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香丝草提取物的生物活性以及对HepG2细胞抗氧化活性的影响

Acknowledgements第5-7页
Dedication第7-12页
List of abbreviations第12-14页
Abstract第14-16页
摘要第17-25页
Chapter 1 General Introduction and Review Relevant Literature第25-44页
    1.1. Introduction第25-26页
    1.2. Conyza bonariensis第26-28页
    1.3. Phenolics compounds第28-29页
    1.4. Flavonoids第29-30页
    1.5. Tannins第30-31页
    1.6. Anthocyanin第31-32页
    1.7. Antioxidant activity第32-35页
        1.7.1. Mechanism of antioxidants第32-33页
        1.7.2. Antioxidant activity using (DPPH) radical scavenging第33-34页
        1.7.3. Antioxidant activity using β-carotene bleaching assay第34-35页
        1.7.4. Antioxidant activity using reducing power第35页
    1.8. Macroporous resin第35页
    1.9. Antibacterial activity第35-36页
    1.10. Antioxidants and health第36页
    1.11. Hep G2 cells第36-37页
    1.12. Significance of research topic第37-38页
    1.13. Objectives of this research第38页
        1.13.1. Main objective第38页
        1.13.2. Specific objectives第38页
    1.14. References第38-44页
Chapter 2. Comparative Study on Phenolic Compounds, Antioxidant andAntibacterial Activities of Extract from Seven Yemeni Plants第44-62页
    2.1. Introduction第44-45页
    2.2. Material and methods第45-51页
        2.2.1. Chemicals and machine第45页
        2.2.2. Plant materials第45-46页
        2.2.3. Preparation of extracts第46页
        2.2.4. Total phenols (TP)第46-47页
        2.2.5. Total flavonoids (TF)第47页
        2.2.6. Total tannins (TT)第47-48页
        2.2.7. Total anthocyanin (TA)第48-49页
        2.2.8. Antioxidant activity of extracts第49-50页
        2.2.9. Microbial strains and media第50页
        2.2.10. Determination of antibacterial activity第50页
        2.2.11. Statistical analysis第50-51页
    2.3. Results and discussion第51-58页
        2.3.1. Total phenolics and total flavonoids第51-52页
        2.3.2. Total tannins and total anthocyanins第52页
        2.3.3. Antioxidant activity using (DPPH) radical scavenging第52-54页
        2.3.4. Antioxidant activity using β-carotene bleaching assay第54-55页
        2.3.5. Antibacterial activity第55-58页
    2.4. Conclusion第58页
    2.5. References第58-62页
Chapter 3. GC/MS Analysis of Essential Oil of Conyza bonariensis第62-76页
    3.1. Introduction第62页
    3.2. Material and methods第62-65页
        3.2.1. Chemicals and machine第62-63页
        3.2.2. Plant collection and identification第63页
        3.2.3. Preparation of essential oil第63页
        3.2.4. Analysis of the essential oil by GC-MS第63页
        3.2.5. Preparation of extracts using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE)第63-64页
        3.2.6. Determination of antioxidant activity using the DPPH radicalscavenging method第64页
        3.2.7. Determination of antioxidant activity using β-carotene bleaching (BCB) assay第64页
        3.2.8. Microbial strains and media第64页
        3.2.9. Determination of antibacterial activity第64页
        3.2.10. Statistical analysis第64-65页
    3.3. Results and discussion第65-72页
        3.3.1. Chemical composition of the essential oils第65-69页
        3.3.2. Antioxidant activity using (DPPH) radical scavenging第69-70页
        3.3.3. Antioxidant activity using β-carotene bleaching assay第70-71页
        3.3.4. Antibacterial activity第71-72页
    3.4. Conclusion第72页
    3.5. References第72-76页
Chapter 4. Optimization of Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Conyzabonariensis第76-93页
    4.1. Introduction第76-77页
    4.2. Material and methods第77-80页
        4.2.1. Chemicals and machine第77页
        4.2.2. Preparation of (1-butyl3methylimidazolium bromide) [BMIM] Br第77页
        4.2.3. Extraction method第77-78页
        4.2.4. Total phenolic (TP)第78页
        4.2.5. Determination of antioxidant activity using the DPPH radicalscavenging method第78-79页
        4.2.6. Single factor experiments第79页
        4.2.7. Experiment design of (Response surface methodology) RSM第79-80页
        4.2.8. Statistical analysis第80页
    4.3. Results and discussion第80-91页
        4.3.1. Effect of extraction time on the extraction rate, antioxidant and TP第80-82页
        4.3.2. Effect of solvent type on the extraction rate, antioxidant and TP第82页
        4.3.3. Effect of power on the extraction rate, antioxidant and TP第82-83页
        4.3.4. Response surface methodology (RSM) experiments第83-89页
        4.3.5. Optimization of extracting parameters and validation of the model第89-91页
    4.4. Conclusion第91页
    4.5. References第91-93页
Chapter 5. Optimization for Adsorption and Separation of PhenolicCompounds from Conyza bonariensis第93-104页
    5.1. Introduction第93-94页
    5.2. Material and methods第94-97页
        5.2.1. Chemicals and machine第94页
        5.2.2. Plant collection and identification第94页
        5.2.3. Preparation of extracts using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE)第94页
        5.2.4. Scan test UV absorption peaks第94-95页
        5.2.5. Screening of different types of resins第95页
        5.2.6. Adsorption test第95-96页
        5.2.7. Separation of phenolic compounds by D 4020第96页
        5.2.8. Determination of phenolic compounds by HPLC第96页
        5.2.9. DPPH radical-scavenging activity第96页
        5.2.10. Statistical analysis第96-97页
    5.3. Results and discussion第97-101页
        5.3.1. Adsorption ratios第97页
        5.3.2. Phenolic compounds第97-100页
        5.3.3. DPPH radical-scavenging activity第100-101页
    5.4. Conclusions第101页
    5.5. References第101-104页
Chapter 6. Isolation, Purification and Identification of Flavone from Conyzabonariensis第104-115页
    6.1. Introduction第104-105页
    6.2. Material and methods第105-107页
        6.2.1. Preparation of extract第105页
        6.2.2. Purification by silica gel第105页
        6.2.3. Purification by sephadex LH -20第105-106页
        6.2.4. Determination of phenolic compounds of the purifies compounds第106页
        6.2.5. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS)第106-107页
        6.2.6. Identification of the separated compounds by NMR第107页
        6.2.7. Reducing power of the compound第107页
        6.2.8. Statistical analysis第107页
    6.3. Results and discussion第107-112页
        6.3.1. Purification of the extract第107-108页
        6.3.2. Structural identification第108-111页
        6.3.3. DPPH radical-scavenging activity the purified compounds第111-112页
        6.3.4. Reducing power第112页
    6.4. Conclusion第112-113页
    6.5. References第113-115页
Chapter 7. The Flavonol from Conyza bonariensis with CytoprotectiveActivity Against H2O2-Induced Toxicity in Hep G2 Cells第115-133页
    7.1. Introduction第115-116页
    7.2. Materials and methods第116-120页
        7.2.1. Compound第116页
        7.2.2. Cell and culture第116-117页
        7.2.3. Oxidative damage induced by H2O2第117页
        7.2.4. Measurement of cell viability by MTT assay第117页
        7.2.5. Measurement of intracellular ROS第117-118页
        7.2.6. Treatment of Hep G2 cells with 5, 7, 2’, 5’-tetrahydroxy-3, 4’-dimethoxyflavone (TDF)第118-120页
        7.2.7. Statistical analysis第120页
    7.3. Results and discussion第120-129页
        7.3.1. The effects of TDF on cell viability第122-123页
        7.3.2. Inhibitory effect of TDF intracellular ROS generation by H2O2第123-124页
        7.3.3. Effect of TDF on SOD, (GPx) and CAT activity in H2O2- inducedHep G2 cells第124-126页
        7.3.4. Effect of TDF on M AD, (GSH) and T-AOC in H2O2- induced Hep G2cells第126-129页
    7.4. Conclusion第129页
    7.5. References第129-133页
General Conclusions, Key innovations and Recommendations第133-135页
    General conclusions第133-134页
    Key innovation of the thesis第134页
    Recommendations第134-135页
List Publication第135-136页

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