| 摘要 | 第5-6页 |
| ABSTRACT | 第6-7页 |
| CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION | 第10-17页 |
| 1.1 Research background | 第10-13页 |
| 1.2 Overseas and domestic research status | 第13-15页 |
| 1.3 Research objectives | 第15-16页 |
| 1.4 Structure of the dissertation | 第16-17页 |
| CHAPTER 2 BACKGROUND OF ELECTRONIC CHART DISPLAY ANDINFORMATION SYSTEM AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM | 第17-25页 |
| 2.1 Map projection and ice objects in recent ECDIS Specifications | 第17-22页 |
| 2.1.1 IHO S-52 | 第18页 |
| 2.1.2 IHO S-57 | 第18-19页 |
| 2.1.3 IHO S-100 | 第19-20页 |
| 2.1.4 IHO S-101 | 第20-22页 |
| 2.2 Geographic Information System(GIS) | 第22-25页 |
| CHAPTER 3 CHALLENGES OF THE HIGH LATITUDE SEA AREAS TO ECDIS | 第25-35页 |
| 3.1 The factors of the high latitude sea areas that affect ECDIS | 第25-26页 |
| 3.2 The issues of ENCs charting on the high latitude sea areas | 第26-32页 |
| 3.3 The need of new visualization of iceobjects in ECDIS | 第32-35页 |
| CHAPTER 4 RESEARCH ON RESTRICTION OF MERCATOR PROJECTION ANDSUGGESTION FOR AN APPROPRIATE PROJECTION FOR ECDIS ON THE HIGHLATITUDE SEA AREAS | 第35-63页 |
| 4.1 Requirements of map projections for ECDIS on the high latitude sea areas | 第35-42页 |
| 4.1.1 Guidance on selecting a map projection | 第35-38页 |
| 4.1.2 The criteria of map projections for ECDIS on the high latitude sea areas | 第38-39页 |
| 4.1.3 Distortions of a projection | 第39-42页 |
| 4.2 Research on the restriction of Mercator projection on the high latitudes sea areas | 第42-47页 |
| 4.2.1 Primary features of Mercator projection | 第42-43页 |
| 4.2.2 Distortions of Mercator projection on the high latitude sea areas | 第43-47页 |
| 4.3 Research on an appropriate map projection for ECDIS on the high latitude sea areas | 第47-61页 |
| 4.3.1 Preliminary evaluation of initial families of map projections | 第48-51页 |
| 4.3.2 The calculation and analysis of numerical distortions of the Azimuthal Projections | 第51-57页 |
| 4.3.3 Results of numerical analysis and comparative study | 第57-61页 |
| 4.4 Summary | 第61-63页 |
| CHAPTER 5 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DISPLAYING COLOURS OF ICEOBJECTS IN ECDIS | 第63-79页 |
| 5.1 The nature of ice at sea | 第63-66页 |
| 5.1.1 Sea ice | 第63-64页 |
| 5.1.2 Iceberg | 第64-66页 |
| 5.2 Ice information services | 第66-69页 |
| 5.2.1 Egg code | 第66-68页 |
| 5.2.2 Ice Chart Colour Code Standard | 第68-69页 |
| 5.2.3 Electronic Chart Systems Ice Objects Catalogue | 第69页 |
| 5.3 Recommendation of colours for ice objects in ECDIS | 第69-74页 |
| 5.3.1 Principles for colours of ice objects in ECDIS | 第69-72页 |
| 5.3.2 Recommended colours for ice objects in ECDIS | 第72-74页 |
| 5.4 The employed software and data encoding to test | 第74-78页 |
| 5.4.1 The data encoding | 第74-75页 |
| 5.4.2 Overview of the ice objects with the recommended colours | 第75-78页 |
| 5.5 Summary | 第78-79页 |
| CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS | 第79-82页 |
| 6.1 Results discussion | 第79-81页 |
| 6.2 Contribution | 第81-82页 |
| REFERENCES | 第82-87页 |
| ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 第87-88页 |
| 作者简介 | 第88页 |
