| ABSTRACT | 第5-6页 |
| 摘要 | 第7-11页 |
| Chapter 1 General Introduction | 第11-21页 |
| 1.1 Introduction of heavy metals in the environment | 第11-15页 |
| 1.1.1 What is heavy metals | 第11页 |
| 1.1.2 Occurrence and environmental uses of heavy metals | 第11-13页 |
| 1.1.3 Heavy metals in diets and water | 第13-14页 |
| 1.1.4 Health risks | 第14-15页 |
| 1.2 Detection methods for heavy metals | 第15-17页 |
| 1.2.1 Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) | 第15页 |
| 1.2.2 Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICR/AES) | 第15-16页 |
| 1.2.3 Stripping voltammetry | 第16页 |
| 1.2.4 Electrochemical methods | 第16页 |
| 1.2.5 Drawbacks | 第16-17页 |
| 1.3 Organic sensors for heavy metal detection | 第17-21页 |
| 1.3.1 Optical sensor for the determination of heavy metals | 第17-18页 |
| 1.3.2 Optical biosensors | 第18页 |
| 1.3.3 Principles of optical chemical sensors/chemo-sensors | 第18-19页 |
| 1.3.4 Properties of an excellent optical chemical sensor | 第19-21页 |
| Chapter 2 Copper as trace transition metal and its detection by small organic probes | 第21-29页 |
| 2.1 Overview of Cu~(2+) | 第21页 |
| 2.2 Occurrence of Cu~(2+) | 第21-22页 |
| 2.3 Risks associated with copper pollution | 第22-23页 |
| 2.4 Instrumental detection methods for the analysis of Cu~(2+) | 第23页 |
| 2.5 Simple organic/inorganic probes for the detection of Cu~(2+) | 第23-28页 |
| 2.5.1 N-azo class of compounds as Cu~(2+) sensors | 第24页 |
| 2.5.2 Naphthalamide based Cu~(2+) sensors | 第24-25页 |
| 2.5.3 Oxadiazole and pyrazine heterocycles chemosensor for Cu~(2+) | 第25-26页 |
| 2.5.4 Ferrocene-based sensor for Cu~(2+) | 第26页 |
| 2.5.5 Anthraquinone derived sensor | 第26-27页 |
| 2.5.6 Squaraine-based chemosensor for Cu~(2+) | 第27页 |
| 2.5.7 Quinoline-indene derivative | 第27页 |
| 2.5.8 Coumarin pyridyl ketone | 第27-28页 |
| 2.6 Aims and objective of the current study | 第28-29页 |
| Chapter 3 Salicylaldehyde and dithiocarbazate based probe synthesis and application in colorimetric detection of Cu~(2+) | 第29-49页 |
| 3.1 Overview | 第29页 |
| 3.2 Experimental | 第29-32页 |
| 3.2.1 General information and materials | 第29-30页 |
| 3.2.2 Synthesis of Sal TCB | 第30-31页 |
| 3.2.3 Synthesis of Cu4(Sal TCB)4(SO4)2 (Sal TCB-Cu) | 第31页 |
| 3.2.4 Single crystal X-ray diffraction | 第31-32页 |
| 3.3 Results and Discussions | 第32-47页 |
| 3.3.1 Synthesis of the 2-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)- 1-methylhydrazine-1-carbodithioate (Sal TCB) | 第32-34页 |
| 3.3.2 Single crystal analysis and discussions | 第34-37页 |
| 3.3.3 IR analysis of Sal TCB and Sal TCB-Cu | 第37-38页 |
| 3.3.4 Naked eye response of Sal TCB to different metal ions | 第38-39页 |
| 3.3.5 Analysis of Sal TCB binding to Cu~(2+) by 1H NMR and HR-MS | 第39-41页 |
| 3.3.6 UV-vis spectroscopy analysis of response of Sal TCB to different metal ions | 第41页 |
| 3.3.7 UV-vis spectroscopic titration of Sal TCB with Cu~(2+) | 第41-43页 |
| 3.3.8 Calculation of the limit of detection (LOD) | 第43页 |
| 3.3.9 Binding ratios of Sal TCB and Cu~(2+) by Job’s plot | 第43-44页 |
| 3.3.10 Binding constant of Sal TCB and Cu~(2+) | 第44-45页 |
| 3.3.11 Recovery of Sal TCB using EDTANa2 | 第45页 |
| 3.3.12 Interference of commonly occurring competing metal ions | 第45-46页 |
| 3.3.13 Instant colorimetric detection kit designing | 第46-47页 |
| 3.4 Conclusion | 第47-49页 |
| Conclusion and future developments | 第49-51页 |
| Conclusion | 第49页 |
| Further developments | 第49-51页 |
| References | 第51-59页 |
| Acknowledgements | 第59-60页 |
| List of Publications | 第60-61页 |
| Resume of the author | 第61页 |
