| ABSTRACT | 第6-8页 |
| 中文摘要 | 第9-16页 |
| CHAPTER 1 Introduction | 第16-34页 |
| 1.1 Anaerobic oxidation of methane | 第16-19页 |
| 1.1.1 Anaerobic oxidation of methane | 第16-17页 |
| 1.1.2 Microaerobic oxidation of methane | 第17-19页 |
| 1.2 Denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation | 第19-22页 |
| 1.2.1 Discovery of denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation | 第19-21页 |
| 1.2.2 Significance of denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation | 第21-22页 |
| 1.3 Microbial oxyanion contaminants reduction | 第22-29页 |
| 1.3.1 Microbial nitrate removal from groundwater | 第22-23页 |
| 1.3.2 Microbial chromate reduction | 第23-25页 |
| 1.3.3 Microbial perchlorate reduction | 第25-27页 |
| 1.3.4 Microbial selenate reduction | 第27-28页 |
| 1.3.5 Microbial bromate reduction | 第28-29页 |
| 1.4 Research proposal | 第29-34页 |
| 1.4.1 Research objectives and significance | 第29页 |
| 1.4.2 Key scientific problems to be solved | 第29-30页 |
| 1.4.3 Problems proposed | 第30-31页 |
| 1.4.4 Feasibility analysis | 第31-32页 |
| 1.4.5 Research approaches | 第32页 |
| 1.4.6 Research novelties | 第32页 |
| 1.4.7 Research design | 第32-34页 |
| CHAPTER 2 Materials and Methods | 第34-40页 |
| 2.1 MBfR operation | 第34-37页 |
| 2.1.1 Experimental setup | 第34-36页 |
| 2.1.2 Inoculum and medium composition | 第36页 |
| 2.1.3 MBfR operation | 第36-37页 |
| 2.1.4 Mass balance | 第37页 |
| 2.2 Analytical methods | 第37-38页 |
| 2.2.1 Chemical analyses | 第37-38页 |
| 2.2.2 Precipitates characterization | 第38页 |
| 2.3 Microbial characterization | 第38-39页 |
| 2.3.1 DNA extraction and 16S rRNA gene sequencing | 第38页 |
| 2.3.2 Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) | 第38-39页 |
| 2.4 Calculations and modelling | 第39-40页 |
| 2.4.1 Rate determination of biological nitrogen-conversion reactions | 第39页 |
| 2.4.2 Modelling via Visual MINTEQ | 第39-40页 |
| CHAPTER 3 Anammox-enhanced Denitrifying Anaerobic Methane Oxidation Biofilm | 第40-56页 |
| 3.1 Achieving anammox-enhanced DAMO activity | 第40-45页 |
| 3.1.1 DAMO microbial enrichment in an MBfR | 第40-41页 |
| 3.1.2 Long-term methane-supported nitrate removal in an MBfR | 第41-44页 |
| 3.1.3 Mass-balance during methane-driven nitrate reduction by DAMO-anammox co-culture | 第44-45页 |
| 3.2 Microbial community structure and potential interactions in DAMO-anammox co-culture | 第45-49页 |
| 3.2.1 Global microbial community via 16S rRNA gene sequencing | 第45-47页 |
| 3.2.2 Proposed interactions in DAMO-anammox co-culture during nitrate reduction | 第47-49页 |
| 3.3 Enhanced nitrate reduction via a powdered zero-valent iron/activated carbon micro-electrolysis | 第49-55页 |
| 3.3.1 Comparison of nitrate reduciton by Fe~0/AC,Fe~0, Fe~0/sand and AC | 第49-50页 |
| 3.3.2 Effect of initial pH and Fe~0 to AC mass ratio | 第50-52页 |
| 3.3.3 Variations of ferrous ion and oxidation-reduction potential | 第52-54页 |
| 3.3.4 Proposed pathways of nitrate reduction by micro-electrolysis | 第54-55页 |
| 3.4 Summary | 第55-56页 |
| CHAPTER 4 Methane-supported Nitrate Removal from Well-oxygenated Groundwater:Implications from Dissolved Oxygen Effect on DAMO Biofilm | 第56-72页 |
| 4.1 Achieving stable nitrate removal under oxygen-limited conditions | 第56-64页 |
| 4.1.1 DAMO microbial enrichment in an MBfR | 第56-57页 |
| 4.1.2 Long-term methane-supported nitrate removal in an MBfR | 第57-60页 |
| 4.1.3 Production of VFAs by methane oxidation | 第60-61页 |
| 4.1.4 Mass-balance during microaerobic methane-driven nitrate reduction | 第61-64页 |
| 4.2 Microbial community structure and potential players for nitrate reduction under oxygen-limited conditions | 第64-68页 |
| 4.2.1 Functional microbial groups via FISH | 第64-65页 |
| 4.2.2 Global microbial community via 16S rRNA gene sequencing | 第65-66页 |
| 4.2.3 Proposed pathways of microaerobic methane-driven nitrate reduction | 第66-68页 |
| 4.3 Environmental implications | 第68-70页 |
| 4.3.1 Methane-supported nitrate removal from groundwater in an MBfR | 第68-70页 |
| 4.3.2 Biogeochemical nitrogen and carbon cycles under oxygen-limited conditions innatural niches | 第70页 |
| 4.4 Summary | 第70-72页 |
| CHAPTER 5 Microbial Chromate Reduction Driven by a Denitrifying Anaerobic MethaneOxidation Biofilm | 第72-92页 |
| 5.1 Demonstrating methane-driven microbial chromate reduction: batch culture | 第72-77页 |
| 5.1.1 Microbial chromate reduction | 第72-74页 |
| 5.1.2 Variations in VFAs, ammonium and phosphate | 第74-77页 |
| 5.2 Achieving methane-driven microbial chromate reduction: MBfR operation | 第77-81页 |
| 5.2.1 DAMO microbial enrichment in an MBfR | 第77-78页 |
| 5.2.2 Long-term methane-driven chromate bio-reduction in an MBfR | 第78-80页 |
| 5.2.3 Mass-balance during methane-driven chromate bio-reduction | 第80-81页 |
| 5.3 Tracing Cr speciation and distribution after chromate bio-reduction | 第81-84页 |
| 5.3.1 Cr speciation via XPS | 第81-82页 |
| 5.3.2 Cr distribution via Visual MINTEQ | 第82-84页 |
| 5.4 Microbial community structure and potential players for chromate bio-reduction | 第84-90页 |
| 5.4.1 Functional microbial groups via FISH | 第84-85页 |
| 5.4.2 Global microbial community via 16S rRNA gene sequencing | 第85-86页 |
| 5.4.3 Proposed pathways of anaerobic methane-driven chromate bio-reduction | 第86-89页 |
| 5.4.4 Comments to previous studies on methane-driven chromate bio-reduction | 第89-90页 |
| 5.5 Environmental implications | 第90-91页 |
| 5.6 Summary | 第91-92页 |
| CHAPTER 6 Microbial Perchlorate Reduction Driven by a Denitrifying Anaerobic Methane Oxidation Biofilm | 第92-106页 |
| 6.1 Demonstrating methane-driven microbial perchlorate reduction:batch culture | 第92-95页 |
| 6.1.1 Microbial perchlorate reduction | 第92-94页 |
| 6.1.2 Variations in VFAs, ammonium and phosphate | 第94-95页 |
| 6.2 Achieving methane-driven microbial perchlorate reduction:MBfR operation | 第95-99页 |
| 6.2.1 DAMO microbial enrichment in an MBfR | 第95-96页 |
| 6.2.2 Long-term methane-driven perchlorate bio-reduction in an MBfR | 第96-98页 |
| 6.2.3 Mass-balance during methane-driven perchlorate bio-reduction | 第98-99页 |
| 6.3 Microbial community structure and potential players for perchlorate bio-reduction | 第99-104页 |
| 6.3.1 Global microbial community via 16S rRNA gene sequencing | 第99-101页 |
| 6.3.2 Proposed pathways of anaerobic methane-driven perchlorate bio-reduction | 第101-104页 |
| 6.4 Environmental implications | 第104-105页 |
| 6.5 Summary | 第105-106页 |
| CHAPTER 7 Microbial Selenate Reduction Driven by a Denitrifying Anaerobic Methane Oxidation Biofilm | 第106-119页 |
| 7.1 Achieving methane-driven microbial selenate reduction | 第106-110页 |
| 7.1.1 DAMO microbial enrichment in an MBfR | 第106-107页 |
| 7.1.2 Long-term methane-driven selenate bio-reduction in an MBfR | 第107-109页 |
| 7.1.3 Mass-balance during methane-driven selenate bio-reduction | 第109-110页 |
| 7.2 Tracing Se distribution and speciation after selenate bio-reduction | 第110-112页 |
| 7.2.1 Se distribution via TEM-EDS | 第110-111页 |
| 7.2.2 Se speciation via XPS | 第111-112页 |
| 7.3 Microbial community structure and potential players for selenate bio-reduction | 第112-117页 |
| 7.3.1 Functional microbial groups via FISH | 第112-113页 |
| 7.3.2 Global microbial community via 16S rRNA gene sequencing | 第113-115页 |
| 7.3.3 Possible roles of Candidatus Methanoperedens and Candidatus Methylomirabilis | 第115-117页 |
| 7.3.4 Proposed pathways of anaerobic methane-driven selenate bio-reduction | 第117页 |
| 7.4 Environmental implications | 第117-118页 |
| 7.5 Summary | 第118-119页 |
| CHAPTER 8 Microbial Bromate Removal from Well-oxygenated Groundwater Driven by a Methane-supported Biofilm | 第119-129页 |
| 8.1 Achieving methane-supported microbial bromate removal | 第119-124页 |
| 8.1.1 DAMO microbial enrichment in an MBfR | 第119-120页 |
| 8.1.2 Long-term methane-supported bromate bio-removal in an MBfR | 第120-122页 |
| 8.1.3 Production of VFAs by methane oxidation | 第122-123页 |
| 8.1.4 Mass-balance during methane-driven bromate bio-reduction | 第123-124页 |
| 8.2 Microbial community structure and potential players for bromate bio-reduction | 第124-127页 |
| 8.2.1 Global microbial community via 16S rRNA gene sequencing | 第124-126页 |
| 8.2.2 Proposed pathways of microaerobic methane-driven bromate bio-reduction | 第126-127页 |
| 8.3 Environmental implications | 第127-128页 |
| 8.4 Summary | 第128-129页 |
| CHAPTER 9 Conclusions and Recommendations | 第129-132页 |
| 9.1 Main conclusions | 第129-131页 |
| 9.2 Recommendations | 第131-132页 |
| REFERENCES | 第132-142页 |
| PUBLICATIONS | 第142-143页 |
| ACKNOLEDGEMENTS | 第143页 |
