| Acknowledgements | 第1-9页 |
| 英文摘要 | 第9-14页 |
| Abbreviations | 第14-18页 |
| Chapter 1: Introduction | 第18-27页 |
| 1．1 Research orientation | 第18-19页 |
| 1．2 Defining learning strategies and listening learning strategies | 第19-21页 |
| 1．3 Rationale for the present study | 第21-24页 |
| 1．4 Key research questions | 第24-25页 |
| 1．5 Overview of the thesis | 第25-27页 |
| Chapter 2: Review of Related Literature | 第27-48页 |
| 2．1 Overview | 第27页 |
| 2．2 Listening comprehension process as human information-processing process | 第27-34页 |
| 2．3 Learning strategies | 第34-37页 |
| 2．3．1 The effective and ineffective language learners | 第34-35页 |
| 2．3．2 Classification of learning strategies | 第35-37页 |
| 2．4 Learning strategy instruction | 第37-40页 |
| 2．4．1 Instructional approaches for learning strategies | 第37-39页 |
| 2．4．2 A model for learning strategy instruction | 第39-40页 |
| 2．5 Related empirical studies on listening learning strategy instruction | 第40-44页 |
| 2．5．1 Studies on what kinds of strategies should be taught | 第40-43页 |
| 2．5．2 Studies on how to teach strategies | 第43-44页 |
| 2．6 Summary and conclusions | 第44-48页 |
| 2．6．1 Summary | 第44-45页 |
| 2．6．2 Conclusions | 第45-48页 |
| Chapter 3: The Study | 第48-75页 |
| 3．1 Overview | 第48页 |
| 3．2 Conceptual frameworks for the study | 第48-55页 |
| 3．2．1 Cognitive framework for the study | 第48-52页 |
| 3．2．2 Pedagogical framework for the study | 第52-55页 |
| 3．3 Specific research questions and working hypotheses | 第55页 |
| 3．4 Research design | 第55-59页 |
| 3．4．1 Variables and their operationalized definitions | 第55-56页 |
| 3．4．2 The design | 第56-57页 |
| 3．4．3 Subjects | 第57-58页 |
| 3．4．4 The investigative procedures | 第58-59页 |
| 3．5 Instrumentation | 第59-70页 |
| 3．5．1 Questionnaires | 第59-61页 |
| 3．5．2 Training schemes and lecture handouts | 第61-69页 |
| 3．5．2．1 Identifying the strategies to be taught | 第61-66页 |
| 3．5．2．2 Writing the training schemes and lecture handouts | 第66-69页 |
| 3．5．3 Listening tests | 第69-70页 |
| 3．6 Data collection | 第70-73页 |
| 3．6．1 Phase One training | 第71-72页 |
| 3．6．2 Phase Two Training | 第72-73页 |
| 3．7 Data analysis | 第73-75页 |
| Chapter 4: Results and Discussion | 第75-96页 |
| 4．1 Overview | 第75页 |
| 4．2 Results of the study | 第75-86页 |
| 4．2．1 Results for Working Hypothesis 1 | 第75-77页 |
| 4．2．1．1 The overall effect | 第75-76页 |
| 4．2．1．2 The immediate effect | 第76-77页 |
| 4．2．2 Results for Working Hypothesis 2 | 第77-81页 |
| 4．2．2．1 The frequency of strategy use | 第77-79页 |
| 4．2．2．2 The category of strategy use | 第79-80页 |
| 4．2．2．3 The students' self-reported awareness of the strategies they should or could use in the listening process | 第80-81页 |
| 4．2．3 Results for Working Hypothesis 3 | 第81-86页 |
| 4．2．3．1 The effective and ineffective listeners' performance in the pre-and posttests | 第81页 |
| 4．2．3．2 The effective and ineffective listeners' awareness of strategy use | 第81-83页 |
| 4．2．3．3 The effective and ineffective listeners' confidence in listening learning after strategy training | 第83页 |
| 4．2．3．4 The effective and ineffective listeners' perception of the effectiveness of strategy training | 第83-84页 |
| 4．2．3．5 The effective and ineffective listeners' perception of the most useful strategies taught | 第84-85页 |
| 4．2．3．6 The effective and ineffective listeners' attitudes towards strategy training | 第85-86页 |
| 4．3 Discussion | 第86-96页 |
| 4．3．1 Major findings of the study | 第86-87页 |
| 4．3．2 Discussion | 第87-96页 |
| 4．3．2．1 The effectiveness of listening learning strategy instruction | 第87-93页 |
| 4．3．2．2 The inadequacies of listening learning strategy instruction | 第93-96页 |
| Chapter 5: Conclusions, Implications and Recommendations for Further Research | 第96-102页 |
| 5．1 Overview | 第96页 |
| 5．2 Conclusions | 第96-98页 |
| 5．3 Implications | 第98-100页 |
| 5．3．1 Theoretical implications | 第98-99页 |
| 5．3．2 Pedagogical implications | 第99-100页 |
| 5．3．2．1 Implications for listening instruction | 第99-100页 |
| 5．3．2．2 Implications for teacher training | 第100页 |
| 5．4 Limitations and recommendations for further research | 第100-102页 |
| References | 第102-105页 |
| Appendices | 第105-135页 |
