| 中文简明摘要 | 第9-14页 |
| Abstract | 第14-21页 |
| Abbreviations Index | 第22-23页 |
| CHAPTER 1 | 第23-42页 |
| 1.1 Introduction | 第23-26页 |
| 1.2 Review of Literature | 第26-42页 |
| 1.2.1 Rice grain as source of food | 第26-27页 |
| 1.2.2 The rice plant | 第27-28页 |
| 1.2.3 Cold stress | 第28-31页 |
| 1.2.4 Silicon | 第31-34页 |
| 1.2.5 Rice a typical silicon accumulator plant | 第34-36页 |
| 1.2.6 Silicon transporters | 第36页 |
| 1.2.7 Low silicon rice 1(LSi1) | 第36-42页 |
| CHAPTER 2 Study on silicon uptake in regulation of LSil overexpression under cold stress | 第42-58页 |
| 2.1 Introduction | 第42-43页 |
| 2.2 Materials and Methods | 第43-49页 |
| 2.2.1 Detection of LSi1 expression through semi-quantitative PCR | 第43-44页 |
| 2.2.2 Detection of leaf silicon deposition | 第44-45页 |
| 2.2.3 Thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR (TAIL PCR) | 第45-47页 |
| 2.2.4 Observation of Silica Bodies through Confocal Microscopy | 第47页 |
| 2.2.5 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for leaf silica deposition | 第47页 |
| 2.2.6 Temporal silicon uptake in regulation of LSi1 overexpression | 第47-48页 |
| 2.2.7 LSi1 relative expression in response to different silicon nutrition levels | 第48-49页 |
| 2.3 Results | 第49-55页 |
| 2.3.1 Phenotypic response in regulation of LSi1 overexpression | 第49-50页 |
| 2.3.2 LSi1 gene integration into non-coding region of Dular genome | 第50页 |
| 2.3.3 LSi1 overexpression induced silicon deposition in motor cells of TD leaf | 第50-51页 |
| 2.3.4 LSi1 overexpression induced silica-cuticle bilayer in TD leaf | 第51-53页 |
| 2.3.5 LSi1 overexpression induced competency in temporal silicon uptake of TD | 第53-54页 |
| 2.3.6 LSi1 expressional competency of TD root in response to varying silicon dose | 第54-55页 |
| 2.4 Discussion | 第55-58页 |
| CHAPTER 3 Role of LSi1 overexpression in regulation of physiological responses under cold stress | 第58-71页 |
| 3.1 Introduction | 第58-59页 |
| 3.2 Materials and Methods | 第59-62页 |
| 3.2.1 Electrolyte leakage test: | 第59页 |
| 3.2.2 Relative water content (RWC) measurement | 第59-60页 |
| 3.2.3 Chlorophyll content determination | 第60页 |
| 3.2.4 Enzyme Assays | 第60-62页 |
| 3.3 Results | 第62-68页 |
| 3.3.1 LSi1 overexpression induced membrane integrity in TD leaf cells | 第62-65页 |
| 3.3.2 LSi1 overexpression assisted TD leaf cells RWC% stability | 第65页 |
| 3.3.3 LSi1 overexpression induced chlorophyll content in TD leaf | 第65页 |
| 3.3.4 LSi1 overexpression induced TD leaf cells antioxidative enzymes' activity | 第65-68页 |
| 3.4 Discussion | 第68-71页 |
| CHAPTER 4 Study of cold induced proteome cascade in regulation of LSil overexpression | 第71-111页 |
| 4.1 Quantitative proteomics study on LSi1 in regulation of rice (Oryza sativa L.)coldresistance using Tandem mass tags (TMT) labeling | 第72-86页 |
| 4.1.1 Brief Introduction of TMT | 第72-73页 |
| 4.1.2 Materials and Methods | 第73-75页 |
| 4.1.2.1 Plant growth and treatment conditions | 第73页 |
| 4.1.2.2 Protein Extraction from whole seedling | 第73-74页 |
| 4.1.2.3 Protein Digestion and Peptide Labelling by 2-plex TMT | 第74-75页 |
| 4.1.2.4 MS/MS Analysis | 第75页 |
| 4.1.2.5 Gene Ontology Analysis | 第75页 |
| 4.1.3 Results | 第75-79页 |
| 4.1.3.1 Proteins Functional Categorization | 第75-76页 |
| 4.1.3.2 Primary cold stress responsive proteins | 第76-77页 |
| 4.1.3.3 Secondary cold stress responsive proteins | 第77-79页 |
| 4.1.4 Discussion | 第79-86页 |
| 4.1.4.1 LSi1 overexpression induced photosynthetic proteins in TD seedling | 第80页 |
| 4.1.4.2 LSi1 overexpression induced defense network in TD seedling | 第80-82页 |
| 4.1.4.3 LSi1 overexpression induced root hydraulic strength in TD seedling | 第82-84页 |
| 4.1.4.4 LSi1 overexpression triggered cell wall defense in TD seedling | 第84页 |
| 4.1.4.5 LSi1 overexpression triggered C and N metabolism in TD seedling | 第84-85页 |
| 4.1.4.6 LSi1 overexpression triggered protein metabolism in TD seedling | 第85-86页 |
| 4.2 Comparative proteomics study on LSi1 in regulation of rice (Oryza sativa L.) coldresistance | 第86-111页 |
| 4.2.1 Brief Introduction | 第86-87页 |
| 4.2.2 Material and Methods | 第87-90页 |
| 4.2.2.1 Plant growth and treatment conditions | 第87页 |
| 4.2.2.2 Leaf protein extraction | 第87-88页 |
| 4.2.2.3 Root protein extraction | 第88-89页 |
| 4.2.2.4 Two dimensional electrophoresis | 第89页 |
| 4.2.2.5 In-gel protein digestion | 第89-90页 |
| 4.2.2.6 LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis and protein identification | 第90页 |
| 4.2.2.7 Data Analysis | 第90页 |
| 4.2.3 Results | 第90-96页 |
| 4.2.3.1 Gene Ontology (GO) of Leaf Differential proteins | 第91-94页 |
| 4.2.3.1.1 Primary Stress Responsive Proteins (PSRP) | 第91页 |
| 4.2.3.1.2 Secondary Stress Responsive Proteins (SSRP) | 第91-94页 |
| 4.2.3.2 Gene Ontology (GO) of Root Differential proteins | 第94-96页 |
| 4.2.3.2.1 Primary Stress Responsive Proteins | 第94-95页 |
| 4.2.3.2.2 Secondary Stress Responsive Proteins | 第95-96页 |
| 4.2.4 Discussion | 第96-111页 |
| 4.2.4.1 Leaf response to cold stress in regulation of LSi1 overexpression | 第96-102页 |
| 4.2.4.1.1 LSi1 induced cold responsive G signaling network in Leaf | 第96页 |
| 4.2.4.1.2 LSi1 overexpression induced Leaf cold responsive redox homeostasis | 第96-98页 |
| 4.2.4.1.3 LSi1 overexpression induced defense proteins network in Leaf | 第98页 |
| 4.2.4.1.4 LSi1 overexpression induced mitochondrial proteins in Leaf | 第98-100页 |
| 4.2.4.1.5 LSi1 overexpression induced chloroplast proteins synthesis in Leaf | 第100页 |
| 4.2.4.1.6 LSi1 overexpression induced Leaf photosynthesis network | 第100-101页 |
| 4.2.4.1.7 LSi1 overexpression induced carbohydrate metabolism in Leaf | 第101-102页 |
| 4.2.4.2 Root response to cold stress in regulation of LSi1 overexpression | 第102-111页 |
| 4.2.4.2.1 LSi1 overexpression triggered signaling responsive proteins in Root | 第102-104页 |
| 4.2.4.2.2 LSi1 overexpression triggered redox responsive proteins in Root | 第104-106页 |
| 4.2.4.2.3 LSi1 overexpression triggered Root heat shock and GLPs proteins | 第106-109页 |
| 4.2.4.2.4 LSi1 overexpression triggered TCA cycle proteins in Root | 第109-107页 |
| 4.2.4.2.5 LSi1 overexpression triggered mitochondrial protein in Root | 第107-108页 |
| 4.2.4.2.6 LSi1 overexpression triggered Root cell wall proteins under cold stress | 第108-109页 |
| 4.2.4.2.7 LSi1 overexpression triggered transport proteins in Root | 第109-111页 |
| CHAPTER 5 mRNA relative expression of Cold Responsive Genes (CRG) triggered by LSi1overexpression | 第111-127页 |
| 5.1 Introduction | 第111页 |
| 5.2 Materials and Methods | 第111-113页 |
| 5.2.1 RNA Extraction (Takara) | 第112-113页 |
| 5.2.2 Complementary DNA (cDNA) synthesis; (Takara) | 第113页 |
| 5.2.3 Primers synthesis | 第113页 |
| 5.2.4 qPCR conditions | 第113页 |
| 5.3 Results | 第113-124页 |
| 5.3.1 cDNA synthesis | 第113-114页 |
| 5.3.2 mRNA study of LSi1 induced cold responsive genes in Leaf: | 第114-119页 |
| 5.3.2.1 Signalling responsive network study at mRNA level | 第114-117页 |
| 5.3.2.2 Redox responsive network study at mRNA level | 第117页 |
| 5.3.2.3 Stress responsive network study at mRNA level | 第117-118页 |
| 5.3.2.4 Chloroplast ribosomal protein network study at mRNA level | 第118页 |
| 5.3.2.5 Photosynthetic protein network study at mRNA level | 第118-119页 |
| 5.3.3 mRNA study of LSi1 induced cold responsive genes in Root: | 第119-124页 |
| 5.3.3.1 Signaling protein network study at mRNA level | 第120-121页 |
| 5.3.3.2 Redox protein network study at mRNA level | 第121页 |
| 5.3.3.3 Stress responsive network study at mRNA level | 第121-122页 |
| 5.3.3.4 Energy protein network study at mRNA level | 第122页 |
| 5.3.3.5 Aquaporins protein network study at mRNA level | 第122-124页 |
| 5.4 Discussion | 第124-127页 |
| CHAPTER 6 Western Blot of OsRAN2 nuclear membrane protein induced by LSil overexpression | 第127-132页 |
| 6.1 Introduction | 第127-128页 |
| 6.2 Material and Methods | 第128-129页 |
| 6.3 Results | 第129页 |
| 6.4 Discussion | 第129-132页 |
| CHAPTER 7 CONCLUSION | 第132-146页 |
| REFERENCES | 第146-157页 |
| 附件 | 第157-186页 |
| Achievements during the PhD thesis | 第186-187页 |
| Acknowledgements | 第187页 |
