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巴基斯坦begomovirus和烟粉虱的遗传多样性及地理分布

Chinese Abstract第11-13页
Abstract第13-15页
1. Introduction第16-33页
    1.1. Whitefly第16-21页
        1.1.1. Morphological description and taxonomy第16-17页
        1.1.2. Scientific classification第17-18页
        1.1.3. Reproduction and metamorphosis第18页
        1.1.4. Agricultural threats and important species第18-19页
        1.1.5. Bemisia tabaci: A cryptic species complex第19页
        1.1.6. Distribution of whitefly and domination第19页
        1.1.7. Molecular identification of B. tabaci第19页
        1.1.8. Identification of B. tabaci in Pakistan第19-20页
        1.1.9. Why identification of B. tabaci cryptic species in Pakistan is important第20-21页
    1.2. Begomoviruses第21-29页
        1.2.1. Family Geminiviridae第21-22页
        1.2.2. Geminivirus taxonomy and nomenclature第22页
        1.2.3. Genus Begomovirus第22页
        1.2.4. Morphology and genome organization第22-24页
        1.2.5. Alphasatellites第24-25页
        1.2.6. Betasatellites第25页
        1.2.7. Damages caused by begomoviruses第25-26页
        1.2.8. Economic importance of begomoviruses in Pakistan第26-27页
        1.2.9. Molecular identification of begomoviruses in Pakistan第27-28页
        1.2.10. Why identification of begomoviruses is important in Pakistan?第28-29页
    1.3. Association between begomoviruses and whitefly第29-33页
        1.3.1. What characters make whitefly an important begomovirus vector?第29-30页
        1.3.2. How whitefly spreads begomoviruses worldwide?第30页
        1.3.3. Whitefly facilitates in emergence of begomoviruses第30-31页
        1.3.4. Biodiversity and evolution in whitefly ensures biodiversity and evolution inbegomoviruses第31页
        1.3.5. Whitefly helps in epidemics of begomovirus disease complexes第31-33页
2. Aims of the Study第33-34页
3. Material and Methods第34-42页
    3.1. Identification of whiteflies from Pakistan第34-38页
        3.1.1. Whitefly collection第34页
        3.1.2. Preparation of lysis buffer第34页
        3.1.3. Homogenization of whitefly第34页
        3.1.4. mtCOI PCR amplification第34-35页
        3.1.5. Preparation of agrose gel第35页
        3.1.6. Gel electrophoresis and photographing第35页
        3.1.7. Gel extraction and purification第35-36页
        3.1.8. Preparation of Lysogeny broth (LB) culture第36页
        3.1.9. Cloning (Ligation and Transformation)第36-37页
        3.1.10. Check PCR analysis第37页
        3.1.11. Sequencing and sequence analysis第37-38页
        3.1.12. Genetic distance and phylogenetic analysis of mtCOI sequences第38页
        3.1.13. Genetic diversity and distribution analysis第38页
    3.2. Identification of begomoviruses第38-42页
        3.2.1. Collection of whitefly and processing第38页
        3.2.2. Homogenization of whitefly第38-39页
        3.2.3. PCR amplification and sequence analysis for identification of begomoviruses第39页
        3.2.4.     Gel extraction and purification第39-40页
        3.2.5. Cloning (Ligation and Transformation)第40页
        3.2.6. Check PCR analysis第40页
        3.2.7. Sequencing and sequence analysis第40-41页
        3.2.8. Phylogenetic analysis, Pairwise distance analysis and geographical distribution第41-42页
4. Results第42-59页
    4.1. Identification of whiteflies from Pakistan第42-50页
        4.1.1. Phylogenetic and distance analysis of mtCOI sequences第42-47页
        4.1.2. Genetic diversity and species distribution第47-50页
    4.2. Identification of begomoviruses in Pakistan第50-59页
5. Discussions第59-64页
    5.1. Diversity of whiteflies第59-61页
    5.2. Diversity of begomoviruses第61-64页
Conclusion第64-65页
References第65-86页
Equipment's used during research第86-87页
List of published articles during this academic program第87-91页
Acknowledgement第91-92页
Appendix table. BLAST (n) results for 177 sequences revealed in present study第92-96页

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