| 中文摘要 | 第6-8页 |
| Abstract | 第8-9页 |
| Abbreviations | 第10-12页 |
| Chapter Ⅰ:A brief intoroduction of Xenopus germ layer formation and body axis patterning | 第12-46页 |
| Introduction | 第13-14页 |
| 1. Xenopus laevis as an important model animal | 第14页 |
| 2. Maternal determinants | 第14-16页 |
| 3. Xenopus mid-blastula transition (MBT):onset of zygotic gene transcription | 第16-17页 |
| 4. Signal pathways involved in germ layer formation and body axis patterning | 第17-26页 |
| 4.1 Nodal/activin pathway | 第18-21页 |
| 4.2 BMP pathway | 第21-23页 |
| 4.3 Wnt/β-catenin pathway | 第23-25页 |
| 4.4 FGF pathway | 第25-26页 |
| 5. Specification of three germ layers | 第26-29页 |
| 6. Establishment of the Spemann's organizer and body axis patterning duringXenopus early embryogenesis | 第29-33页 |
| 6.1 Cortical rotation and the early maternal β-catenin signaling | 第30-31页 |
| 6.2 Spemann's organizer and the ventral signaling center | 第31-32页 |
| 6.3 Roles of Wnt,BMP and Nodal signaling in body axis patterning | 第32-33页 |
| 7. Roles of pluripotency genes during embryogenesis | 第33-34页 |
| 8. Kruppel-like factor family and Klf4 | 第34-35页 |
| Summary and prospective | 第35-36页 |
| References | 第36-46页 |
| Chapter Ⅱ:Role and regulation of Klf4 gene during Xenopus early embryogenesis | 第46-103页 |
| Abstract | 第47-48页 |
| Introduction | 第48-51页 |
| Materials and methods | 第51-58页 |
| Results | 第58-98页 |
| Section 2.1 Preliminary study of Klf4 during Xenopus germ layer formation | 第58-72页 |
| 2.1.1 Identification of Xenopus laevis | 第58-60页 |
| 2.1.2 Spatial-temporal expression of Klf4 during Xenopus embryonicdevelopment | 第60-62页 |
| 2.1.3 Klf4 gain of function analyses | 第62-67页 |
| 2.1.4 Klf4 loss of function analyses | 第67-71页 |
| 2.1.5 Conclusion | 第71-72页 |
| Section 2.2 Roles between Klf4 and Nodal/activin pathway during earlyembryogenesis | 第72-83页 |
| 2.2.1 Klf4 regulates Nodal/activin pathway | 第72-76页 |
| 2.2.2 Klf4 promotes transcription of genes responsible for endodermdifferentiation | 第76-78页 |
| 2.2.3 Cross talk between Klf4 and Nodal/activin pathway in germ layerdifferentiation | 第78-81页 |
| 2.2.4 Klf4 promotes endoderm formation in both Nodal/activin dependent and independent manners | 第81-83页 |
| 2.2.5 Conclusion | 第83页 |
| Section 2.3 Klf4 induces anteriorizing signals | 第83-94页 |
| 2.3.1 Klf4 promotes a subset of organizer genes expression | 第83-87页 |
| 2.3.2 Klf4 combines with FGF, BMP and Wnt/β-catenin pathway to affect bodyaxis patterning | 第87-91页 |
| 2.3.3 Assays on the transcriptional activity of Klf4 | 第91-94页 |
| 2.3.4 Conclusion | 第94页 |
| Section 2.4 Regulation of Klf4 transcription by TCF/LEF | 第94-98页 |
| 2.4.1 TCF3 and LEF1 stimulate transcription of Klf4 | 第94-97页 |
| 2.4.2 Klf4 can interact with TCF3 and LEF1 | 第97-98页 |
| 2.4.3 Conclusion | 第98页 |
| Summary and Discussion | 第98-103页 |
| Appendix 1 | 第103-106页 |
| References | 第106-110页 |
| 致谢 | 第110-111页 |
| Publications | 第111-113页 |
