| Abstract in Chinese | 第4-6页 |
| Abstract in English | 第6-7页 |
| Chapter 1 Introduction | 第11-14页 |
| 1.1Background of the Research | 第11-12页 |
| 1.2 Purpose and Significance of the Study | 第12-13页 |
| 1.3 The Framework of the Thesis | 第13-14页 |
| Chapter 2 Literature Review | 第14-29页 |
| 2.1 The Definition of Questioning | 第14-15页 |
| 2.2 Related Studies on Questioning at Home and Abroad | 第15-20页 |
| 2.2.1 Questioning Types | 第15-17页 |
| 2.2.2 Questioning Response Distribution | 第17-18页 |
| 2.2.3 Questioning Strategies | 第18-20页 |
| 2.3 The Cognitive Orientation of Class Questioning | 第20-26页 |
| 2.3.1 The Definition of Cognition | 第20-21页 |
| 2.3.2 The Function of Cognitive Orientation of Questioning | 第21-22页 |
| 2.3.3 Related Studies on Cognitive Orientation of Questioning at Home andAbroad | 第22-26页 |
| 2.3.3.1 The Studies on Cognitive Orientation of Questioning Abroad | 第22-23页 |
| 2.3.3.2 The Studies on Cognitive Orientation of Questioning at Home | 第23-26页 |
| 2.4 The Theoretical Foundations | 第26-29页 |
| 2.4.1 Bloom’s Taxonomy of Education Objectives: Cognitive Domain | 第26-28页 |
| 2.4.2 Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development | 第28-29页 |
| Chapter 3 Research Design | 第29-34页 |
| 3.1 Research Questions | 第29页 |
| 3.2 Research Subjects | 第29-32页 |
| 3.3 Research Instruments | 第32-34页 |
| 3.3.1 Classroom Observation and Recording Transcription | 第32页 |
| 3.3.2 Questionnaire | 第32-34页 |
| Chapter 4 Results and Discussion | 第34-62页 |
| 4.1 The Analysis on the Characteristics of Questioning | 第34-44页 |
| 4.1.1 Questioning Types | 第34-38页 |
| 4.1.1.1 The Comparison of Questioning Frequency in Different LessonTypes | 第36-37页 |
| 4.1.1.2 The Comparison between Lesson Types and Questioning Types | 第37-38页 |
| 4.1.2 Questioning Response Distribution | 第38-39页 |
| 4.1.3 Questioning Strategies | 第39-40页 |
| 4.1.4 Results of Students’ Questionnaire | 第40-42页 |
| 4.1.5 The Summary on the Characteristics of Six Teachers’ Questioning | 第42-44页 |
| 4.2 The Analysis on the Cognitive Orientation of Questioning | 第44-58页 |
| 4.2.1 The Analysis on the Cognitive Orientation of Questioning Types | 第44-49页 |
| 4.2.2 The Analysis on the Cognitive Orientation of Questioning ResponseDistribution | 第49-53页 |
| 4.2.3 The Analysis on the Cognitive Orientation of Questioning Strategies | 第53-58页 |
| 4.3 The Implications of Cognitive Orientation of Questioning | 第58-62页 |
| 4.3.1 The Implications on Students’ Critical Thinking | 第58-59页 |
| 4.3.2 The Implications on Teacher’s Professional Quality | 第59-62页 |
| Chapter 5 Conclusion | 第62-68页 |
| 5.1 Major Findings | 第62-64页 |
| 5.2 Pedagogical Implications | 第64-66页 |
| 5.3 Limitations and Suggestions for Further Explorations | 第66-68页 |
| Bibliography | 第68-71页 |
| APPENDIX | 第71-88页 |
| AppendixⅠ: Questionnaire | 第71-73页 |
| Appendix Ⅱ: The Statistics about the Students’ Questionnaire | 第73-76页 |
| Appendix Ⅲ: The Basis and Reference for the Questioning Types | 第76-78页 |
| Appendix Ⅴ: One of the Transcriptions | 第78-88页 |
| Papers Published During the Study for M. A. Degree | 第88-89页 |
| ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 第89-90页 |
