| Chapter One Introduction | 第1-12页 |
| 1．1 Introduction | 第9-10页 |
| 1．2 Purpose of the essay | 第10-12页 |
| Chapter Two Theoretical Background of "leaner-centered" Approach | 第12-26页 |
| 2．1 The definition of "learner-centeredness" | 第12-14页 |
| 2．2 Features of constructivism | 第14-18页 |
| 2．2．1 General introduction | 第15页 |
| 2．2．2 Constructivist learning theory | 第15-17页 |
| 2．2．3 Constructivist approach of teaching | 第17-18页 |
| 2．3 Humanism | 第18-21页 |
| 2．3．1 Basic educational idea of humanism | 第19-20页 |
| 2．3．2 The influences of humanism on learning theories | 第20-21页 |
| 2．4 Literature review of learner-centered language learning | 第21-24页 |
| 2．4．1 A review of the studies on learner-centered language learning | 第21-22页 |
| 2．4．2 Learner-centered approach in China | 第22-24页 |
| 2．5 Summary | 第24-26页 |
| Chapter Three The needs of the implementation of learner-centered teaching | 第26-37页 |
| 3．1 Introduction | 第26-27页 |
| 3．2 Social needs | 第27-29页 |
| 3．3 Students' needs | 第29-36页 |
| 3．3．1 Students' expectations on oral English | 第29-31页 |
| 3．3．2 Students' learning habits | 第31-35页 |
| 3．3．3 Communicative competence | 第35-36页 |
| 3．4 Summary | 第36-37页 |
| Chapter Four Implementation of learner-centered oral English class | 第37-68页 |
| 4．1 Introduction | 第37-38页 |
| 4．2 Factors influencing learner-centered oral class | 第38-47页 |
| 4．2．1 Curriculum design | 第38-41页 |
| 4．2．2 Environmental factors | 第41-43页 |
| 4．2．3 Student's anxiety | 第43-47页 |
| 4．3 Organization of oral English teaching by speaking strategy training | 第47-54页 |
| 4．3．1 Speaking strategy | 第47-54页 |
| 4．4 Demands on the teacher in oral class teaching | 第54-58页 |
| 4．4．1 Teacher's role | 第55-57页 |
| 4．4．2 Teacher's participation | 第57-58页 |
| 4．5 Material development | 第58-61页 |
| 4．5．1 The arrangement of the materials in the textbook | 第59-60页 |
| 4．5．2 Supplement materials | 第60-61页 |
| 4．6 Reform of the evaluating system | 第61-67页 |
| 4．6．1 Implementation of oral English test | 第63-66页 |
| 4．6．2 Test feedback for oral English teaching | 第66-67页 |
| 4．7 Conclusion | 第67-68页 |
| Chapter Five Feedback on learner-centered oral English class | 第68-79页 |
| 5．1 Feedback from classroom observation | 第68-72页 |
| 5．1．1 Students'performance and participation | 第68-69页 |
| 5．1．2 Using of mother tongue as transferring or switching strategy | 第69-70页 |
| 5．1．3 Student-teacher interaction | 第70-72页 |
| 5．2 Feedback from questionnaire survey | 第72-73页 |
| 5．3 Feedback from Interviews | 第73-75页 |
| 5．4 Problems for further research | 第75-79页 |
| 5．4．1 The way to organize big oral class | 第76页 |
| 5．4．2 Material use | 第76-77页 |
| 5．4．3 The learners' learning habits | 第77-79页 |
| Chapter Six Conclusion | 第79-81页 |
| References | 第81-84页 |
| Acknowledgement | 第84-85页 |
| Appendix | 第85页 |
