| Acknowledgements | 第1-6页 |
| List of abbreviation used | 第6-7页 |
| 摘要 | 第7-9页 |
| Abstract | 第9-19页 |
| CHAPTER 1:INTRODUCTION | 第19-22页 |
| CHAPTER 2:PROGRESS ON Na~+ UPTAKE AND Na~+ TRANSPORT IN HIGHER PLANTS | 第22-60页 |
| ·Background | 第22-24页 |
| ·Negative effects of salinity on plant productivity | 第24-27页 |
| ·Osmotic stress | 第24-25页 |
| ·Ionic stress | 第25-27页 |
| ·Secondary stresses | 第27页 |
| ·Na~+ uptake into roots | 第27-48页 |
| ·Physiological and electrophysiological mechanisms of Na~+ uptake in higher plants | 第27-39页 |
| ·K~+,Na~+ competition and selectivity | 第27-29页 |
| ·Na~+-Ca~(2+)interactions under salt environments | 第29-32页 |
| ·Effects of driving force or electrochemical potential across the plasma on Na~+ uptake | 第32-34页 |
| ·Effects of external salt concentration on Na~+ uptake | 第34-37页 |
| ·Experimental methods in studying the physiological mechanisms of Na~+ uptake | 第37-39页 |
| ·Molecular biological mechanism of Na~+ uptake in higher plants | 第39-48页 |
| ·NSCCs/VICs | 第39-41页 |
| ·LCT1 | 第41-42页 |
| ·KUP/HAK/KT | 第42-43页 |
| ·HKT | 第43-46页 |
| ·AKT1 | 第46-47页 |
| ·CCC | 第47-48页 |
| ·Na~+ Transport in higher plants | 第48-60页 |
| ·Control of Na~+ xylem loading | 第48-50页 |
| ·Na~+ retrieval from the xylem | 第50-51页 |
| ·Na~+ recirculation in the phloem | 第51-52页 |
| ·Na~+ extrusion or effiux from the root | 第52-54页 |
| ·Intracellular compartmentation of Na~+ into the vacuoles | 第54-58页 |
| ·Na~+ excretion | 第58-60页 |
| CHAPTER 3:MATERIAL AND METHODS | 第60-63页 |
| ·Plant material and growth condition | 第60页 |
| ·Treatments | 第60-61页 |
| ·Growth measurements,and Na~+ and K~+ concentration determination | 第61页 |
| ·~(22)Na~+ influx experiments | 第61-62页 |
| ·Statistical analysis | 第62-63页 |
| CHAPTER 4:RESULTS | 第63-107页 |
| ·The bases of root ~(22)Na~+ influx in Suaeda maritima | 第63-68页 |
| ·Time course of root ~(22)Na~+ influx | 第63-65页 |
| ·Effects of external Na~+ concentration on root ~(22)Na~+ influx | 第65-66页 |
| ·The correlation between root ~(22)Na~+ influx and root Na~+ concentration | 第66页 |
| ·The correlation between ~(22)Na~+ influx and fresh weight of the root | 第66-67页 |
| ·Root ~(22)Na~+ loss during washing and blotting | 第67-68页 |
| ·Differentiation of Na~+ uptake pathways in S.maritima by various inhibitors | 第68-86页 |
| ·Effects of Ca~(2+)and Li~+ on ~(22)Na~+ influx of S.maritima under low(25 mM NaCl)and high(150 mM NaCl)salinity | 第69-70页 |
| ·Effects of TEA~+和Cs~+ on ~(22)Na~+ influx of S.maritima under low and high salinity | 第70-71页 |
| ·Ba~(2+)blocked ~(22)Na~+ influx of S.maritima under both low and high salinity | 第71-72页 |
| ·The turning-point of external NaCl concentrations for the inhibitory effects of TEA~+ | 第72-73页 |
| ·Comparison of the inhibitory effects of TEA~+ and Ba~(2+)on ~(22)Na~+ influx among S.maritima,wheat and rice | 第73-75页 |
| ·NH_4~+ altered the effects of TEA~+ and Ba~(2+)on ~(22)Na~+ influx,Na~+ accumulation and net Na~+ uptake of S.maritima | 第75-78页 |
| ·Effects of a CCC inhibitor on Na~+,K~+ accumulation and growth in S.maritima | 第78-86页 |
| ·The effects of a CCC inhibitor on Na~+ accumulation,growth and tissue water in S.maritima with increasing concentration of NaCl | 第80-83页 |
| ·The effects of a CCC inhibitor on K~+ accumulation,growth and tissue water in S.maritima with increasing concentration of KCl | 第83-86页 |
| ·Effects of external K~+ on Na~+ uptake and accumulation of S.maritima | 第86-100页 |
| ·Effects of K~+ on ~(22)Na~+ influx and Na~+ accumulation after 3 d of NaCl(2.5-200 mM)and KCl(10 or 50 mM)treatments | 第86-91页 |
| ·Effects of K~+ on ~(22)Na~+ influx after 12 h of NaCl(2.5-200 mM)and KCl(10 or 50 mM)treatments | 第91-94页 |
| ·Effects of K~+ on ~(22)Na~+ influx and Na~+ accumulation with 3 d of K~+ starvation before12 h of NaCl(2.5-200 mM)and KCl(10 or 50 mM)treatments | 第94-100页 |
| ·Time-course changes of Na~+,K~+ accumulation and ~(22)Na~+ influx in S.maritima cultured after salt stress treatment | 第100-107页 |
| ·Time-course changes of Na~+ concentration in roots and shoots of S.maritima after salt stress treatment | 第100-103页 |
| ·Time-course changes of ~(22)Na~+ influx into excised roots of S.maritima after salt stress treatment | 第103-104页 |
| ·Time-course changes of K~+ concentration and Na~+/K~+ ratio in roots and shoots of S.maritima after salt stress treatment | 第104-107页 |
| CHAPTER 5:DISCUSSION | 第107-128页 |
| ·S.maritima is a valuable plant material for characterizing Na~+ uptake and transport pathways in higher plants | 第107-110页 |
| ·NSCCS and LCT1 were not supported to be the major pathways for Na~+ entry into root cells in plants | 第110-113页 |
| ·Two different K~+ channel proteins might function in mediating low-affinity Na~+ uptake through two pathways | 第113-118页 |
| ·HKT-type transporter might mediate low-affinity Na~+ uptake under low salinity condition | 第113-114页 |
| ·AKT1-type channel might mediate low-affinity Na~+ uptake under high salinity condition | 第114-116页 |
| ·The turning-point of external NaCl concentrations for the two pathways | 第116-118页 |
| ·Comparison of the function of HKT-type transporter in Na~+ exclusion among S.maritima,wheat and rice | 第118-119页 |
| ·HKT-type protein and ABC transporter involved in plasma membrane ATPase activity may play roles in root Na~+ exclusion in S.maritima under high salinity condition | 第119-122页 |
| ·CCC transporter also might be a candidate for mediating low-affinity Na~+ uptake,especially under high salinity condition,but no significant effects on K~+ uptake | 第122-124页 |
| ·Low concentration of K~+(5 and 10 mM)stimulate Na~+ uptake under high salinity(100-200 mM NaCl) | 第124-125页 |
| ·Time-course changes of Na~+,K~+ accumulation and ~(22)Na~+ influx in S.maritima cultured after salt stress treatment | 第125-128页 |
| ·Time-course changes of Na~+ concentration in roots and shoots and root ~(22)Na~+ influx of S.maritima after salt stress treatment | 第125-126页 |
| ·Time-course changes of K~+ concentration and Na~+/K~+ ratio in roots and shoots of S.maritima after salt stress treatment | 第126-128页 |
| CHAPTER 6:CONCLUSION | 第128-130页 |
| References | 第130-165页 |
| Academic papers,accomplished and undertaken projects | 第165-168页 |
