| Acknowledgements | 第4-5页 |
| Abstract | 第5-6页 |
| 摘要 | 第7-9页 |
| Contents | 第9-11页 |
| Introduction | 第11-15页 |
| Chapter One Literature Review | 第15-29页 |
| 1.1 Previous Studies on Gender Language Differences Abroad and in China | 第15-19页 |
| 1.1.1 Previous Studies on Gender Language Differences Abroad | 第15-17页 |
| 1.1.2 Previous Studies on Gender Language Differences in China | 第17-19页 |
| 1.2 Definitions of Relative Terms | 第19-22页 |
| 1.2.1 Gender and Sex | 第19-20页 |
| 1.2.2 Gender Language | 第20页 |
| 1.2.3 Miscommunication | 第20-21页 |
| 1.2.4 Conversation | 第21-22页 |
| 1.3 Theoretical Framework in This Study | 第22-29页 |
| 1.3.1 Grice’s Theory of Cooperative Principle | 第22-23页 |
| 1) The co-operative principle | 第22页 |
| 2) The maxim of Quality | 第22页 |
| 3) The maxim of Quantity | 第22-23页 |
| 4) The maxim of Relevance | 第23页 |
| 5) The maxim of Manner | 第23页 |
| 1.3.2 Levinson’s Theory of Turn-taking | 第23页 |
| 1.3.3 Gender Theories | 第23-29页 |
| Chapter Two Gender Language Differences in English Conversations | 第29-51页 |
| 2.1 Gender Language Differences in Language Form | 第29-36页 |
| 2.1.1 Pronunciation | 第29-30页 |
| 2.1.2 Intonation | 第30-31页 |
| 2.1.3 Vocabulary | 第31-35页 |
| 2.1.3.1 Adjectives and Color Words | 第32-33页 |
| 2.1.3.2 Intensifiers | 第33-34页 |
| 2.1.3.3 Curse Words, Taboos and Slangs | 第34-35页 |
| 2.1.4 Sentence Structure | 第35-36页 |
| 2.2 Gender Language Differences in Conversational Style | 第36-51页 |
| 2.2.1 Topic Selection | 第36-37页 |
| 2.2.2 Speech Amount (Conversational Quantity) | 第37-38页 |
| 2.2.3 Conversational Tactics | 第38-51页 |
| 2.2.3.1 Conversational Overlap and Interruption | 第39-41页 |
| 2.2.3.2 Question-Asking and Tag Question | 第41-43页 |
| 2.2.3.3 Minimal Response | 第43-45页 |
| 2.2.3.4 Hedges | 第45-46页 |
| 2.2.3.5 Silence | 第46-47页 |
| 2.2.3.6 Cooperation | 第47-48页 |
| 2.2.3.7 Turn-taking | 第48-51页 |
| Chapter Three Miscommunication by Gender Language Differences and Its Causes | 第51-65页 |
| 3.1 Miscommunication by Gender Language Differences in English Conversations | 第51-55页 |
| 3.1.1 Miscommunication by Different Preferred Topics | 第51-52页 |
| 3.1.2 Miscommunication by Different Distributions of Speech Amount | 第52-53页 |
| 3.1.3 Miscommunication by Different Interpretations of Minimal Response | 第53-54页 |
| 3.1.4 Miscommunication by Different Interpretations of Question and Self-disclosure | 第54-55页 |
| 3.2 Causes of Miscommunication by Gender Language Differences in English Conversations | 第55-65页 |
| 3.2.1 Social Causes | 第55-58页 |
| 3.2.1.1 Gender Identity and Gender Stereotype | 第56-57页 |
| 3.2.1.2 Social Status and Social Role | 第57-58页 |
| 3.2.2 Cultural Causes | 第58-60页 |
| 3.2.2.1 Male Subculture | 第59-60页 |
| 3.2.2.2 Female Subculture | 第60页 |
| 3.2.3 Historical Causes | 第60-61页 |
| 3.2.4 Religious Causes | 第61页 |
| 3.2.5 Physiological Causes | 第61-62页 |
| 3.2.6 Psychological Causes | 第62-65页 |
| Chapter Four Strategies for Avoiding Miscommunication in English Conversations | 第65-69页 |
| 4.1 Admitting Gender Language Differences | 第65页 |
| 4.2 Increasing Shared Knowledge | 第65-66页 |
| 4.3 Learning to Be Tolerant | 第66页 |
| 4.4 Learning to Respect Each Sex | 第66-67页 |
| 4.5 Learning to Be Open and Flexible | 第67-69页 |
| Conclusion | 第69-73页 |
| Bibliography | 第73-76页 |
| 授予硕士学位人员登记表 | 第76-77页 |
