| Candidate's Declaration | 第1-5页 |
| Abstract | 第5-10页 |
| Table of Contents | 第10-14页 |
| List of Figures | 第14-22页 |
| List of Tables | 第22-23页 |
| Chapter 1 Introduction | 第23-71页 |
| ·Immunoassay for α-Fetoprotein | 第23-24页 |
| ·Introduction to Biosensors | 第24-38页 |
| ·Historical Development | 第24-27页 |
| ·What is a Biosensor | 第27页 |
| ·Working Principles of Biosensors | 第27-29页 |
| ·Trends for the Development of Biosensors | 第29-32页 |
| ·Affinity Biosensors | 第32-38页 |
| ·Labeled Affinity Biosensors | 第33-35页 |
| ·Free-label Affinity Biosensors | 第35-38页 |
| ·Ion-Sensitive Field Effect Transducers (ISFETs) | 第38-46页 |
| ·Basic Principles of ISFETs | 第39-42页 |
| ·ISFET based Biosensors | 第42-43页 |
| ·Recently Development of ISFET Technology | 第43-46页 |
| ·Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) | 第46-69页 |
| ·Impedance Definition and Concept of Complex Impedance | 第46-51页 |
| ·Impedance Theory | 第46-49页 |
| ·Electrical Circuit Elements for Common Equivalent Circuit Models | 第49-51页 |
| ·Serial and Parallel Combinations of Circuit Elements | 第51-52页 |
| ·Simple Equivalent Circuit with One Time Constant | 第52-55页 |
| ·Equivalent Circuit Elements and EIS of an Electrochemical Cell | 第55-69页 |
| ·Electrolyte Resistance | 第55页 |
| ·Polarization Resistances | 第55-56页 |
| ·Charge Transfer Resistance | 第56-58页 |
| ·Warburg Impedance | 第58-60页 |
| ·Coating Capacitance | 第60-61页 |
| ·Interfacial Capacitance | 第61-65页 |
| ·Randies Cell | 第65-67页 |
| ·Mixed Kinetic and Diffusion Control | 第67-69页 |
| ·Scope of the Thesis | 第69-71页 |
| Chapter 2 Prussian Blue Modified Amperometric Flow-injection-analysis Biosensor: One-Step Immunoassay for α-Fetoprotein | 第71-84页 |
| ·Experimental | 第72-76页 |
| ·Materials | 第72-73页 |
| ·Apparatus, Screen-printed Electrodes and Flowcell | 第73-74页 |
| ·Deposition of Prussian Blue on the Surface of Electrodes | 第74页 |
| ·Fabrication of Immunosensor and Analytical Procedure | 第74-76页 |
| ·Results and Discussion | 第76-83页 |
| ·Deposition of Prussian Blue on the Surface of Electrodes | 第76-77页 |
| ·Influence of α-Fetoprotein on the Electrochemical Behaviors of Prussian Blue Modified Immunobiosensor | 第77-79页 |
| ·Flow Injection Analysis and Calibration | 第79-81页 |
| ·Real Serum Sample Testing and Stability | 第81-83页 |
| ·Summary | 第83-84页 |
| Chapter 3 Polyaniline Modified Impedimetric Immunosensors for the Probing of α-Fetoprotein | 第84-103页 |
| 3. 1 Experimental | 第86-88页 |
| 3. 1. 1 Reagents | 第86页 |
| 3. 1. 2 Instrumentation | 第86-87页 |
| 3. 1. 3 Preparation of Screen-printed Electrodes, Polyaniline and Antibody Modified Immunosensors | 第87-88页 |
| 3. 1. 4 Impedance Analysis | 第88页 |
| 3. 2 Results and Discussion | 第88-102页 |
| 3. 2. 1 Electropolymerization of Polyaniline | 第88-90页 |
| 3. 2. 2 Incorporation of Antibody | 第90-91页 |
| 3. 2. 3 Characterization of the Biosensor | 第91-96页 |
| 3. 2. 4 Impedance Spectroscopy of the Modification of Electrode and the Interaction Between Antibody and Antigen | 第96-102页 |
| 3. 3 Summary | 第102-103页 |
| Chapter 4 Microfabrication Processes of Si Ultra-thin-body (UTB) Surface Sensitive Devices | 第103-126页 |
| 4. 1 Introduction | 第103-106页 |
| 4. 1. 1 MEMS, μ-TAS, Lab-on-a-chip and Microfabrication | 第103-105页 |
| 4. 1. 2 Substrate Materials | 第105页 |
| 4. 1. 3 Silicon-on-insulator Wafer | 第105-106页 |
| 4. 2 Microfabrication Processes of Si Ultra-Thin-Body Surface Sensitive Devices | 第106-121页 |
| 4. 2. 1 Design of Si Ultra-Thin-Body Surface Sensitive Devices | 第106-108页 |
| 4. 2. 2 Microfabrication Processes of Si Ultra-Thin-Body Surface Sensitive Devices | 第108-121页 |
| 4. 2. 2. 1 Materials | 第108页 |
| 4. 2. 2. 2 Etching of Segregated Well | 第108-110页 |
| 4. 2. 2. 3 Processes for Ultra-Thin-Body Si Layer | 第110-111页 |
| 4. 2. 2. 4 Fabrication of High-doped P+ for Leading Electrodes in the Next step | 第111-114页 |
| 4. 2. 2. 5 AlSi Alloy Formed for Ohmic Contact as Leading Electrodes | 第114-116页 |
| 4. 2. 2. 6 Sensitive Si Surface Exposed by Etching Processes by Steps | 第116-121页 |
| ·Wire Bonding and Packaging of Devices | 第121-125页 |
| 4. 3. 1 Wire Bonding of Devices | 第121-123页 |
| ·Packaging of Devices | 第123-125页 |
| ·Summary | 第125-126页 |
| Chapter 5 Novel Ultra-Thin-Body Si Surface Sensitive Devices for Impedimetric Immunosensors | 第126-148页 |
| 5. 1 Experimental | 第127-129页 |
| 5. 1. 1 Fabrication of Si Ultra-Thin-Body Devices and Characterization of them to pH and Ion Concentration | 第127页 |
| 5. 1. 2 Chemical Modification and Biological Immobilization Processes | 第127-129页 |
| 5. 1. 3 Device Characterization | 第129页 |
| 5. 2 Results and Discussion | 第129-147页 |
| 5. 2. 1 The Sensitivity of Si Ultra-Thin-Body Surface Sensitive Devices to pH and Ion Concentration of Solution | 第129-139页 |
| 5. 2. 2 The Si Ultra-Thin-Body Surface Sensitive Devices Used to Develop Impedance Immunosensors for AFP | 第139-147页 |
| 5. 3 Summary | 第147-148页 |
| Chapter 6 Conclusions | 第148-151页 |
| References | 第151-173页 |
| Publications | 第173-174页 |
| Acknowledgements | 第174页 |
