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An Investigation into the Pathogens Associated with Canine Infectious Respiratory Disease and Pathogenicity Analysis

Dedication第9-10页
ABSTRACT第10-13页
List of abbreviations第14-16页
Chapter 1 Emergence and epidemiology of canine influenza virus第16-54页
    1 Structure of Influenza A Viruses第16-20页
        1.1 HA protein第17页
        1.2 NA protein第17-18页
        1.3 M2 Protein第18页
        1.4 M1 Protein第18页
        1.5 Nonstructural proteins第18-19页
            1.5.1 NS1 protein第19页
            1.5.2 NS2 protein第19页
        1.6 The Polymerase complex PB1,PB2 and PA第19-20页
            1.6.1 PA protein第19页
            1.6.2 PB1 protein第19-20页
            1.6.3 PB2 protein第20页
    2 Emergence of Canine Influenza Virus第20-21页
    3 Subtype diversity of IAV in dogs第21-28页
        3.1 Subtype H3N2第21-23页
        3.2 Subtype H3N8第23-24页
        3.3 Subtype H5N1第24-25页
        3.4 Subtype H5N2第25-26页
        3.5 Subtype H1N1第26-27页
        3.6 Subtype H3N1第27页
        3.7 Subtype H9N2第27-28页
    4 Transmission of Canine Influenza Virus第28-29页
    5 Influenza virus infection第29-36页
        5.1 Coinfection of influenza virus with Staphylococcal species第30-32页
        5.2 Coinfection of influenza virus with Streptococcal species第32-35页
        5.3 Coinfection of influenza virus with other bacterial species第35-36页
    6 Conclusions第36-37页
    References第37-54页
Chapter 2 Streptococcus pluranimalium Isolated from a Canine Respiratory Case:Identification and Experimental Infection in Mice第54-66页
    1 Introduction第54-55页
    2 Case presentation第55-58页
        2.1 Case history第55页
        2.2 Bacterial isolation and identification第55-56页
        2.3 PCR mixture第56页
        2.4 PCR protocol第56页
        2.5 Histopathological analysis第56-57页
        2.6 Hemotoxylin and eosin(H&E)staining第57-58页
    3 Results第58-61页
        3.1 Bacterial identification第58页
        3.2 Bacterial load第58-60页
        3.3 Pathological observation第60-61页
    4 Discussion第61-63页
    5 Conclusion第63页
    References第63-66页
Chapter 3 Isolation, identification and antimicrobial resistance of bacterial isolates from dogs第66-84页
    1 Introduction第66-68页
    2 Material and Methods第68-70页
        2.1 Collection of bacterial strains第68-69页
        2.2 Isolation and identification of bacterial strains第69页
        2.3 Confirmation by PCR第69页
        2.4 Antimicrobial susceptibility testing第69-70页
    3 Results第70-75页
        3.1 Bacterial isolation第70-71页
        3.2 Morphological and culture characteristics of Staphylococci第71-72页
        3.3 Morphological and culture characteristics of Streptococci第72-73页
        3.4 Biochemical characteristics of S.pseudintermedius and S.pluranimalium第73-74页
        3.5 Antimicrobial resistance第74-75页
    4 Discussion第75-76页
    5 Conclusion第76-77页
    References第77-84页
Chapter 4 Pathogenicity potential of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolated from dogs with infection signs第84-102页
    1 Introduction第84-85页
    2 Materials and methods第85-88页
        2.1 Ethics statement第85-86页
        2.2 Infectious agents第86页
        2.3 Experimental infection of mice第86页
        2.4 Bacterial loads第86页
        2.5 Histopathological examination第86页
        2.6 Detection of virulence factors第86-88页
    3 Results第88-95页
        3.1 Clinical symptoms第88-89页
        3.2 Bacterial loads第89-90页
        3.3 Histopathological changes第90-91页
        3.4 Presence of mecA and SCCmec typing of S. pseudintermedius第91-95页
    4 Discussion第95-96页
    5 Conclusion第96-97页
    References第97-102页
Chapter 5 Identification and genetic evolution analysis of one strain of H3N2 canine influenza virus isolated from Nanjing, China第102-122页
    1 Introduction第102-103页
    2 Materials and methods第103-109页
        2.1 Collection of samples第103-104页
        2.2 Specific pathogen free eggs(SPF)第104页
        2.3 Inoculation of samples第104页
        2.4 Harvesting of allantoic fluids第104页
        2.5 Viral RNA extraction第104-105页
        2.6 Hemagglutination assay第105-106页
        2.7 Reverse transcription PCR第106-107页
        2.8 Preparation of competent E. coli using CaCl_2 for transformation of plasmids第107页
        2.9 Transformation to the competent cells第107页
        2.10 Plasmid extraction第107-108页
        2.11 Sequence analysis第108-109页
    3 Results第109-117页
        3.1 Isolation and identification of viruses第109-110页
        3.2 Molecular Sequence homology of HA gene第110页
        3.3 Phylogenetic analysis第110页
        3.4 Molecular Sequence homology of NA gene第110-111页
        3.5 Phylogenetic analysis第111-114页
        3.6 Variability Analysis of gene coding regions第114-117页
            3.6.1 HA gene coding region第114页
            3.6.2 NA gene coding region第114-117页
    4 Discussion第117-118页
    5 Conclusion第118页
    References第118-122页
Chapter 6 Canine influenza virus coinfection with Staphylococcus pseudintermedius enhances bacterial colonization, virus load and clinical presentation第122-146页
    1 Introduction第122-124页
    2 Materials and Methods第124-128页
        2.1 Infectious agents第124页
        2.2 Mice第124页
        2.3 Animal experiments第124-125页
        2.4 Pathological analysis第125页
        2.5 Bacterial isolation第125页
        2.6 Real-time PCR for quantification of viral loads第125-126页
            2.6.1 Real-time PCR mixture第126页
            2.6.2 Real-time PCR protocol第126页
        2.7 Quantification of cytokine levels第126-128页
        2.8 Statistical analysis第128页
    3 Results第128-138页
        3.1 CNS signs during experimental infection in the mice第128页
        3.2 Body weight changes in mice第128-129页
        3.3 Determination of viable bacteria in the tissues of infected mice第129-130页
        3.4 Determination of Viral RNA loads in the tissues of infected mice第130-133页
        3.5 Histopathology第133-135页
        3.6 Histopathological Score第135页
        3.7 Determination of cytokine concentrations第135-138页
    4 Discussion第138-141页
    References第141-146页
Conclusion第146-148页
Research Publications第148-150页
Acknowledgements第150页

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