| Acknowledgements | 第1-5页 |
| 摘要 | 第5-8页 |
| Abstracts | 第8-11页 |
| Contents | 第11-14页 |
| Chapter 1 Introduction | 第14-23页 |
| 1．1 Why "fossilization and stabilization"? | 第14-16页 |
| 1．1．1 What is "fossilization" and what is "stabilization"? | 第14-15页 |
| 1．1．2 Why "contrastive study and classification"? | 第15-16页 |
| 1．2 Clarifying some terms in this dissertation | 第16-20页 |
| 1．2．1 Interlanguage | 第17-19页 |
| 1．2．1．1 Selinker's "interlanguage system" | 第17-18页 |
| 1．2．1．2 Corder's "interlanguage system" | 第18-19页 |
| 1．2．2 Language acquisition vs． language learning | 第19-20页 |
| 1．2．3 Second language vs． foreign language | 第20页 |
| 1．3 Focus and preview of the dissertation | 第20-23页 |
| 1．3．1 Focus of this dissertation | 第21页 |
| 1．3．2 Organization of this dissertation | 第21-23页 |
| Chapter 2 Literature Review | 第23-35页 |
| 2．1 Historic review of studies on fossilization and stabilization | 第23-26页 |
| 2．2 Comments on these works | 第26-29页 |
| 2．3 Distinctions and relationships between fossilization and stabilization | 第29-35页 |
| 2．3．1 Distinctions between fossilization and stabilization | 第29-31页 |
| 2．3．2 Relationships between fossilization and stabilization | 第31-35页 |
| Chapter 3 Classification of Fossilization and Its Possible Causes | 第35-56页 |
| 3．1 Introduction | 第35-37页 |
| 3．2 Conscious fossilization | 第37-48页 |
| 3．2．1 Fossilization caused by social factors | 第37-41页 |
| 3．2．1．1 Social distance | 第38-39页 |
| 3．2．1．2 Culture shock | 第39-41页 |
| 3．2．2 Fossilization caused by affective factors | 第41-45页 |
| 3．2．2．1 Motivation | 第41-43页 |
| 3．2．2．2 Attitude | 第43-44页 |
| 3．2．2．3 Personality | 第44-45页 |
| 3．2．3 Fossilization caused by cognitive styles | 第45-48页 |
| 3．3 Unconscious fossilization | 第48-54页 |
| 3．3．1 Fossilization caused by linguistic environment | 第49-51页 |
| 3．3．2 Fossilization caused by physical disability | 第51-52页 |
| 3．3．3 Fossilization caused by age | 第52-54页 |
| 3．4 Summary and comments | 第54-56页 |
| Chapter 4 Classification of Stabilization and Its Possible Causes | 第56-73页 |
| 4．1 Introduction | 第56-57页 |
| 4．2 Conscious stabilization | 第57-64页 |
| 4．2．1 Stabilization caused by affective factors | 第57-62页 |
| 4．2．1．1 Anxiety | 第58-59页 |
| 4．2．1．2 Lack of risk-taking | 第59-60页 |
| 4．2．1．3 Sensitivity to rejection | 第60-61页 |
| 4．2．1．4 Absent-mindedness | 第61-62页 |
| 4．2．2 Stabilization caused by the learner's learning strategies | 第62-64页 |
| 4．3 Unconscious stabilization | 第64-68页 |
| 4．3．1 Stabilization caused by L1 transfer | 第64-66页 |
| 4．3．2 Stabilization caused by language input and output | 第66-68页 |
| 4．3．2．1 Krashen's input hypothesis | 第66-67页 |
| 4．3．2．2 Effect of language input | 第67-68页 |
| 4．3．2．3 Effect of language output | 第68页 |
| 4．4 De-stabilization | 第68-71页 |
| 4．5 Summary and comments | 第71-73页 |
| Chapter 5 Conclusion | 第73-76页 |
| Bibliography | 第76-82页 |
