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数学课堂中探究性学习模式的转型研究--以巴基斯坦的一所中学为例

摘要第5-6页
ABSTRACT第6-7页
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION第19-32页
    1.1. Study Background第19-23页
    1.2. Statement of the Problem第23-25页
    1.3. Purpose the Study第25-26页
    1.4. Research Questions第26页
    1.5. Significance of the Study第26-27页
    1.6. Conceptual Framework第27-30页
        1.6.1. Engagement第28页
        1.6.2. Exploration第28-29页
        1.6.3. Explanation第29页
        1.6.4. Extensions第29-30页
    1.7. Organization of the Study第30-32页
CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND RESEARCH第32-62页
    2.1. Historical Background of Inquiry Learning Methods第32-35页
    2.2. Inquiry Based Learning第35-39页
    2.3. Inquiry Based Learning in Mathematics第39-41页
    2.4. The Levels of Inquiry Based Learning第41-43页
        2.4.1. Confirmation inquiry第42页
        2.4.2. Structured inquiry第42页
        2.4.3. Guided inquiry第42页
        2.4.4. Open inquiry第42-43页
    2.5. Inquiry Based Instructional Models第43-53页
        2.5.1. BSCS 5E instructional model第44-45页
        2.5.2. 7E model第45-46页
        2.5.3. John Dewey‘s model第46-47页
        2.5.4. The Atkin-Karplus Learning Cycle第47-49页
        2.5.5. The (4E × 2) instructional model第49-53页
    2.6. Levels of Independence in Inquiry-based Instruction第53-56页
        2.6.1. The role of teacher第53-55页
        2.6.2. The Role of Student第55-56页
    2.7. The Outcomes of Inquiry-based Learning第56-59页
    2.8. Challenges in Implementing Inquiry Based Learning第59-62页
CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY第62-90页
    3.1. Introduction第62-63页
    3.2. Context of the Study第63-64页
    3.3. Research Design第64-74页
        3.3.1. Baseline survey第65-66页
        3.3.2. PD intervention第66页
        3.3.3. Design for PD intervention第66-68页
        3.3.4. Design and content of PD intervention第68-72页
        3.3.5. Follow-up sessions第72-74页
    3.4. Research Instruments第74-77页
        3.4.1. Survey Questionnaires第74-75页
        3.4.2. Teacher Questionnaire第75页
        3.4.3. Student Questionnaire第75-76页
        3.4.4. Protocol for classroom observation (EQUIP)第76页
        3.4.5. Interview Protocol第76-77页
    3.5. Research Participants第77-78页
    3.6. Data Collection第78-83页
        3.6.1. Baseline survey第78-79页
        3.6.2. Classroom observations before intervention第79-80页
        3.6.3. Classroom observations during intervention第80-81页
        3.6.4. Lesson plans第81页
        3.6.5. Teachers‘ interviews第81-83页
        3.6.6. Students interviews第83页
    3.7. Analysis of Data第83-89页
        3.7.1. Analysis of Pre-post study questionnaire第84-87页
        3.7.2. Analysis of Observations第87-89页
    3.8. Establishing Validity and Reliability第89-90页
CHAPTER 4 RESULTS第90-190页
    4.1. Description of questionnaire第90-93页
        4.1.1. Survey第90-91页
        4.1.2. Routine use and disposition towards IBL第91页
        4.1.3. Individual and system challenges for implementation of IBL第91-92页
        4.1.4. Current teaching practice第92-93页
    4.2. Description of Students‘ Interest in Mathematics第93页
    Within-Cases Analysis第93-162页
        4.3. Case 1: Tafara第94-127页
            4.3.1. Tafara‘s belief structure before intervention第95-98页
            4.3.2. Tafara‘s classroom teaching practices before intervention第98-105页
            4.3.3. Tafara‘s belief during PD Intervention第105-107页
            4.3.4. Transformation of PD experience to the classroom第107-109页
            4.3.5. Observation of Tafara‘s first lesson after PD intervention第109-112页
            4.3.6. Reflective session for Tafara‘s first lesson第112-114页
            4.3.7. EQUIP rating for Tafara‘s lesson第114-116页
            4.3.8. Observation of Tafara‘s last lesson第116-118页
            4.3.9. Reflective session and EQUIP rating for Tafara‘s lesson第118-122页
            4.3.10. Tafara‘s development in IBL transformational practice第122-127页
        4.4. Pattern of Tafara‘s IBL Implemented Lessons第127-132页
            4.4.1. Analysis of Classroom Instruction第127-128页
            4.4.2. Analysis of classroom discourse第128-130页
            4.4.3. Analysis of classroom assessment第130-131页
            4.4.4. Analysis of curriculum factor第131-132页
        4.5. Case 2: Razitni第132-157页
            4.5.1. Razitni‘s belief structure before intervention第133-136页
            4.5.2. Razitni‘s classroom teaching practices before intervention第136-143页
            4.5.4. Observation of Razitni‘s first lesson after PD intervention第143-144页
            4.5.5. Reflective session for Razitni‘s first lesson and EQUIO rating第144-148页
            4.5.6. Observation of Razitni‘s final lesson第148-151页
            4.5.7. Reflective session for Razitni‘s final lesson and EQUIO rating第151-153页
            4.5.8. Razitni‘s development of IBL transformation practice第153-157页
        4.6. Pattern of Razitni‘s IBL Implemented Lessons第157-162页
            4.6.1. Analysis of Classroom Instruction第157-158页
            4.6.2. Analysis of classroom discourse第158-159页
            4.6.3. Analysis of classroom assessment第159-160页
            4.6.4. Analysis of curriculum第160-162页
    CROSS-CASE ANALYSIS第162-190页
        4.7. Teachers‘ Beliefs during PD Intervention第162-166页
        4.8. Pre-Intervention Teachers‘ Use of Lesson Plan第166-167页
        4.9. Teachers‘ Beliefs and Practices before Intervention第167-170页
        4.10. Comparative Analysis of Teachers‘ Pre-post Survey第170-173页
        4.11. Comparative Analysis of Teachers‘ Implemented IBL Lessons第173-179页
            4.11.1. Analysis of instructional factors in teachers‘ implemented lessons第173-174页
            4.11.2. Analysis of Discourse factors in teachers‘ implemented lessons第174-175页
            4.11.3. Analysis of Assessment factors in teachers‘ implemented lessons第175-176页
            4.11.4. Analysis of Curriculum factors in teachers‘ implemented lessons第176-177页
            4.11.5. Summative view of teachers‘ implemented lessons第177-179页
        4.12. Comparative Analysis of Time Usage in Activities of Implemented Lessons第179-183页
            4.12.1. Analysis of time usage in activities of Instructional factors第179页
            4.12.2. Analysis of time usage in activities of Discourse factors第179-180页
            4.12.3. Analysis of time usage in activities of Assessment factors第180-181页
            4.12.4. Analysis of time usage in activities of Curriculum factors第181-182页
            4.12.5. Analysis of time usage in overall activities of implemented lessons第182-183页
        4.13. Analysis of Time Usage in Inquiry Instructional Components第183-187页
        4.14. Analysis of Student Data第187-190页
            4.14.1. Findings from student pre-post purvey第187页
            4.14.2. Findings from students‘ interviews第187-190页
CHAPTER 5 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS第190-216页
    Background第190-194页
    Discussion of Results第194-209页
        5.1. Transition of Teachers‘ Beliefs Structures第194-201页
            5.1.1. Transition of teachers‘ beliefs during PD intervention第194-197页
            5.1.2. Transition of belief structures during implemented lessons第197-199页
            5.1.3. Teachers‘ perceptions about challenges for implementation of IBL第199-201页
        5.2. Transition of teachers‘ instructional Practices第201-204页
        5.3. Variation of Inquiry Levels and Activity Time第204-206页
        5.4. Transition of the (4E × 2) Instructional Model第206-208页
        5.5. The Impact of IBL on Students‘ Interest第208-209页
    Limitations of the Study第209-211页
    Recommendations of the Study第211-212页
    Conclusion第212-216页
REFERENCES第216-235页
Appendix A第235-239页
Appendix B第239-240页
Appendix C第240-248页
Appendix D第248-253页
Appendix E第253-257页
Appendix F第257-259页
Appendix G第259-261页
Appendix H第261-263页
Appendix I第263-267页
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT第267-268页

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