| 摘要 | 第1-8页 |
| Abstract | 第8-17页 |
| Abbreviations | 第17-19页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅰ Literature Reviews | 第19-39页 |
| ·Nutritive quality of corn stalk | 第19-20页 |
| ·Possible strategies to improve corn stalk utilization | 第20-23页 |
| ·Physical treatment | 第20页 |
| ·Chemical treatment | 第20-21页 |
| ·Biological methods | 第21-22页 |
| ·Enzymatic treatment | 第22-23页 |
| ·Feeding corn stalk supplemented with other components | 第23页 |
| ·Effects of synchronization of carbohydrate and protein supply on rumen fermentation | 第23-25页 |
| ·Utilization of urea by ruminants | 第25页 |
| ·Role of ammonia in ruminant's rumen | 第25-27页 |
| ·Urea recycling in ruminant | 第27-28页 |
| ·Disadvantages of Urea Utilization for Ruminants | 第28页 |
| ·Usage of new urea products (slow releasing urea) in ruminant's diets | 第28-32页 |
| ·Influence of slow releasing urea on feed consumption and digestibility | 第29-30页 |
| ·Influence of slow releasing urea on rumen fermentation | 第30页 |
| ·Influence of slow releasing urea on ruminal microbial protein synthesis | 第30-31页 |
| ·Influence of slow releasing urea on performance of feedlot animals | 第31-32页 |
| ·Optigen Ⅱ as a polymer coated Urea | 第32-33页 |
| ·Use of sodium bentonite in animal nutrition | 第33-35页 |
| ·Chemical composition of sodium bentonite | 第33页 |
| ·Effect of bentonite on DMI and digestibility in ruminants | 第33-34页 |
| ·Effect of bentonite on rumen fermentation | 第34-35页 |
| ·Effect of bentonite on growth performance | 第35页 |
| ·The key problem needed to address | 第35-37页 |
| ·Hypothsis | 第37页 |
| ·Objectives of the Project | 第37-39页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅱ Effects of dietary polymer coated urea and sodium bentonite onnutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation, and microbial nitrogen yields in sheepfed high levels of corn stalk | 第39-55页 |
| Summary | 第39-40页 |
| ·INTRODUCTION | 第40页 |
| ·MATERIALS AND METHODS | 第40-44页 |
| ·Animals, diets, experimental design, and management | 第40-42页 |
| ·Sample Collection | 第42页 |
| ·Chemical analyses | 第42-43页 |
| ·Calculations and statistical analysis | 第43-44页 |
| ·RESULTS | 第44-49页 |
| ·Intake, Digestibility and Nitrogen Balance | 第44-45页 |
| ·Urinary purine derivatives | 第45-46页 |
| ·Ruminal fermentation characteristics | 第46-49页 |
| ·Rumen degradability | 第49页 |
| ·Discussion | 第49-54页 |
| ·The effect of polymer-coated urea (PCU) | 第49-52页 |
| ·The effect of sodium bentonite (SB) | 第52-53页 |
| ·The effect combination of PCU and SB | 第53-54页 |
| ·Chapter conclusion | 第54-55页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅲ Effect of dietary polymer coated urea and sodium bentonite ondigestibility, rumen fermentation, and microbial nitrogen yield in sheep fed highlevels of concentrate, and corn stalk as basal roughage diet | 第55-73页 |
| Summary | 第55页 |
| ·Introduction | 第55-57页 |
| ·MATERIALS AND METHODS | 第57-61页 |
| ·Animals, diets, housing and experimental design | 第57-58页 |
| ·Sample Collection | 第58-59页 |
| ·Chemical analyses | 第59-60页 |
| ·Calculations and statistical analysis | 第60-61页 |
| ·RESULTS | 第61-66页 |
| ·Dry matter intake,digestibility and nitrogen balance | 第61-62页 |
| ·Urinary purine derivatives | 第62-63页 |
| ·Ruminal characteristics | 第63-65页 |
| ·Rumen degradability | 第65-66页 |
| ·DISCUSSION | 第66-72页 |
| ·The effect of polymer-coated urea(PCU) | 第66-69页 |
| ·The effect of Sodium bentonite(SB) | 第69-71页 |
| ·The combination effect of PCU and SB | 第71-72页 |
| ·CHAPTER CONCLUSION | 第72-73页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅳ Substitution of polymer coated urea for soybean meal on growthperformance and blood parameters in feedlot lambs fed corn stalk as basalroughages diet | 第73-91页 |
| Summary | 第73页 |
| ·Introduction | 第73-74页 |
| ·MATERIALS AND METHODS | 第74-81页 |
| ·Experimental design | 第74-75页 |
| ·Receiving and processing | 第75页 |
| ·Diets,feeding and sample collection | 第75-77页 |
| ·Slaughtering process | 第77页 |
| ·Carcass characteristics | 第77-79页 |
| ·Instrumental meat quality analyses | 第79-80页 |
| ·Blood metabolites | 第80页 |
| ·Laboratory analyses | 第80页 |
| ·Calculations and Statistical Analysis | 第80-81页 |
| ·RESULTS | 第81-88页 |
| ·Dry matter intake and growth performance | 第81-83页 |
| ·Carcass characteristics | 第83-86页 |
| ·Meat quality | 第86-87页 |
| ·Blood metabolite parameters | 第87-88页 |
| ·Discussion | 第88-91页 |
| ·DMI, Performance and carcass quality | 第88-90页 |
| ·Meat quality | 第90页 |
| ·Blood metabolite characteristics | 第90-91页 |
| CHAPTER CONCLUSION | 第91-92页 |
| GENERAL CONCLUSION | 第92-94页 |
| INNOATION | 第94-95页 |
| REFERENCES | 第95-115页 |
| ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 第115-116页 |
| CV | 第116页 |
