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灌溉模式对华北地区麦田温室气体排放的影响

中文摘要第6-8页
Abstract第8-10页
Abbreviation第17-19页
Chapter1 Introduction第19-32页
    1.1 Background第19-22页
        1.1.1 Challenges of crop production in China第19-22页
    1.2 GHG emissions and global climate change第22-25页
        1.2.1 Greenhouse gases and global warming potential第22-24页
        1.2.2 Agriculture and climate change第24页
        1.2.3 GHG emissions from agricultural sources第24-25页
        1.2.4 GHG emissions from crop production in China第25页
    1.3.GHG emissions and sustainable crop production in the NCP第25-30页
        1.3.1 Irrigation schedule第26-27页
        1.3.2 Irrigation and greenhouse gas emission第27-29页
        1.3.3.Impact of climate change on crop production in China and the NCP第29-30页
    1.4 Objectives of the dissertation第30-32页
Chapter2 Research Methodology第32-47页
    2.1 Experiment Site Description第32页
    2.2 Soil Specification第32-34页
    2.3 Tillage and Seeding第34页
    2.4 Experiment Design第34-40页
        2.4.1 Irrigation treatment design第34-35页
        2.4.2 Field layout第35-37页
        2.4.3 Irrigation treatment management第37页
        2.4.4 Irrigation system design第37-40页
            2.4.4.1 Sprinkler irrigation(S)第38-39页
            2.4.4.2 Surface drip irrigation(D)第39页
            2.4.4.3 Flood irrigation(F)第39-40页
    2.5 Methodology第40-41页
        2.5.1 Soil water balance第40-41页
        2.5.2 Water use evaluation第41页
        2.5.3 Harvesting第41页
    2.6 Installation of Measurement Tools and Markers第41页
    2.7 Crop Management第41-42页
    2.8 GHG measurement第42-44页
        2.8.1 Chamber method operating principle第42页
        2.8.2 Chamber components,design,and dimension第42-43页
        2.8.3 Chamber deployment第43-44页
        2.8.4 Gas sampling and storage第44页
        2.8.5 Analysis of gas samples第44页
    2.9 Flux and emission calculations第44-46页
        2.9.1 Emission Factor(EF%)第45页
        2.9.2 Cumulative emission amount第45页
        2.9.3 Global warming potential measurement and yield-scaled GWP estimates第45-46页
        2.9.4 Soil moisture,temperature,and N content measurement第46页
    2.10 Statistical Analysis and Evaluation第46-47页
Chapter3 Yield and Irrigation Efficiencies Under Different Irrigation Models第47-57页
    3.1 Introduction第47-49页
    3.2 Experimental Results and Discussions第49-55页
        3.2.1.Soil water balance第49-50页
        3.2.2.Grain Yield第50-52页
        3.2.3 Biomass and harvest index第52页
        3.2.4 Water use efficiency(WUE)第52-54页
        3.2.5 IWUE第54-55页
        3.2.6 Evaluation of irrigation models efficiencies第55页
    3.3 Conclusion第55-57页
Chapter4 Soil CO_2 Emissions Under Different Irrigation Models第57-69页
    4.1.Introduction第57-58页
        4.1.1 Effects of soil water content on CO_2 emissions第58页
        4.1.2 Effects of soil temperature on CO_2 emissions第58页
    4.2 Experimental Results第58-65页
        4.2.1 Environmental Factors第58-59页
        4.2.2 Dynamics of soil moisture and soil temperature第59-60页
        4.2.3 Dynamics of soil mineral N第60-61页
        4.2.4 Effect of irrigation scheduling and irrigation methods on CO_2 emissions第61-65页
        4.2.5 Global Warming Potential of CO_2 emission(GWPCO2)第65页
    4.3 Factors controlling the CO_2 emissions第65-67页
    4.4 Soil inorganic nitrogen第67-68页
    4.5 Conclusion第68-69页
Chapter5 Soil CH_4 Emissions Under Different Irrigation Models第69-76页
    5.1第69-70页
        5.1.1 Introduction第69页
        5.1.2 Effect of soil water content on the CH_4 emissions/uptake第69-70页
        5.1.3 Effect of soil temperature on CH_4 uptake/emissions第70页
    5.2 Experimental Results第70-74页
        5.2.1 Effect of irrigation scheduling and irrigation methods on the CH_4 uptake第70-73页
        5.2.2 Global Warming Potential of CH_4 uptake(GWPCH_4)第73-74页
    5.3 Discussion第74-75页
        5.3.1 Factors controlling the CH_4 uptake第74-75页
    5.4 Conclusion第75-76页
Chapter6 Soil N_2O Emission Under Different Irrigation Models第76-90页
    6.1第76-81页
        6.1.1 Introduction第76-77页
        6.1.2 Nitrification第77页
        6.1.3 Denitrification第77-78页
        6.1.4 Effect of soil water content on N_2O emission第78-79页
        6.1.5 Effect of Soil Temperature on N_2O emission第79页
        6.1.6 Effect of fertilization on N_2O emission第79-80页
        6.1.7 Effect of Soil pH on N_2O emission第80-81页
    6.2 Experimental Results第81-86页
        6.2.1 Effect of irrigation scheduling and irrigation methods on N_2O emission第81-85页
        6.2.2 Global Warming Potential of N_2O emission(GWPN_2O)第85-86页
    6.3 Discussion第86-89页
        6.3.1.Factors regulating the N_2O fluxes第86-89页
        6.3.2 Global warming potential(GWPN_2O)第89页
    6.4 Conclusion第89-90页
Chapter7 Total GWP Under Different Irrigation Models第90-99页
    7.1 Introduction第90-91页
    7.2 Sources of GWP in agricultural ecosystems第91-94页
        7.2.1 Soil C change第91-92页
        7.2.2 Nitrogen fertilizer第92页
        7.2.3 Nitrous Oxide第92-93页
        7.2.4 Methane第93页
        7.2.5 Irrigation第93-94页
        7.2.6 Fuel第94页
    7.3 Experimental Results第94-96页
        7.3.1 Total Global Warming Potential第94-95页
        7.3.2 Relationship between TGWP and the total amount of irrigation第95-96页
        7.3.3 Yield-scaled GWP第96页
    7.4第96-98页
        7.4.1 Factors influencing on the Total Global Warming Potential(TGWP)第96-97页
        7.4.2 Factors influencing on the Yield-scaled GWP第97-98页
    7.5 Conclusion第98-99页
Chapter8 Conclusion and Recommendations第99-101页
    8.1第99-101页
        8.1.1 General conclusion第99-100页
        8.1.2 Recommendations第100-101页
References第101-129页
Acknowledgement第129-131页
Author's iography第131-133页

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