| 摘要 | 第1-5页 |
| Abstract | 第5-7页 |
| Table of Contents | 第7-10页 |
| Introduction | 第10-14页 |
| Chapter 1 Literature Review | 第14-26页 |
| ·Studies of Hedges Abroad | 第14-20页 |
| ·L.A.Zadeh's Research of Hedges | 第14-15页 |
| ·Lakoff's Reasearch of Hedges | 第15-18页 |
| ·Brown and Levinson's Reasearch of Hedges | 第18-19页 |
| ·Prince/Frader/Bosk's Reasearch of Hedges | 第19-20页 |
| ·Studies of Hedges in China | 第20-24页 |
| ·Wu Tieping's Reasearch of Hedges | 第20-23页 |
| ·The Other's Reasearches of Hedges | 第23-24页 |
| ·Summary | 第24-26页 |
| Chapter 2 The Definition and Features of Hedge and its Classifications | 第26-38页 |
| ·The Definition of Hedge | 第26-28页 |
| ·Comparison of Related Concepts | 第28-30页 |
| ·Differences from Fuzziness | 第28-29页 |
| ·Hedge and Hedging | 第29-30页 |
| ·The Features of Hedges | 第30-31页 |
| ·Cancelability | 第30页 |
| ·Markedness | 第30页 |
| ·Indefiniteness | 第30-31页 |
| ·Indirecteness | 第31页 |
| ·The Classifications of Hedges | 第31-36页 |
| ·Semantic Classification | 第32-33页 |
| ·Grammatical Classification | 第33-34页 |
| ·Pragmatic Classification | 第34-36页 |
| ·Approximators | 第34-35页 |
| ·Shields | 第35-36页 |
| ·Summary | 第36-38页 |
| Chapter 3 Methodology and Data Collection | 第38-42页 |
| ·Research Questions | 第38页 |
| ·Data for Analysis | 第38-40页 |
| ·Characteristics of Political Speech | 第38-39页 |
| ·Data Selection | 第39-40页 |
| ·Research Procedures | 第40-41页 |
| ·Methodology | 第41-42页 |
| Chapter 4 Pragmatic Analysis of Hedges in Political Speeches | 第42-62页 |
| ·Introduction of the Pragmatic Principles | 第42-46页 |
| ·The Cooperative Prnciple | 第42-44页 |
| ·The Conversational Implicature | 第44页 |
| ·The Politeness Principle and Face-threatening Act Theory | 第44-46页 |
| ·The Politeness Principle | 第45页 |
| ·The Face-threatening Act Theory | 第45-46页 |
| ·Distribution and Frequency of Hedges in Political Speeches | 第46-48页 |
| ·Pragmatic Analysis of Hedges in Political Speeches | 第48-56页 |
| ·Pragmatic Analysis of Adaptors | 第48-50页 |
| ·Deliberately Withholding Information and Saving Face | 第48-49页 |
| ·Researvation | 第49-50页 |
| ·Pragmatic Analysis of Rounders | 第50-51页 |
| ·Providing the Right Amount of Information and Saving the Speaker's Face | 第50-51页 |
| ·Pramatic Analysis of Plausibility Shields | 第51-54页 |
| ·Declaring Commitment to Maxim of Quality and Saving the Hearer's Negative Face | 第51-52页 |
| ·Persuasive Saying and Saving the Hearer's Positve Face | 第52-53页 |
| ·Declaring Commitment to Maxim of Quality and Showing the Highest Degree of Sincerity | 第53-54页 |
| ·Self-protection and Maintining the Hearer's Negative Face | 第54页 |
| ·Pragmatic Analysis of Attribution Shields | 第54-56页 |
| ·Deliberately Withholding Information and Appealing to Audience | 第55页 |
| ·Being Flexible and Tactful | 第55-56页 |
| ·Pragmatic Functions of Hedges in Political Speeches | 第56-60页 |
| ·Enhancing Efficiency and Succinctness of Expression | 第57-58页 |
| ·Being Objective and Reliable | 第58-59页 |
| ·Heightening Flexibility | 第59页 |
| ·Bejng Polite | 第59-60页 |
| ·Summary | 第60-62页 |
| Conclusion | 第62-64页 |
| Bibliography | 第64-68页 |
| 攻读学位期间的研究成果 | 第68-69页 |
| Appendices | 第69-71页 |
| Acknowledgements | 第71-72页 |
