| Acknowledgement | 第1-8页 |
| Abstract | 第8-9页 |
| Chapter One Introduction | 第9-12页 |
| 1．1 The Purpose of the Thesis | 第9-11页 |
| 1．2 The Structure of the Thesis | 第11-12页 |
| Chapter Two Literature Review | 第12-29页 |
| 2．1 Pragmatic Failure | 第12-14页 |
| 2．1．1 The Definition of Pragmatic Failure | 第12页 |
| 2．1．2 The Definition of Pragmalinguistic Failure | 第12-13页 |
| 2．1．3 The Definition of Sociopragmatic Failure | 第13页 |
| 2．1．4 The Supplementary Categories of Pragmatic Failures | 第13-14页 |
| 2．2 Pragmatic Transfer | 第14-18页 |
| 2．2．1 Interlanguage Pragmatics | 第14-15页 |
| 2．2．2 Language Transfer | 第15-16页 |
| 2．2．3 Pragmatic Transfer | 第16-18页 |
| 2．3 The "Compensation Hypothesis" | 第18-24页 |
| 2．3．1 The Two Paradoxes | 第18-19页 |
| 2．3．2 External and Internal Context | 第19-20页 |
| 2．3．3 The Compensation Hypothesis | 第20-23页 |
| 2．3．4 Language Transfer Analysis in terms of the Compensation Hypothesis | 第23-24页 |
| 2．4 Context of Culture | 第24-26页 |
| 2．4．1 The Definition of Context | 第24页 |
| 2．4．2 The Categories of context | 第24-25页 |
| 2．4．3 Context of culture | 第25-26页 |
| 2．5 Other Studies Concerned | 第26-29页 |
| Chapter Three The Research Method | 第29-34页 |
| 3．1 Hypothesis | 第29页 |
| 3．2 Subjects | 第29-30页 |
| 3．3 Instruments and Procedures | 第30-31页 |
| 3．3．1 Testing Paper | 第30-31页 |
| 3．3．2 Open Observation | 第31页 |
| 3．4 Procedures for Data-Collection | 第31-32页 |
| 3．5 Data-Analysis of Tesing Results | 第32-34页 |
| Chapter Four Analyses on Cross-Cultural Pragmatic Failures | 第34-56页 |
| 4．1 Cross-cultural Pragmatic Failures in Oral Communication | 第34-45页 |
| 4．1．1 Pragmatic Failures in the Context of Introduction and Greeting | 第34-35页 |
| 4．1．2 Pragmatic Failures in the Context of Addressing | 第35-36页 |
| 4．1．3 Pragmatic Failures in the Context of Inquiry and Request | 第36-37页 |
| 4．1．4 Pragmatic Failures in the Context of Invitation and Accepting Invitation | 第37-38页 |
| 4．1．5 Pragmatic Failures in the Context of Gratitude | 第38-40页 |
| 4．1．6 Pragmatic Failures in the Context of Complimentary | 第40-42页 |
| 4．1．7 Pragmatic Failures in the Context of Expressing Concern | 第42页 |
| 4．1．8 Pragmatic Failures in the Context of Refusal | 第42-43页 |
| 4．1．9 Pragmatic Failures in the Context of Telephone Talk | 第43-44页 |
| 4．1．10 Pragmatic Failures in the Context of Non-verbal Communication | 第44-45页 |
| 4．2 Cross-cultural Pragmatic Failures in Translation | 第45-55页 |
| 4．2．1 Pragmatic Failures in Vocabulary | 第45-49页 |
| 4．2．2 Pragmatic Failures in Grammar | 第49-54页 |
| 4．2．3 Pragmatic Failures in Coherence | 第54-55页 |
| 4．3 Conclusion | 第55-56页 |
| Chapter Five Discussion on Reasons Leading to IC Pragmatic Failures | 第56-69页 |
| 5．1 Analyses on IC Pragmatic Failures from the Perspective of the Four Theories | 第57-62页 |
| 5．1．1 Analysis on IC Pragmatic Failures in terms of Compensation Hypothesis | 第57-58页 |
| 5．1．2 Analysis on IC Pragmatic Failures in terms of Speech Act Theory | 第58-59页 |
| 5．1．3 Analysis on IC Pragmatic Failures in terms of Cooperative Principles | 第59-61页 |
| 5．1．4 Analysis on IC Pragmatic Failures in terms of Politeness Principles | 第61-62页 |
| 5．2 Analyses on IC Pragmatic Failures from the Perspective of Cognitive Schema | 第62-69页 |
| 5．2．1 Analysis on IC Pragmatic Failures in terms of Value System | 第63-65页 |
| 5．2．2 Analysis on IC Pragmatic Failures in terms of Conceptual System | 第65页 |
| 5．2．3 Analysis on IC Pragmatic Failures in terms of Thought Pattern | 第65-67页 |
| 5．2．4 Analysis on IC Pragmatic Failures in terms of Face System | 第67页 |
| 5．2．5 Analysis on IC Pragmatic Failures in terms of Cultural Tradition | 第67-69页 |
| Chapter Six Conclusion | 第69-84页 |
| 6．1 Implications in L2 Learning and Teaching | 第69-82页 |
| 6．1．1 Implications in Acculturation | 第69-79页 |
| 6．1．2 Implications in Context-Based Approach | 第79-82页 |
| 6．2 Limitations | 第82页 |
| 6．3 Recommendations | 第82-84页 |
| Bibliography | 第84-89页 |
| Appendix Ⅰ | 第89-93页 |
| Appendix Ⅱ | 第93-94页 |
| 西北工业大学 学位论文知识产权声明书 | 第94页 |
