| ABSTRACT | 第10-14页 |
| 摘要 | 第15-18页 |
| Chapter 1 Review of literature | 第18-53页 |
| 1.1. Enzymes activities in soils | 第18-20页 |
| 1.1.1. Overview | 第18页 |
| 1.1.2. Significance of enzymes activities in soils | 第18-20页 |
| 1.2. Factors effecting enzymes activities in soils | 第20-29页 |
| 1.2.1. Organic amendments | 第20-22页 |
| 1.2.2. Inorganic amendments | 第22-24页 |
| 1.2.3. Moisture contents | 第24-26页 |
| 1.2.4. pH | 第26-29页 |
| 1.3. Soil microbial biomass and community | 第29-31页 |
| 1.3.1. Overview | 第29页 |
| 1.3.2. Significance of soil microbial biomass and community | 第29-31页 |
| 1.4. Factors effecting soil microbial biomass and community | 第31-41页 |
| 1.4.1. Organic amendments | 第31-33页 |
| 1.4.2. Inorganic amendments | 第33-36页 |
| 1.4.3. Moisture content | 第36-39页 |
| 1.4.4. PH | 第39-41页 |
| 1.5. Microcalorimetry | 第41-44页 |
| 1.5.1. Overview | 第41-42页 |
| 1.5.2. Significance of microcalorimetry | 第42-43页 |
| 1.5.3. Advantages of microcalorimetry over traditional techniques/methods | 第43-44页 |
| 1.6. Application of microcalorimetry | 第44-51页 |
| 1.6.1. Determination of microbial activity | 第44-46页 |
| 1.6.2. Determination of microbial biomass | 第46-48页 |
| 1.6.3. Determination of enzymes activity | 第48-51页 |
| 1.7. Aims | 第51-53页 |
| 1.7.1. Oxidative enzymes the ultimate regulator of soil organic matter | 第51页 |
| 1.7.2. Microcalorimetric evaluation of Soil microbiological properties in Red soil | 第51-52页 |
| 1.7.3. Estimation of enzymatic,microbial and chemical properties in Brown soil by microcalorimetry | 第52-53页 |
| Chapter 2 Oxidative enzymes the ultimate regulator: implications for factorsaffecting their efficiency | 第53-86页 |
| 2.1. Introduction | 第53-56页 |
| 2.2. Materials and Methods | 第56-63页 |
| 2.2.1. Soil sampling | 第56页 |
| 2.2.2. Soil sampling sites | 第56页 |
| 2.2.3. Experimental design | 第56-57页 |
| 2.2.4. Analyses of soil and organic amendments | 第57-60页 |
| 2.2.4.1. Soil texture | 第57-58页 |
| 2.2.4.2. Electrical conductivity (EC) | 第58页 |
| 2.2.4.3. Soil pH | 第58页 |
| 2.2.4.4. Soil organic matter (SOM) | 第58-59页 |
| 2.2.4.5. Organic matter contents of the organic materials | 第59页 |
| 2.2.4.6. Available phosphorous | 第59页 |
| 2.2.4.7. Available nitrogen | 第59页 |
| 2.2.4.8. Total nitrogen | 第59-60页 |
| 2.2.4.9. Total phosphorous | 第60页 |
| 2.2.4.10. Amounts of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin | 第60页 |
| 2.2.5. Soil enzyme activities | 第60-62页 |
| 2.2.6. Soil C and N mineralization | 第62页 |
| 2.2.7. Soil dissolved organic matter | 第62页 |
| 2.2.8. Soil phenolic compounds, amino acids and reducing sugars | 第62-63页 |
| 2.2.9. Statistical analysis | 第63页 |
| 2.3. Results | 第63-81页 |
| 2.3.1. Oxidative enzyme activities | 第63-66页 |
| 2.3.2. Hydrolytic enzyme activities | 第66-68页 |
| 2.3.3. Total organic matter and dissolved organic matter | 第68-72页 |
| 2.3.4. C and N mineralization | 第72-74页 |
| 2.3.5. Phenolic compounds, amino acids and reducing sugars | 第74-78页 |
| 2.3.6. Soil pH | 第78-80页 |
| 2.3.7. Correlation analysis | 第80-81页 |
| 2.4. Discussion | 第81-85页 |
| 2.4.1. Oxidative and hydrolytic enzymes and organic matter decomposition | 第81-84页 |
| 2.4.2. Predominating factors affecting oxidative and hydrolytic enzymes activity | 第84-85页 |
| 2.5. Conclusions | 第85-86页 |
| Chapter 3 Microcalorimetric evaluation of microbiological properties in Red soil | 第86-110页 |
| 3.1. Introduction | 第86-88页 |
| 3.2. Materiials and Methods | 第88-94页 |
| 3.2.1. Soil sampling and collection site | 第88页 |
| 3.2.2. Experimental layout | 第88-89页 |
| 3.2.3. Analyses of soil and organic amendments | 第89-91页 |
| 3.2.4. Analysis of Soil microbial biomass | 第91-92页 |
| 3.2.5. Analysis of soil microbial population | 第92页 |
| 3.2.6. Microcalorimetry | 第92-94页 |
| 3.2.7. Statistical analyses | 第94页 |
| 3.3. Results | 第94-103页 |
| 3.3.1. Soil redox potential(Eh)under plant residues and dogmatic watergradients | 第94-95页 |
| 3.3.2. Soil microbial biomass and its links with microcalorimetric parameters | 第95-97页 |
| 3.3.3. MBC/MBN ratio plant residues and dogmatic water gradients | 第97-98页 |
| 3.3.4. Soil microbial communities and their correlations with microcalorimetricparameters | 第98-100页 |
| 3.3.5.1 Microcalorimetric parameters under organic manipulation and stringentwater regimes | 第100-103页 |
| 3.4. Discussion | 第103-109页 |
| 3.4.1. Microcalorimetric parameters as indices of soil microbial properties | 第103-105页 |
| 3.4.2. Microcalorimetric parameters as influenced by organic treatments andwater gradients | 第105-106页 |
| 3.4.3. Impact of organic amendments and water regimes on soil microbia properties | 第106-109页 |
| 3.5. Conclusions | 第109-110页 |
| Chapter 4 Estimation of enzymatic and biochemical properties in Brown soil bymicrocalorimetry | 第110-142页 |
| 4.1. Introduction | 第110-113页 |
| 4.2. Materials and Methods | 第113-117页 |
| 4.2.1. Soil sampling | 第113页 |
| 4.2.2. Experimental design | 第113-114页 |
| 4.2.3. Analyses of soil and organic amendments | 第114-115页 |
| 4.2.4. Soil enzyme activities | 第115页 |
| 4.2.5. Soil microbial biomass and population | 第115-116页 |
| 4.2.6. Soil C and N mineralization | 第116页 |
| 4.2.7. Soil dissolved organic matter | 第116页 |
| 4.2.8. Microcalorimetry | 第116-117页 |
| 4.2.9. Statistical analysis | 第117页 |
| 4.3 Results | 第117-133页 |
| 4.3.1. Soil enzymatic activities under organic manipulation and water regimes | 第117-121页 |
| 4.3.2. Soil microbial biomass and ratio under organic manipulation and waterregimes | 第121-123页 |
| 4.3.3. Soil microbial population under organic manipulation and water regimes | 第123-125页 |
| 4.3.4. Relationship of soil enzymatic and microbial activities withmicrocalorimetric parameters | 第125-127页 |
| 4.3.5. Soil chemical properties under organic manipulation and water regimes | 第127-130页 |
| 4.3.6. Soil chemical properties and their association to microcalorimetricparameters | 第130-131页 |
| 4.3.7. Microcalorimetric parameters under organic manipulation and waterregimes | 第131-133页 |
| 4.4. Discussion | 第133-141页 |
| 4.4.1. Microcalorimetric parameters as indices of soil enzymatic, microbial andchemical properties | 第133-138页 |
| 4.4.2. Impact of organic amendments and water regimes on soil enzymatic,microbial and chemical properties | 第138-141页 |
| 4.5. Conclusions | 第141-142页 |
| Chapter 5 Concluding Remarks and Perspectives | 第142-146页 |
| References | 第146-176页 |
| ACKNOWLEDGEMENT | 第176-178页 |
| LIST OF PUBLICATIONS | 第178页 |
