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Application of Hot Water Dips Alleviates Cold Storage Disorders and Improves Quality of Friar Plum Fruit

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS第9-12页
DECLARATION第12-13页
CERTIFICATION第13-19页
LIST OF TABLES第19-21页
LIST OF FIGURES第21-24页
英文摘要第24页
INTRODUCTION第29-36页
    1.1 Plums第29-31页
        1.1.1 Agronomic Characteristics第29-31页
            Quality Characteristics第30-31页
        1.1.2 Storage and Transportation第31页
    1.2 Significance of Research第31-32页
    1.3 Research Justification第32-35页
    1.4 Research Objectives第35-36页
        1.4.1 General Objectives第35页
        1.4.2 Specific Objectives第35-36页
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE第36-50页
    2.1 Storage Temperature and Postharvest Physiology and Quality of Fruits第36页
    2.2 Heat Treatments Influences Postharvest Changes in Fruits第36-43页
        2.2.1 Temperature Stress第38-39页
        2.2.2 Responses to Heat Treatment第39-42页
            2.2.2.1 Physiological Manifestations第39-42页
                2.2.2.1.1 Respiration第39-40页
                2.2.2.1.2 Ethylene第40-41页
                2.2.2.1.3 Softening and Cell Wall Metabolism第41页
                2.2.2.1.4 Flavour Changes第41-42页
        2.2.3 Mechanism of Response to High Temperature第42-43页
    2.3 Effect of Polyamines on Fruit第43-46页
        2.3.1 Types of Polyamines第43-44页
        2.3.2 Biosynthesis of Polyamines第44-45页
        2.3.3 Polyamines and Chilling Stress in Fruit and Vegetables第45页
        2.3.4 Polyamines and Senescence第45-46页
    2.4 Cell wall Hydrolases and Their Involvement in Fruit Ripening第46-47页
    2.5 Antioxidative Protection第47-50页
GENERAL MATERIALS AND METHODS第50-61页
    3.1 Materials第50页
    3.2 Pre-Storage Treatments and storage第50-52页
        3.2.1 Season One Experiment第50页
        3.2.2 Season Two Experiment第50-52页
            3.2.2.1 Hot Water Dip Treatments第50-52页
                3.2.2.1.1 Description of Hot Water Tank第50-51页
                3.2.2.1.2 Heat Penetration Kinetics第51页
                3.2.2.1.3 Experimental Design and Statistical Analysis第51-52页
    3.3 Analytical Methods第52-56页
        3.3.1 Determination of Respiratory Rates第52-53页
        3.3.2 Rate of Ethylene Production第53页
        3.3.3 Fruit Firmness第53页
        3.3.4 Total Soluble Solids (TSS) and Total Acidity (TA)第53页
        3.3.5 Extraction of Anti-oxidative Enzymes第53-56页
            3.3.5.1 SOD (Superoxide dismutase) Activity第54页
            3.3.5.2 POD (Peroxidase) Activity第54页
            3.3.5.3 CAT (Catalase) activity第54页
            3.3.5.4 MDA (Malondialdehyde) content第54-55页
            3.3.5.5 Measurement of Soluble Protein第55页
            3.3.5.6 Membrane Permeability第55页
            3.3.5.7 Measurement of Vitamin C (Vc) Content第55-56页
    3.4 Determination of Hydrolytic Enzyme Activities第56-57页
        3.4.1 Enzyme Extraction第56页
        3.4.1.1 Extraction of exo- and endo-PG Enzymes第56页
            3.4.1.1.1 Exo-PG Activity Assay第56页
            3.4.1.1.2 Endo-PG Activity Assay第56页
        3.4.1.2 Determination of PME Activity第56-57页
        3.4.1.3 Determination of Endo-Glucanase (EGase) Activity第57页
    3.5 Determination of β-Galactosidase (β-Gal) Activity第57-58页
        3.5.1 Extraction of β-Galactosidase (β-Gal)第57页
        3.5.2 β-Gal Activity Assay第57-58页
    3.6 Determination of Cellulase Enzyme Activity第58页
        3.6.1 Cx Cellulase Enzyme Extraction第58页
        3.6.2 Cx-CeUulase Activity Assay第58页
    3.7 Extraction and Analysis of Polyamines第58-59页
    3.8 Extraction of Alcohol-Insoluble Solids (AIS)第59-61页
        3.8.1 Measurement of Total Pectin第59-60页
        3.8.2 Cell wall chemical extraction and fraction analysis第60-61页
EFFECT OF STORAGE TEMPERATURES ON THE POSTHARVEST PHYSIOLOGY AND QUALITY OF 'FRIAR' PLUM FRUIT第61-77页
    4.1 Introduction第61页
    4.2 Materials and Methods第61页
    4.3 Results and Analysis第61-71页
        4.3.1 Respiration Rates第61-62页
        4.3.2 Fruit Firmness第62-63页
        4.3.3 Measurement of weight loss第63页
        4.3.4 Total soluble solids第63-64页
        4.3.5 Titratable acidity第64-65页
        4.3.6 TSS/TA Ratio第65页
        4.3.7 Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity第65-66页
        4.3.8 Peroxidase (POD) activity第66页
        4.3.9 Catalase (CAT) activity第66-67页
        4.3.10 Malondialdehyde (MDA) content第67-68页
        4.3.11 Membrane permeability第68-69页
        4.3.12 Polygalacturonase (PG) activity第69页
        4.3.13 Cx cellulase activity第69页
        4.3.14 Vitamin C (Vc)content第69-70页
        4.3.15 Protein content第70页
        4.3.16 Chilling injury and decay indices第70-71页
    4.4 DISCUSSION第71-77页
EFFECT OF HOT WATER DIPS ON THE POSTHARVEST PHYSIOLOGY OF 'FRIAR' PLUM FRUIT第77-87页
    5.1 Introduction第77-78页
    5.2 Materials and Methods第78页
    5.3 Results第78-83页
        5.3.1 Respiratory Rate第78-79页
        5.3.2 Ethylene Production第79-80页
        5.3.3 Fruit flesh firmness第80-81页
        5.3.4 Weight loss第81页
        5.3.5 Total soluble solids (TSS) content第81页
        5.3.6 Titratable acidity (TA) content第81页
        5.3.7 Total soluble solids/Titratable acidity (TSS/TA) Ratio第81-83页
    5.4 Discussion第83-87页
EFFECT OF HOT WATER DIPS ON POLYAMINE ACCUMULATION AND CHILLING INJURY AND DECAY IN 'FRIAR' PLUM FRUIT第87-94页
    6.1 Introduction第87-88页
    6.2 Materials and Methods第88页
    6.3 Results and Analysis第88-91页
        6.3.1 Chilling injury index第90-91页
        6.3.2 Decay index第91页
    6.4 Discussion第91-94页
EFFECT OF HOT WATER DIPS ON CELL WALL HYDROLYTIC ENZYMES AND WALL COMPONENTS IN 'FRIAR' PLUM FRUIT第94-113页
    7.1 Introduction第94-95页
    7.2 Materials and Methods第95页
    7.3 Results and Analysis第95-107页
        7.3.1 Exo-Polygalacturonase (PG) activity第95-96页
        7.3.2 Endo-Polygalacturonase (PG) activity第96-97页
        7.3.3 Cx cellulase activity第97页
        7.3.4 Pectinmethylesterase activity第97-99页
            Endo-Glucanase(E-Gase)activity第98-99页
        7.3.5β-Galactosidase(β-Gal)activity第99页
        7.3.6 Total pectin content第99-100页
        7.3.7 Water-soluble pectin (W-SP) content第100-101页
        7.3.8 EDTA-soluble pectin (E-SP) content第101页
        7.3.9 Sodium carbonate-soluble pectin (S-SP) content第101-102页
        7.3.10 M KOH-soluble pectin (IMK-SP) content第102页
        7.3.11 M KOH-soluble pectin (4-M K-SP) content第102-103页
        7.3.12 Residual pectin (ct-cellulose) fraction第103-107页
    7.4 Discussion第107-113页
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION第113-116页
References of Related Literature第116-139页
    APPENDIX A: List of Abbreviations and chemical formulae used in this study第132-134页
    APPENDIX B: List of Reagents used in this study第134-137页
    APPENDIX C: Some buffers used in this study and their methods of preparation第137-139页

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