| 摘要 | 第7-8页 |
| ABSTRACT | 第8-9页 |
| LIST OF ACRONYMS | 第10-11页 |
| 1. LITERATURE REVIEW | 第11-49页 |
| 1.1 POLYPLOIDIZATION | 第11页 |
| 1.2 DISTRIBUTION OF POLYPLOIDS | 第11-13页 |
| 1.3 ALLOPOLYPLOIDIZATION | 第13-14页 |
| 1.4 COMPARISON BETWEEN NATURAL AND SYNHETIC ALLOPOLYPLOIDS | 第14-15页 |
| 1.5 COMPARISON BETWEEN HYBRIDIZATION AND WHOLE GENOME DUPLICATION | 第15-18页 |
| 1.6 ADVANTAGES OF POLYPLOIDS | 第18-21页 |
| 1.7 DISADVANTAGES OF POLYPLOIDS | 第21页 |
| 1.8 GENETIC CHANGES IN POLYPLOIDS | 第21-24页 |
| 1.9 GENE EXPRESSION CHANGES IN POLYPLOIDS | 第24-29页 |
| 1.10 TRANSPOSON ACTIVATION IN POLYPLOIDS | 第29-31页 |
| 1.11 EPIGENETIC PERTURBATION IN POLYPLOIDS | 第31-38页 |
| 1.11.1 DNA methylation and histone modification | 第32-36页 |
| 1.11.2 Nucleolar dominance in hybrids | 第36-38页 |
| 1.12 NO CLEAR DISTINCTION BETWEEN SOME GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC CHANGES | 第38页 |
| 1.13 DIFFERENTIAL INTENSITY OF GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC CHANGES IN THE SAMEPOLYPLOIDS | 第38-39页 |
| 1.14 ANEUPLOIDY | 第39-45页 |
| 1.14.1 Generation of aneuploids | 第40-41页 |
| 1.14.2 Aneuploidy in animals | 第41页 |
| 1.14.3 Aneuploidy in plants | 第41-43页 |
| 1.14.4 Impact of aneuploidy on gene expression | 第43-44页 |
| 1.14.5 Detrimental effects of aneuploidy on cell physiology | 第44-45页 |
| 1.14.6 Beneficial effects of aneuploidy | 第45页 |
| 1.15 BRASSICA CROP SPECIES AS A MODEL SYSTEM FOR STUDYING POLYPLOIDIZATION | 第45-49页 |
| 2. GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC CHANGES IN OILSEED RAPE (BRASSICA NAPUS L.) EXTRACTED FROM INTERGENERIC ALLOPOLYPLOID ANDADDITIONS WITH ORYCHOPHRAGMUS | 第49-79页 |
| 2.1 MATERIALS AND METHODS | 第51-64页 |
| 2.1.1 Plant materials | 第51-55页 |
| 2.1.2 Methodology | 第55-64页 |
| 2.2 RESULTS | 第64-73页 |
| 2.2.1 Phenotype and fertility of B. napus plants extracted from alien additions | 第64页 |
| 2.2.2 AFLP analysis of genomic changes in the extracted B. napus plants | 第64-67页 |
| 2.2.3 SSAP analysis of transposon variations in the extracted B. napus plants | 第67-69页 |
| 2.2.4 DNA methylation alteration in novel B. napus | 第69-73页 |
| 2.3 DISCUSSION | 第73-79页 |
| 3. GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC CHANGES IN THE RESTITUTED BRASSICARAPA ANCESTOR FROM ALLOTETRAPLOID B. NAPUS | 第79-96页 |
| 3.1 MATERIALS AND METHODS | 第80-83页 |
| 3.1.1 Plant materials | 第80-82页 |
| 3.1.2 Methodology | 第82-83页 |
| 3.2 RESULTS | 第83-90页 |
| 3.2.1 AFLP analysis of genomic changes in the extracted B. rapa | 第83页 |
| 3.2.2 Retrotransposon alterations revealed by SSAP in the extracted B. rapa | 第83-87页 |
| 3.2.3 Extensive DNA methylation changes in B. rapa-type line | 第87-90页 |
| 3.3 DISCUSSION | 第90-96页 |
| LITERATURE CITED | 第96-120页 |
| 4. SUMMARY | 第120-122页 |
| 4.1 NEW FINDINGS | 第120页 |
| 4.2 FUTURE PERSPECTIVE | 第120-122页 |
| ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 第122-125页 |
| SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIALS | 第125-128页 |
| Author Introduction | 第128页 |
| Research Publications | 第128-129页 |
| Awards | 第129-130页 |
