| 摘要 | 第1-6页 |
| ABSTRACT | 第6-11页 |
| CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION | 第11-17页 |
| ·The purpose of the study | 第11-12页 |
| ·Research questions | 第12-13页 |
| ·Methodology | 第13-14页 |
| ·Assumption | 第14页 |
| ·Layout of this paper | 第14-17页 |
| CHAPTER 2 RELATED RESEARCHES | 第17-30页 |
| ·Sense formation and extension | 第17-24页 |
| ·Related studies of sense formation | 第17-18页 |
| ·Related studies of sense extension | 第18-21页 |
| ·Related studies through diachronic approach | 第18-20页 |
| ·Related studies by Xunguxue in China | 第20-21页 |
| ·Sense extension and polysemy | 第21-22页 |
| ·Evaluation of previous studies | 第22-23页 |
| ·Cognitive study of sense extension | 第23-24页 |
| ·Sense formation and extension of spatial prepositions | 第24-30页 |
| ·Spatial prepositions and sense formation | 第24-26页 |
| ·English prepositions | 第24-25页 |
| ·Spatial prepositions and sense formation | 第25-26页 |
| ·Related studies of sense extension of spatial preposition | 第26-30页 |
| ·Arbitrariness of sense extension | 第26-27页 |
| ·Motivation of sense extension | 第27-28页 |
| ·Studies by Tyler and Vyvyan | 第28-29页 |
| ·Brief summary | 第29-30页 |
| CHAPTER 3 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK | 第30-51页 |
| ·Overview | 第30-31页 |
| ·Relevant theories concerning sense formation | 第31-41页 |
| ·Category - the result of categorization of the world | 第31-34页 |
| ·Classical category | 第31-32页 |
| ·Prototype category | 第32-34页 |
| ·Features of prototype category | 第33页 |
| ·Significance of prototype category | 第33-34页 |
| ·Gestalt principles and family resemblance | 第34-36页 |
| ·Gestalt principles | 第35页 |
| ·Family resemblance | 第35-36页 |
| ·Image schema | 第36-41页 |
| ·Formation of image schema | 第36-37页 |
| ·Definition of image schema | 第37页 |
| ·Difference among image, image schema and proposition | 第37-38页 |
| ·Image schema — a gestalt prototype | 第38-39页 |
| ·Structure of image schema and it's properties | 第39-40页 |
| ·Structure of image schema | 第39-40页 |
| ·Properties of image schema | 第40页 |
| ·Role played by image schema | 第40-41页 |
| ·Relevant theories concerning sense extension | 第41-46页 |
| ·Metonymy | 第41-42页 |
| ·Metaphor | 第42-46页 |
| ·Conceptual metaphor in cognitive semantics | 第43-44页 |
| ·Cognitive foundation of metaphorical mapping | 第44-45页 |
| ·The principle of metaphorical mapping | 第45-46页 |
| ·Theoretical framework of sense formation and extension | 第46-48页 |
| ·Route of sense formation | 第46-47页 |
| ·Route of sense extension | 第47-48页 |
| ·Summary | 第48-51页 |
| CHAPTER 4 CASE STUDY OF OVER (PREP.) | 第51-81页 |
| ·Formation of the proto-sense (or primary sense) | 第51-59页 |
| ·Empirical evidence for primary sense formation | 第52-55页 |
| ·Formation of spatial scene | 第52-53页 |
| ·Formation of proto-scene | 第53-54页 |
| ·Formation of proto-scene for over (prep.) | 第54-55页 |
| ·Formation of proto-sense (primary sense) of over (prep.) | 第55页 |
| ·Linguistic evidence for primary sense | 第55-59页 |
| ·Five criteria for determining primary sense | 第56页 |
| ·Application of five criteria to over | 第56-59页 |
| ·Sense extension of over (prep.) | 第59-72页 |
| ·Spatial sense extensions | 第59-66页 |
| ·Detailed analysis of spatial sense extension of over (prep.) | 第60-66页 |
| ·Brief summary | 第66页 |
| ·Metaphorical sense extensions | 第66-72页 |
| ·Detailed analysis of metaphorical sense extension of over (prep.) | 第67-71页 |
| ·Brief summary | 第71-72页 |
| ·Relatedness among senses of over (prep.) | 第72-81页 |
| ·Relatedness between spatial senses and the primary sense | 第72-76页 |
| ·Detailed analysis of the relatedness | 第74-76页 |
| ·Sketch of relationship of spatial senses | 第76页 |
| ·Relatedness between spatial senses and metaphorical senses | 第76-81页 |
| ·Detailed analysis of the relatedness | 第77-79页 |
| ·Sketch of relatedness between spatial senses and metaphorical senses | 第79-81页 |
| CHAPTER 5 IMPLICATIONS FOR SENSE ARRANGEMENT | 第81-93页 |
| ·From theoretical research to lexicographic practice | 第81页 |
| ·Review of sense arrangement | 第81-87页 |
| ·Three principles in sense arrangement | 第82-84页 |
| ·Brief summary of three principles | 第84-85页 |
| ·"Sense menu" from Lighthouse and the inspiration | 第85-87页 |
| ·Arrangement of senses of over (prep.) in OALECD | 第87-88页 |
| ·Sample of a new representation of senses of over (prep.) | 第88-89页 |
| ·Significance | 第89-93页 |
| CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSIONS AND PROBLEMS | 第93-96页 |
| ·Conclusions | 第93-94页 |
| ·Some remaining problems and future researches | 第94-96页 |
| Bibliography | 第96-101页 |
