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Soil Nitrous Oxide Emission as Affected by Application of Phosphorus

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS第7-10页
List of abbreviation第10-11页
Abstract第11-13页
摘要第14-17页
Chapter 1: Background and literature review第17-39页
    1.1 Greenhouse gases第17页
    1.2 Sources of greenhouse gases第17页
    1.3 Climate change第17-19页
    1.4 Factors stimulating N_2O emissions第19-29页
        1.4.1 Soil physical properties第19-21页
        1.4.2 Moisture第21页
        1.4.3 Temperature第21-22页
        1.4.4 Soil p H第22-23页
        1.4.5 Easily available carbon第23-24页
        1.4.6 Nitrogenous fertilizers第24-25页
        1.4.7 Soil microorganisms第25页
        1.4.8 Enzymes第25-26页
        1.4.9 Soil mineral nitrogen第26-27页
        1.4.10 Land use change第27-28页
        1.4.11 N_2O production inhibitor第28-29页
    1.5 Phosphorus第29-34页
        1.5.1 History and role of P in soil第29-30页
        1.5.2 Phosphorus chemistry in soil第30-32页
        1.5.3 Phosphorus content in soil第32页
        1.5.4 Phosphorus losses from soil第32-34页
    1.6 Biochar background第34-38页
        1.6.1 Biochar composition第34-35页
        1.6.2 Biochar alters soil properties第35-36页
        1.6.3 Biochar influences plants growth第36-38页
    1.7 Research objectives第38-39页
Chapter 2: Materials and Methods第39-42页
    2.1 Soil sampling第39-42页
        2.1.2 Soil analysis第39-41页
        2.1.3 Analysis of gas fluxes第41页
        2.1.4 Gas flux calculation第41-42页
Chapter 3: Effect of different levels of phosphorus and soil moisture on nitrous oxideemission第42-54页
    3.1 Introduction第42-45页
    3.2 Materials and Methods第45-47页
        3.2.1 Experimental designed and treatments第45-46页
        3.2.2 Gas and soil sampling第46页
        3.2.3 Statistical analysis第46-47页
    3.3 Results第47-51页
        3.3.1 Dynamics of N_2O第47-48页
        3.3.2 Soil ammonium (NH_4~+-N) and nitrate (NO_3~--N) concentrations第48-49页
        3.3.3 Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and available P concentrations第49-51页
    3.4 Discussion第51-53页
    3.5 Conclusion第53-54页
Chapter 4: Effect of phosphorus under soil moisture on nitrous oxide emission第54-66页
    4.1 Introduction第54-56页
    4.2 Materials and methods第56-57页
        4.2.1 Soil characteristic and analysis第56页
        4.2.2 Experimental design, gas sampling and analysis第56-57页
        4.2.3 Statistical analysis第57页
    4.3 Results第57-62页
        4.3.1 Nitrous oxide emission第57-58页
        4.3.2 Soil mineral nitrogen第58-59页
        4.3.3 Available phosphorus第59页
        4.3.4 Dissolved organic carbon第59-62页
    4.4 Discussion第62-65页
    4.5 Conclusion第65-66页
Chapter 5: Phosphorus and biochar application effects on N_2O emission under controlgreenhouse conditions第66-88页
    5.1 Introduction第66-69页
    5.2 Material and Methods第69-71页
        5.2.1 Soil collection and experimental design第69页
        5.2.3 Controlled environmental condition第69-70页
        5.2.4 Properties of biochar and phosphorous第70页
        5.2.5 Soil Sampling and Analysis第70页
        5.2.6 Gas measurement and analysis第70-71页
        5.2.7 Statistical Analysis第71页
    5.3 Results第71-79页
        5.3.1 Dynamics of N_2O emission第71-74页
        5.3.2 Available phosphorus concentration第74-75页
        5.3.3 Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations第75-76页
        5.3.4 Soil ammonium (NH_4~+-N) and nitrate (NO_3~--N) concentrations第76-79页
    5.4 Discussion第79-87页
        5.4.1 Effects of phosphorus on soil N_2O emission第79-81页
        5.4.2 Biochar affects soil N_2O emission第81-84页
        5.4.3 Combined application of phosphorus and biochar enhances soil N_2Oemission第84-87页
    5.5 Conclusions第87-88页
Chapter 6: General discussion and future perspective第88-92页
    6.1 General discussion第88-89页
    6.2 N_2O emission第89-91页
    6.3 Future Perspective第91-92页
References第92-116页
Biography of the Author第116-117页
List of Publication第117-119页

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