-30页 |
| Chapter Three Methodology | 第30-37页 |
| 3.1 Research questions | 第30页 |
| 3.2 Research materials | 第30-33页 |
| 3.2.1 Scored argumentative writings of Freshmen | 第31页 |
| 3.2.2 Scored argumentative writings of Juniors | 第31-32页 |
| 3.2.3 Semi-structure interview based on scored argumentative writings of Freshmen andJuniors | 第32-33页 |
| 3.3 Data collection and analysis | 第33-37页 |
| 3.3.1 Data collection | 第33页 |
| 3.3.2 Data analysis | 第33-37页 |
| Chapter Four Results and Discussion | 第37-55页 |
| 4.1 General characteristics of the use of Stance markers | 第37-42页 |
| 4.1.1 Total number of Stance markers and frequency of use of Stance markers | 第37-39页 |
| 4.1.2 Types of Stance markers and their proportion distribution | 第39-41页 |
| 4.1.3 Erroneous Stance markers and their proportion distribution | 第41-42页 |
| 4.2 Differences of the use of Stance markers between Freshmen and Juniors | 第42-45页 |
| 4.2.1 Difference in terms of the total number of Stance markers between Freshmen andJuniors | 第43页 |
| 4.2.2 Differences in terms of the types of Stance markers between Freshmen and Juniors | 第43-45页 |
| 4.3 Differences of the use of Stance markers between high-level and low-level groups | 第45-50页 |
| 4.3.1 Differences in terms of the total number of Stance markers between high-level andlow-level groups | 第45-47页 |
| 4.3.2 Differences in terms of the types of Stance markers between high-level and low-levelgroups | 第47-50页 |
| 4.4 Relationship between the use of Stance markers and students'argumentative writingperformance | 第50-55页 |
| 4.4.1 Relationship between the total number of Stance markers and students'argumentativewriting performance | 第50-52页 |
| 4.4.2 Relationship between the types of Stance markers and students'argumentative writingperformance | 第52-55页 |
| Chapter Five Conclusion | 第55-60页 |
| 5.1 Major findings | 第55-57页 |
| 5.2 Pedagogical implications | 第57-58页 |
| 5.3 Limitations of the present study and suggestions for future studies | 第58-60页 |
| References | 第60-64页 |
| Appendix Ⅰ | 第64-67页 |
| Appendix Ⅱ | 第67-69页 |
| Appendix Ⅲ | 第69-75页 |
| Appendix Ⅳ | 第75-76页 |
