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细菌纳米钯回收方法、机理及其产物催化活性研究

摘要第5-7页
Abstract第7-9页
Table of abbreviations第20-21页
Chapter 1 Introduction第21-55页
    1.1 Precious metals background第21-26页
        1.1.1 Precious metals第21页
        1.1.2 Consumption, use, disposal and recycling capacity of precious metal第21-23页
        1.1.3 The traditional methods for recovering precious metals第23-25页
        1.1.4 Why recover the palladium?第25-26页
    1.2 Palladium fundamental第26-29页
        1.2.1 Identification第26-27页
        1.2.2 Physical and chemical properties第27-29页
    1.3 Nanoparticle materials第29-34页
        1.3.1 Fundamental第29-30页
        1.3.2 Methods for metal nanoparticles第30-34页
    1.4 Biosorption and bioreduction by bacteria第34-50页
        1.4.1 Chemical components and cell structure of bacteria第34-35页
        1.4.2 Biosorption第35-38页
        1.4.3 Bioreduction第38-40页
        1.4.4 Effect of various parameter to biorecovery of metals第40-46页
        1.4.5 Study mechanisms of biosorption and bioreduction of Pd~(Ⅱ)第46-49页
        1.4.6 Application of biosorption of Bio-Pd~(0)第49-50页
    1.5 Purpose, significance of choose topic and research contents第50-55页
        1.5.1 Purpose and significance of choose topic第50-52页
        1.5.2 Research contents第52-54页
        1.5.3 Summary technical route第54-55页
Chapter 2 Experimental layout and analytic methods第55-78页
    2.1 Materials and equipment第55-57页
    2.2 Materials and bacteria preparation第57-59页
        2.2.1 Materials preparation第57页
        2.2.2 Bacteria preparation第57-59页
    2.3 Characterization of Pd~(0)-NPs and analytical methods第59-66页
        2.3.1 Ultraviolet-visible spectrometry (UV-Vis)第59-60页
        2.3.2 Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS)第60-61页
        2.3.3 Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy第61-63页
        2.3.4 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM)第63页
        2.3.5 X-ray diffraction (XRD)第63-64页
        2.3.6 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)第64-65页
        2.3.7 Gas chromatography – Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)第65-66页
    2.4 Experimental design第66-78页
        2.4.1 Pd~(Ⅱ) bioreduction experiments第66-67页
        2.4.2 Pd~(Ⅱ) biosorption experiments第67-71页
        2.4.3 Assessment of the factors affect to the biorecovery of Pd~(Ⅱ)第71-74页
        2.4.4 Biorecovery of Pd(II) from simulated wastewaters第74-75页
        2.4.5 Study catalyst activity of Pd~(0)-NPs products第75-78页
Chapter 3 Biorecovery of Pd~(Ⅱ) as nanoparticles using E. faecalis第78-98页
    3.1 Introduction第78-79页
    3.2 Finding and choosing the fit electron donor第79-80页
    3.3 The Pd~(Ⅱ) bioreduction and the Pd(0)-NPs formation第80-82页
    3.4 The factors affecting the biorecovery of Pd~(0)-NPs第82-95页
        3.4.1 Effect of biomass dosage第82-84页
        3.4.2 Effect of electron donor concentration第84-86页
        3.4.3 Effect of initial concentration of Pd~(Ⅱ)第86-88页
        3.4.4 Effect of temperature第88-90页
        3.4.5 Effect of pH第90-95页
    3.5 Implications第95-96页
    3.6 Chapter conclusions第96-98页
Chapter 4 Biosorption charateristics of Pd(0)-NPs biorecovery using E. faecalis第98-111页
    4.1 Introduction第98-99页
    4.2 Confirmation of the Pd~(Ⅱ) biosorption by E. faecalis cells第99-101页
    4.3 The influence of contact time第101页
    4.4 Factors influencing Pd~(Ⅱ) biosorption第101-106页
        4.4.1 Effect of biomass dosage第101-102页
        4.4.2 Effect of initial Pd~(Ⅱ) concentration第102-103页
        4.4.3 Effect of incubation temperature第103-105页
        4.4.4 Effect of pH第105-106页
    4.5 Biosorption isotherm modeling第106-108页
        4.5.1 Langmuir and Freundlich models第106-107页
        4.5.2 Biosorption thermodynamic第107-108页
    4.6 Implication第108-110页
    4.7 Conclusions第110-111页
Chapter 5 Mechanisms of biosorption and bioreduction of Pd(II) by E. faecalis第111-132页
    5.1 Introduction第111-112页
    5.2 Mechanisms of Pd~(Ⅱ) biosorption by E. faecalis cells第112-120页
        5.2.1 Biosorption kinetics modeling第112-115页
        5.2.2 The change of solution p H第115-117页
        5.2.3 The surface characteristic of cells in the biosorption mechanism第117-120页
    5.3 The reduction reaction mechanism of Pd~(Ⅱ) by sodium formate第120-127页
        5.3.1 The change of solution pH第120-122页
        5.3.2 The surface characteristic of cells in the bioreduction mechanism第122-127页
    5.4 Implication第127-131页
    5.5 Chapter conclusion第131-132页
Chapter 6 Biorecovery of palladium from wastewater resources第132-149页
    6.1 Introduction第132页
    6.2 Effect of single metal ions第132-140页
    6.3 Effect of various metal ions on the Pd~(Ⅱ) biorecovery in simulation of waste water resources第140-146页
    6.4 Implication第146-147页
    6.5 Chapter conclusions第147-149页
Chapter 7 Pollutants degradation catalytic activities of Pd~(0)-NPs products第149-162页
    7.1 Introduction第149-150页
    7.2 Catalytic activity of Pd~(0)-NPs products for the Cr~(Ⅵ) reduction第150-156页
        7.2.1 Pd~(0)-NPs products from autoclave treatment for the Cr~(Ⅵ) reduction第150-152页
        7.2.2 Pd~(0)-NPs products from ultrasonic treatment for the Cr~(Ⅵ) reduction第152-154页
        7.2.3 Effects of CDW:Pd ratios on Cr~(Ⅵ) reduction第154-155页
        7.2.4 Effects of Pd~(0)-NPs from various solution p H on Cr~(Ⅵ) reduction第155页
        7.2.5 Reduction at various concentrations of Cr~(Ⅵ)第155-156页
    7.3 Testing the catalytic activity of Pd~(0)-NPs for PCBs removal第156-158页
        7.3.1 The removal of PCBs from solution第156-158页
        7.3.2 Dechlorination of PCBs by the catalytic activities of Pd~(0)-NPs第158页
    7.4 Implication第158-160页
    7.5 Chapter conclusions第160-162页
Conclusions and prospects第162-166页
    A. Conclusions第162-164页
    B. Novelty第164页
    C. Prospects第164-166页
References第166-185页
博士学位期间取得的研究成果第185-186页
Acknowledgements第186-187页
Ⅳ-2答辩委员会对论文的评定意见第187页

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