| ABSTRACT | 第3页 |
| 摘要 | 第4-5页 |
| ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 第5-7页 |
| CHAPTER ⅠINTRODUCTION | 第7-18页 |
| A. Mohsin Hamid and His Literary Achievements | 第7-9页 |
| B. Literature Review | 第9-12页 |
| C. Theoretical Framework | 第12-15页 |
| D. Thesis Statement | 第15-18页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅱ SPIRITUAL EMPTINESS REFLECTED IN SIGN CONSUMPTION | 第18-32页 |
| A. Loss of Real Self under Symbolic Value | 第19-26页 |
| B. Loss of Dignity under Symbolic Order | 第26-32页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅲ SPIRITUAL LONELINESS REFLECTED IN CONSPICUOUS CONSUMPTION | 第32-43页 |
| A. Alienation of Relationship in the Leisure Class | 第32-38页 |
| B. Absence of Friendship in the Lower Class | 第38-43页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅳ SPIRITUAL NUMBNESS REFLECTED IN THE REIFICATION | 第43-58页 |
| A. Lack of Critical Thinking under Reified Consciousness | 第43-51页 |
| B. Lack of Justice under the Reification of Laws | 第51-58页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅴ CONCLUSION | 第58-60页 |
| WORKS CITED | 第60-63页 |
