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磷脂酶Cγ2和蛋白磷酸酶2ACα在B细胞自身免疫和早期发育中的作用

ABBREVIATIONS第7-11页
中文摘要第11-13页
ABSTRACT第13-15页
CHAPTER 1 General Introduction第16-63页
    1.1 B cell lineage development第18-28页
        1.1.1 Early B cell development第23-24页
            1.1.1.1 Pro-B cells第23-24页
            1.1.1.2 Pre-B cells第24页
        1.1.2 Immature B cells第24-26页
        1.1.3 B cells Maturation and differentiation in the periphery第26-28页
            1.1.3.1 Follicular B cell第26-27页
            1.1.3.2 Marginal zone B cell第27页
            1.1.3.3 B-1 B cells第27-28页
    1.2 PLCγ2 in lymphocyte development and function第28-36页
        1.2.1 The Structure of PLCγ第29-30页
        1.2.2 PLCγ2 in B cell development第30-36页
            1.2.2.1 BCR signaling and PLCγ2 pathway in B cell第30-35页
            1.2.2.2 PLCγ2 Biological Functions第35-36页
    1.3 B-cell anerge第36-48页
        1.3.1 Mechanisms of B cell tolerance第36-38页
        1.3.2 Characteristics of anergic B cells第38-40页
        1.3.3 The Hen-Egg-Lyzozyme-specific model第40-41页
        1.3.4 BCR Signaling in angeric B cell第41-46页
        1.3.5 Breaking anergy and autoimmune disease第46-48页
    REFERENCES第48-63页
CHAPTER 2 An Essential Role for Phospholipase Cγ2 in SelfAntigen-induced B Cell Anergy第63-111页
    2.1 INTRODCTION第64-68页
    2.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS第68-80页
        2.2.1 Buffers and solutions第68-69页
        2.2.2 Mice第69-70页
        2.2.3 Genotyping第70-71页
            2.2.3.1 DNA isolation第70页
            2.2.3.2 PCR第70-71页
        2.2.4 Flow cytometry第71-74页
            2.2.4.1 Antibodies第71-73页
            2.2.4.2 Staining for flow cytometry and analysis第73-74页
        2.2.5 TUNEL assay第74页
        2.2.6 BrdU incorporation assay第74-75页
        2.2.7 ELISA第75-76页
            2.2.7.1 Anti-dsDNA (IgM) antibody and anti-nuclear antibody (IgG)第75-76页
            2.2.7.2 ELISA for HEL-specific antibody (IgM)第76页
        2.2.8 Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stain第76-77页
        2.2.9 Western blot第77-79页
            2.2.9.1 Isolation of Splenic B Cells第77-78页
            2.2.9.2 Immunoblotting and Immunoprecipitation第78-79页
        2.2.10 Statistical Analysis第79-80页
    2.3 RESULTS第80-96页
        2.3.1 Marked reduction of anergic B cells in PLCγ2-deficient mice第80-83页
        2.3.2 Increased apoptosis leads to reduced anergic B cells in PLCγ2-deficientmice第83-85页
        2.3.3 Evidence of autoimmunity in PLCγ2-deficient mice第85-89页
        2.3.4 Impaired induction of anergy by self antigen in the absence of PLCγ2第89-93页
        2.3.5 Enhanced BCR-proximal signaling in the absence of PLCγ2第93-96页
    2.4 DISCUSSION第96-101页
    REFERENCES第101-111页
CHAPTER 3 Protein Phosphatease 2ACa in B Cell Early Development第111-139页
    3.1 INTRODCTION第112-116页
    3.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS第116-121页
        3.2.1 Mice第116页
        3.2.2 Induction of PP2Aca Deletion by Mx1-Cre第116-117页
        3.2.3 Gentyping第117页
        3.2.4 Induced deletion efficiency analyses of PP2Aca by genomic DNA PCR andRT-PCR第117-118页
            3.2.4.1 DNA extraction and PCR of genomic DNA第117页
            3.2.4.2 Isolation of total RNA第117-118页
            3.2.4.3 RT-PCR第118页
        3.2.5 PP2Ac enzymatic activity determination第118-119页
            3.2.5.1 Protein purification第118页
            3.2.5.2 PP2A enzymatic activity detection第118-119页
        3.2.6 Flow cytometry第119-121页
    3.3 RESULTS第121-131页
        3.3.1 The efficiency of induced Cre-mediated deletion of a target gene第121-123页
        3.3.2 PP2Ac enzymatic activity is decreased in conditional PP2ACaSplenocytes第123-124页
        3.3.3 Impaired development of B cells in conditional PP2ACa knockoutmice第124-131页
    3.4 DISCUSSION第131-133页
    REFERENCES第133-139页
PUBLICATIONS第139-141页
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS第141-142页

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