| 摘要 | 第6-8页 |
| ABSTRACT | 第8-9页 |
| ABBREVIATIONS | 第14-15页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅰ INTRODUCTION | 第15-46页 |
| 1.1 GENERAL INFORMATION OF PEAR | 第15-18页 |
| 1.1.1Brief history of Pyrus | 第15-17页 |
| 1.1.2 Origin and distribution | 第17-18页 |
| 1.2.GENETIC DIVERSITY AMONG DIFFERENT TRAITS OF PEAR | 第18-24页 |
| 1.2.1 Tree Characters | 第18-19页 |
| 1.2.2 Leaf characters | 第19-20页 |
| 1.2.3 Flowering characters | 第20-21页 |
| 1.2.4 Fruit characters | 第21-22页 |
| 1.2.5 Quality characters | 第22-24页 |
| 1.3 NUTRITIONAL IMPORTANCE | 第24-25页 |
| 1.3.1 Composition | 第24页 |
| 1.3.2 Nutritional value and health benefits of pear fruit | 第24-25页 |
| 1.4 BIODIVERSITY AND PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES | 第25-29页 |
| 1.4.1 Degree of genetic uniformity/variability in Pyrus | 第26页 |
| 1.4.2 Preservation of germplasm | 第26-27页 |
| 1.4.3 In vivo conservation | 第27-28页 |
| 1.4.4 In vitro preservation | 第28-29页 |
| 1.5 SIMPLE SEQUENCE REPEAT(SSR)MARKER | 第29-37页 |
| 1.5.1 History | 第29页 |
| 1.5.2 Identification and genetic diversity of SSR marker | 第29-34页 |
| 1.5.3 Application of SSR marker on origin evolution and kinship identification | 第34页 |
| 1.5.4 Application of SSR marker on gene mapping and genetic map construction | 第34-35页 |
| 1.5.5 Application of SSR marker on fingerprint and molecular identity card construction | 第35-36页 |
| 1.5.6 Development of SSR molecular markers on the genome of Prunus | 第36-37页 |
| 1.6 CHLOROPLAST DNA MARKER | 第37-44页 |
| 1.6.1 History | 第37-38页 |
| 1.6.2 Characteristics of Chloroplast DNA | 第38-39页 |
| 1.6.3 Research status of chloroplast DNA on plants | 第39-40页 |
| 1.6.4 Research status of chloroplast DNA on fruit trees | 第40页 |
| 1.6.5 Research status of chloroplast DNA in pear germplasm resources | 第40-44页 |
| 1.7 PURPOSE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY | 第44-45页 |
| 1.8 OBJECTIVES OF THE PROPOSED STUDY | 第45-46页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅱ GENETIC DIVERSITY AND ANALYSIS OF PEAR GERMPLASM RESOURCES USING SSR MARKER | 第46-67页 |
| 2.1 INTRODUCTION | 第46-48页 |
| 2.2.MATERIALS AND METHODS | 第48-60页 |
| 2.2.1 Experimental materials | 第48-51页 |
| 2.2.2 Test agents and instruments | 第51页 |
| 2.2.3 Experimental main instrument | 第51页 |
| 2.2.4 Isolation of pear DNA in the previous research | 第51-53页 |
| 2.2.5 Pear genomic DNA extraction in existence study | 第53页 |
| 2.2.6 Identification of genomic DNA | 第53-54页 |
| 2.2.7 Genomic DNA concentration adjustment | 第54页 |
| 2.2.8 SSR primer screening | 第54-55页 |
| 2.2.9 Characterization of PCR amplification | 第55-56页 |
| 2.2.10 SSR primer pairings and PCR amplification | 第56-58页 |
| 2.2.11 Electrophoresis of amplified DNA | 第58页 |
| 2.2.12 Preparation of polyacrylamide gel | 第58-59页 |
| 2.2.13 Electrophoresis | 第59页 |
| 2.2.14 Silver Dye | 第59页 |
| 2.2.15 Purification of PCR products | 第59-60页 |
| 2.2.16 Purification product electrophoresis | 第60页 |
| 2.2.17 Data analysis of simple sequence repeat markers | 第60页 |
| 2.3 RESULTS | 第60-64页 |
| 2.3.1 Genetic diversity assessment by SSR markers | 第60-63页 |
| 2.3.2 Principal coordinate analysis of131 pear germplasms | 第63-64页 |
| 2.4 DISCUSSIONS | 第64-67页 |
| 2.4.1 Characteristics of genetic evaluation by SSR | 第64-66页 |
| 2.4.2 Genetic relationship of pear accessions inferred by PCoA analysis | 第66-67页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅲ PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIP AND POPULATION STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF PEAR GERMPLASM RESOURCES USING SSR MARKER | 第67-78页 |
| 3.1 INTRODUCTION | 第67-68页 |
| 3.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS | 第68页 |
| 3.2.1 Plant materials | 第68页 |
| 3.2.2 Statistical analysis method | 第68页 |
| 3.3 RESULTS | 第68-72页 |
| 3.3.1 Cluster analysis of131 pear germplasms by SSR markers | 第68-70页 |
| 3.3.2 Population Structure of131 Pear Germplasms | 第70-72页 |
| 3.4 DISCUSSIONS | 第72-78页 |
| 3.4.1 Genetic relationship of pear accessions by the cluster analysis | 第72-74页 |
| 3.4.2 Genetic structure and genetic diversity of pear accessions | 第74-78页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅳ GENETIC DIVERSITY AND DIFFERENTIATION RELATIONSHIP ANALYSIS OF PEAR GERMPLASM RESOURCES USING CHLOROPLAST DNA MARKER | 第78-96页 |
| 4.1 INTRODUCTION | 第78-80页 |
| 4.2 MATERIAL METHOD | 第80-84页 |
| 4.2.1 Plant material | 第80页 |
| 4.2.2 Determination and screening of universal primers for chloroplast DNA for PCR amplification | 第80-82页 |
| 4.2.3 Chloroplast DNA selected screened markers | 第82页 |
| 4.2.4 Chloroplast DNA fragments amplification and sequencing | 第82-84页 |
| 4.2.5 Data analysis of chloroplast DNA regions | 第84页 |
| 4.3 RESULTS | 第84-91页 |
| 4.3.1 Genetic diversity and haplotypes information of chloroplast DNA | 第84-86页 |
| 4.3.2 Conservation of cpDNA haplotype by one large deletion | 第86-88页 |
| 4.3.3 Geographical distribution of chloroplast DNA haplotypes | 第88-90页 |
| 4.3.4 Median-Joining network for chloroplast DNA | 第90-91页 |
| 4.4 DISCUSSIONS | 第91-96页 |
| 4.4.1 Genetic diversity and haplotype information of chloroplast DNA | 第91-92页 |
| 4.4.2 Construction of an intermediate network map between haplotypes | 第92-96页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅴ FULL-TEXT CONCLUSION | 第96-97页 |
| REFERENCES | 第97-116页 |
| ACKNOWLEDGEMENT | 第116-117页 |
| CURRICULUM VITAE | 第117-119页 |
