| 作者简历 | 第6-7页 |
| 摘要 | 第7-8页 |
| Abstract | 第8-9页 |
| 1. Introduction | 第16-19页 |
| 1.1 Research Background | 第17-18页 |
| 1.2 Research Significance and Purpose | 第18页 |
| 1.3 Organization of the Thesis | 第18-19页 |
| 2. Literature Review | 第19-38页 |
| 2.1 Definition of Backwash Effect | 第19-21页 |
| 2.1.1 Backwash Effect on Individuals | 第19-20页 |
| 2.1.2 Backwash Effect on Educational and Social System | 第20-21页 |
| 2.2 Theoretical Foundation of Backwash Effect | 第21-26页 |
| 2.2.1 Alderson and Wall’s Fifteen Backwash Hypotheses | 第21-23页 |
| 2.2.2 Hughes’s PPP Backwash Model | 第23-24页 |
| 2.2.3 Prodromou’s Overt and Covert Models | 第24-26页 |
| 2.3 Relevant Studies on Backwash Effect at Home and Abroad | 第26-34页 |
| 2.3.1 Studies on Backwash Effect Abroad | 第26-29页 |
| 2.3.2 Studies on Backwash Effect at Home | 第29-34页 |
| 2.4 Introduction of TEM8 | 第34-38页 |
| 2.4.1 Overview of TEM8 | 第34页 |
| 2.4.2 Revision of TEM8 | 第34-38页 |
| 3. Research Method | 第38-43页 |
| 3.1 Research Questions | 第38-39页 |
| 3.2 Research Subjects | 第39页 |
| 3.3 Research Instruments | 第39-40页 |
| 3.3.1 Questionnaire | 第39-40页 |
| 3.3.2 Interview | 第40页 |
| 3.4 Research Procedures | 第40-43页 |
| 3.4.1 Designing, Conducting and Analyzing Questionnaires | 第41-42页 |
| 3.4.2 Conducting and Analyzing Interview | 第42页 |
| 3.4.3 Discussing Research Results | 第42-43页 |
| 4. Results and Discussion | 第43-78页 |
| 4.1 Aspects of the Backwash Effect of Revised TEM8 on Learning | 第43-48页 |
| 4.2 Differences of Backwash Effect on Different Genders | 第48-54页 |
| 4.3 Differences of Backwash Effect on TEM4 Passers and Non-TEM4 Passers | 第54-62页 |
| 4.4 Differences of Backwash Effect on English Learners and Teachers | 第62-78页 |
| 4.4.1 Backwash of Revised TEM8 on Content and Techniques | 第62-64页 |
| 4.4.2 Psychological States Affected by Revised TEM8 on Teaching and Learning494.4.3 Perception of Revised TEM8 and Nature of Its Backwash | 第64-65页 |
| 4.4.3 Perception of Revised TEM8 and Nature of Its Backwash | 第65-68页 |
| 4.4.4 Attitudes Towards Restructured Contents in Revised TEM8 | 第68-70页 |
| 4.4.5 Suggestions to Revised TEM8 | 第70-73页 |
| 4.4.6 Backwash Effects on Teaching and Learning Objectives | 第73-74页 |
| 4.4.7 Backwash of Restructured Sections on Teaching and Learning | 第74-78页 |
| 5. Conclusion | 第78-82页 |
| 5.1 Major Findings | 第78-80页 |
| 5.2 Suggestions to Revised TEM8 | 第80页 |
| 5.3 Limitations of the Study | 第80-81页 |
| 5.4 Recommendations for Further Research | 第81-82页 |
| Acknowledgements | 第82-83页 |
| References | 第83-86页 |
| AppendixⅠ | 第86-88页 |
| AppendixⅡ | 第88-90页 |
| Appendix Ⅲ | 第90-91页 |
| Appendix Ⅳ | 第91页 |
