| 中文摘要 | 第4-8页 |
| Abstract | 第8-11页 |
| CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION | 第16-27页 |
| 1.1 INTRODUCTION | 第16-21页 |
| 1.2 MOTIVATION AND PROBLEM STATEMENT | 第21-22页 |
| 1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES | 第22-24页 |
| 1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS | 第24-25页 |
| 1.5 HYPOTHESIS | 第25-26页 |
| 1.6 STRUCTURE OF DISSERTATION | 第26-27页 |
| CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW | 第27-52页 |
| INTRODUCTION | 第27-28页 |
| 2.1 OIL SHALE | 第28-35页 |
| 2.1.1 Oil Shale Pyrolysis Process | 第28-29页 |
| 2.1.2 Mechanism of Oil Shale Pyrolysis and Product Formation | 第29-32页 |
| 2.1.3 Complexity Involved in the Process | 第32-33页 |
| 2.1.4 Oil shale combustion | 第33-34页 |
| 2.1.5 Oil shale combustion model | 第34-35页 |
| 2.2 GREENHOUSE GAS (GHG) EMISSIONS AND OTHER POLLUTANTS | 第35-37页 |
| 2.3 OXY-FUEL COMBUSTION TECHNOLOGY | 第37-41页 |
| 2.4 CATALYTIC | 第41-46页 |
| 2.4.1 Influence of Metal catalyst | 第41-44页 |
| 2.4.2 Effect of Catalysis | 第44-46页 |
| 2.5 TGA EXPERIMENTS | 第46-47页 |
| 2.6 COMPOSITIONAL AND ANALYSIS OF PYROLYSIS PRODUCTS | 第47-49页 |
| 2.6.1 Chromatography (GC) | 第47-48页 |
| 2.6.2 Mass spectrometry (MS) | 第48-49页 |
| 2.7 KINETIC | 第49-52页 |
| 2.7.1 Kinetic Analysis of Organic Decomposition | 第49-52页 |
| CHAPITER 3: EXPERIMENTAL METHODS AND ANALYTICALTECHNIQUES | 第52-72页 |
| 3.1 EXPERIMENTAL SECTION | 第52-64页 |
| 3.1.1 Material | 第52-53页 |
| 3.1.2 Addition of the Catalysts (Impregnation) | 第53-55页 |
| 3.1.3 Experimental Procedure | 第55-57页 |
| 3.1.4 Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) | 第57-60页 |
| 3.1.5 OTF-1200X Tube Furnace | 第60-64页 |
| 3.2 ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES | 第64-65页 |
| 3.2.1 Material Characterization | 第64页 |
| 3.2.2 Material Characterization | 第64页 |
| 3.2.3 Separation of Different Fractions from Shale Oil | 第64-65页 |
| 3.3 DATA ANALYSIS AND MODELING | 第65-68页 |
| 3.3.1 Thermal Analyzer and Retorting | 第65-66页 |
| 3.3.2 Elemental Analysis | 第66-67页 |
| 3.3.3 Compositional Analysis | 第67-68页 |
| 3.4 MATHEMATICAL MODEL KINETIC ANALYSIS | 第68-72页 |
| 3.4.1 Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) method | 第70页 |
| 3.4.2 Flynn–Wall-Ozawa (FWO) Method | 第70-71页 |
| 3.4.3 Nomenclature | 第71-72页 |
| CHAPTERS 4: THERMOGRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS OF COMBUSTION CHARACTERISTICS AND KINETIC PARAMETERS OF OIL SHALE INDIFFERENT AMBIENT ATMOSPHERE | 第72-104页 |
| 4.1 THERMOGRAVIMETRIC STUDY (TGA) | 第74-87页 |
| 4.1.1 Characteristic Parameters in TGA Studies | 第75页 |
| 4.1.2 Effects of 100% N_2 and 100%CO_2 Ambient Conditions | 第75-78页 |
| 4.1.3 Combustion characteristics of Oil shale air (21%O_2/N_279%) andoxy-fuel (21%O_2/ CO_279%) | 第78-79页 |
| 4.1.4 Effect of oxygen concentration on Huadian oil shale combustion | 第79-83页 |
| 4.1.5 Effects of O_2/CO_2 atmosphere compared to O_2/N_2 using TGanalysis | 第83-86页 |
| 4.1.6 Combustion model of Huadian Oil shale | 第86-87页 |
| 4.2 RETORTING RESULTS | 第87-93页 |
| 4.2.1 Effect of O_2/N_2 and O_2/CO_2 atmospheres on product yield | 第87-89页 |
| 4.2.2 Shale Oil Production Analysis | 第89-90页 |
| 4.2.3 Shale Oil Production Composition | 第90-91页 |
| 4.2.4 Effects of N_2 and CO_2 Ambient Conditions (GC-MS) | 第91-92页 |
| 4.2.5 Pyrolysis of oil shale under the 100% N_2 and CO_2 atmospheres ina Retort | 第92-93页 |
| 4.2.6 Comparison oxygen in O_2/CO_2 and O_2/N_2 atmosphere in retorting | 第93页 |
| 4.3 KINETIC ANALYSIS OF OIL SHALE PYROLYSIS TGA DATA | 第93-101页 |
| 4.4 CONCLUSIONS | 第101-104页 |
| CHAPTERS 5: A STUDY ON THE EFFECTS OF CATALYSTS ON PYROLYSIS AND COMBUSTION CHARACTERISTICS OF OIL SHALE | 第104-124页 |
| 5.1 EFFECTS OF CATALYSTS ON PYROLYSIS TESTS | 第107-112页 |
| 5.1.1 Thermo-analysis | 第107-108页 |
| 5.1.2 Evaluation of reactivity | 第108-109页 |
| 5.1.3 Effect of composite catalysts on ignition performance | 第109-110页 |
| 5.1.4 Effect of Catalyst on Temperature | 第110页 |
| 5.1.5 Effect of composite catalysts on burnout performance | 第110-111页 |
| 5.1.6 Effect of catalyst on product yields (Pyrolysis) | 第111-112页 |
| 5.2 EFFECTS OF CATALYSTS ON COMBUSTION TESTS | 第112-122页 |
| 5.2.1 Effect of temperature on product yields | 第112-114页 |
| 5.2.2 Influence of transition metal on shale oil yield | 第114-115页 |
| 5.2.3 Influence of the retorting temperature on shale oil yield | 第115-116页 |
| 5.2.4 Elemental Analysis | 第116-118页 |
| 5.2.5 Effects of catalysts on product yields | 第118-119页 |
| 5.2.6 Separation and Analysis of Different Fractions from Shale Oil | 第119-121页 |
| 5.2.7 Discussion on catalytic mechanism | 第121-122页 |
| 5.3 COMPARISONS COMBUSTION AND PYROLYSIS | 第122-123页 |
| 5.4 INFLUENCE OF PYROLYSIS REACTION TEMPERATURE | 第123-124页 |
| CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSION | 第124-129页 |
| 6.1 EFFECTS OF N_2 AND CO_2 AMBIENT CONDITIONS | 第124-125页 |
| 6.2 EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT OXYGEN FRACTIONS ON O_2/N_2 AND O_2/CO_2 | 第125页 |
| 6.3 KINETIC | 第125-126页 |
| 6.4 EFFECTS OF CATALYSTS | 第126-127页 |
| 6.5 RETORTING EXPERIMENTS | 第127-128页 |
| 6.6 INNOVATION | 第128页 |
| 6.7 FUTURE WORK | 第128-129页 |
| REFERENCE | 第129-148页 |
| THE ACADEMIC PAPERS AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH | 第148-149页 |
| ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 第149页 |
