| Abstract | 第8-9页 |
| 摘要 | 第10-12页 |
| List of Abbreviations | 第12-14页 |
| Chapter 1: Review | 第14-30页 |
| 1.1 Cotton production in C hina and Pakistan | 第14-17页 |
| 1.1.1 Cotton production in C hina | 第14-16页 |
| 1.1.2 Cotton production in Pakistan | 第16-17页 |
| 1.2 Cotton yield formation in relation to nitrogen and plant density | 第17-23页 |
| 1.2.1 Cotton yield response to nitrogen | 第17-21页 |
| 1.2.2 Cotton yield response to plant density | 第21-23页 |
| 1.3 Cotton phenology in relation to nitrogen and plant density | 第23-24页 |
| 1.3.1 Cotton phenology in relation to nitrogen | 第23页 |
| 1.3.2 Cotton phenology in relation to plant density | 第23-24页 |
| 1.4 Cotton nutrients assimilation in relation to nitrogen and plant density | 第24-25页 |
| 1.4.1 Cotton nutrients assimilation in relation to nitrogen | 第24页 |
| 1.4.2 Cotton nutrients assimilation in relation to plant density | 第24-25页 |
| 1.5 Cotton photosynthesis in relation to nitrogen and plant density | 第25-26页 |
| 1.5.1 Cotton photosynthesis in relation to nitrogen | 第25-26页 |
| 1.5.2 Cotton photosynthesis in relation to plant density | 第26页 |
| 1.6 Nitrogen and plant density interaction on cotton yield formation | 第26-28页 |
| 1.7 Objectives | 第28-29页 |
| 1.8 Research project grant | 第29-30页 |
| Chapter 2: Effect of nitrogen and plant density on cotton yield formation and nitrogen utilization in Hubei C hina | 第30-45页 |
| 2.1 Introduction | 第30-31页 |
| 2.2 Materials and Methods | 第31-33页 |
| 2.2.1 Experimental site | 第31-32页 |
| 2.2.2 Experimental design and treatments | 第32页 |
| 2.2.3 Crop management | 第32-33页 |
| 2.3 Data collection | 第33-36页 |
| 2.3.1 Weather data | 第33页 |
| 2.3.2 Cotton growth and phenology | 第33页 |
| 2.3.3 Crop growth rate | 第33-34页 |
| 2.3.4 Cotton biomass | 第34页 |
| 2.3.5 Cotton lint, seed cotton yield, harvest index and ratio of seed cotton to stalk | 第34页 |
| 2.3.6 Cotton yield attributes | 第34页 |
| 2.3.7 Total nitrogen contents at different growth stages | 第34-35页 |
| 2.3.8 Soil sampling and nutrients determination procedure | 第35-36页 |
| 2.3.9 Statistical analysis | 第36页 |
| 2.4 Results | 第36-41页 |
| 2.4.1 Cotton growth and phenology | 第36-37页 |
| 2.4.2 Cotton biomass production | 第37-38页 |
| 2.4.3 Cotton yield, ratio of seed cotton to stalk and harvest index | 第38-39页 |
| 2.4.4 Cotton yield attributes | 第39-41页 |
| 2.4.5 Total nitrogen contents in cotton | 第41页 |
| 2.5 Discussion | 第41-44页 |
| 2.6 Conclusion | 第44-45页 |
| Chapter 3: Effect of nitrogen and planting density on cotton photosynthesis traits in Hubei China | 第45-64页 |
| 3.1 Introduction | 第45-46页 |
| 3.2 Materials and Methods | 第46页 |
| 3.2.1 Experimental site description | 第46页 |
| 3.2.2 Experimental design and treatments | 第46页 |
| 3.3 Data collection | 第46-48页 |
| 3.3.1 Leaf area | 第46-47页 |
| 3.3.2 Leaf area index | 第47页 |
| 3.3.3 Relative water contents | 第47页 |
| 3.3.4 Chlorophyll contents | 第47页 |
| 3.3.5 Cotton leaf gas exchange and photosynthetic rate | 第47-48页 |
| 3.3.6 Photosynthetic rate, intercellular CO_2, and water use efficiency at different growth stages | 第48页 |
| 3.3.7 Statistical analysis | 第48页 |
| 3.4 Results | 第48-60页 |
| 3.4.1 Leaf gas exchange, photosynthetic rate and leaf area of 4t h leaf | 第48-53页 |
| 3.4.2 Leaf gas exchange, photosynthetic rate, leaf area and leaf area index at whole plant | 第53-57页 |
| 3.4.3 Regression analysis of leaf gas exchange, photosynthetic rate and seed cotton yield | 第57页 |
| 3.4.4 Relative water contents (%) and chlorophyll contents | 第57-58页 |
| 3.4.5 Photosynthetic rate, intercellular CO_2, and water use efficiency at different growth stages | 第58-60页 |
| 3.5 Discussion | 第60-63页 |
| 3.6 Conclusion | 第63-64页 |
| Chapter 4: Effect of nitrogen rate and planting density on cotton yield performance in Punjab Pakistan | 第64-85页 |
| 4.1 Introduction | 第64-65页 |
| 4.2 Materials and Methods | 第65-67页 |
| 4.2.1 Description of experimental site | 第65-66页 |
| 4.2.2 Experimental design | 第66-67页 |
| 4.3 Sampling and measurement | 第67-68页 |
| 4.3.1 Cotton growth | 第67页 |
| 4.3.2 Cotton biomass | 第67页 |
| 4.3.3 Cotton yield and yield attribute | 第67-68页 |
| 4.3.4 Cotton fiber quality | 第68页 |
| 4.3.5 Cotton plant total nitrogen determination | 第68页 |
| 4.3.6 Chlorophyll contents | 第68页 |
| 4.3.7 Statistical analysis | 第68页 |
| 4.4 Results | 第68-80页 |
| 4.4.1 Cotton phenolo gy | 第68-70页 |
| 4.4.2 Cotton growth characteristics | 第70-74页 |
| 4.4.3 Cotton yield and related traits | 第74-76页 |
| 4.4.4 Cotton fiber quality and related traits | 第76-77页 |
| 4.4.5 Cotton total nitrogen contents | 第77-79页 |
| 4.4.6 Cotton chlorophyll contents | 第79-80页 |
| 4.5 Discussion | 第80-83页 |
| 4.6 Conclusion | 第83-85页 |
| Chapter 5: Discussion and conclusion | 第85-90页 |
| 5.1 Discussion | 第85-88页 |
| 5.1.1 Cotton yield and its formation | 第85页 |
| 5.1.2 Cotton yield and its phenology | 第85-86页 |
| 5.1.3 Cotton yield and nutrients assimilation | 第86页 |
| 5.1.4 Cotton yield, photosynthesis and leaf gas exchanges | 第86页 |
| 5.1.5 Cotton planting in comparison between China and Pakistan | 第86-88页 |
| 5.2 Conclusion | 第88-89页 |
| 5.2.1 Cotton yield and its formation | 第88页 |
| 5.2.2 Cotton nutrients utilization | 第88页 |
| 5.2.3 Cotton photosynthesis | 第88-89页 |
| 5.2.4 Comparison between China and Pakistan | 第89页 |
| 5.3 Future perspectives | 第89-90页 |
| References | 第90-102页 |
| Publications | 第102-103页 |
| DEDICATION | 第103-104页 |
| ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 第104-106页 |
