| 摘要 | 第9-11页 |
| ABSTRACT | 第11-12页 |
| ABBREVIATIONS | 第13-16页 |
| CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION AND LITERATURES REVIEWS | 第16-42页 |
| 1.1 INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS | 第16-20页 |
| 1.1.1 Candidate genes approach for animal breeding and selection | 第17页 |
| 1.1.2 The relationship of milk fat and milk SCS | 第17-18页 |
| 1.1.3 MAP4K4 gene for inflammation and immunity study | 第18页 |
| 1.1.4 DGAT1 gene for milk fat study | 第18-19页 |
| 1.1.5 Hypothesis of proposed thesis | 第19-20页 |
| 1.2 RESEARCH PROGRESSES OF DAIRY COW MASTITIS | 第20-30页 |
| 1.2.1 Introduction of bovine mastitis and its impact on dairy industry | 第20-27页 |
| 1.2.2 Genomic studies for bovine mastitis | 第27-30页 |
| 1.3 Mechanism of pattern recognition receptors during mastitis | 第30-34页 |
| 1.3.1 TLRs signaling in mastitis | 第30-32页 |
| 1.3.2 Mechanism of RLRs during mastitis | 第32-33页 |
| 1.3.3 NLRs and its expression during mastitis | 第33-34页 |
| 1.4 AN INTRODUCTION OF MAP KINASE | 第34-38页 |
| 1.4.1 MAP4K4 gene | 第35页 |
| 1.4.2 MAPK pathways in the signaling network in mammalian cells | 第35-38页 |
| 1.5 AN INTRODUCTION OF DGAT GENE | 第38-40页 |
| 1.5.1 DGAT gene structure, ontogeny and expression pattern | 第38-39页 |
| 1.5.2 DGAT1 gene and milk fat | 第39-40页 |
| 1.6 OBJECTIVES OF THE PROPOSED RESEARCH AND INNOVATIONS | 第40-42页 |
| 1.6.1. Experiment I | 第41页 |
| 1.6.2 Experiment II | 第41页 |
| 1.6.3 Experiment III | 第41页 |
| 1.6.4. Innovations | 第41-42页 |
| CHAPTER 2 ASSOCIATION OF SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS IN MAP4K4 GENEWITH MASTITIS AND MILK TRAITS IN DAIRY COW | 第42-52页 |
| 2.1 INTRODUCTION | 第42-43页 |
| 2.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS | 第43-46页 |
| 2.2.1 Ethics statement | 第43页 |
| 2.2.2 Blood sample collection and genomic DNA extraction | 第43-44页 |
| 2.2.3 Primer design and sequencing | 第44页 |
| 2.2.4 Sequence analysis and genotyping | 第44-45页 |
| 2.2.5 Statistical analysis | 第45-46页 |
| 2.3 RESULTS | 第46-50页 |
| 2.3.1 Characterization of Bovine MAP4k4 (boMAP4K4) SNPs | 第46-47页 |
| 2.3.2 Genotype and allelic frequencies | 第47-48页 |
| 2.3.3 Analysis of boMAP4K4 SNPs with SCS | 第48-49页 |
| 2.3.4 Association of boMAP4K4 SNPs with milk traits | 第49-50页 |
| 2.4 DISCUSSION | 第50-52页 |
| CHAPTER 3 FUNCTION AND MECHANISMS OF DIFFERENT SEQUENCE OF MAP4K4 GENEBETWEEN DAIRY COW AND BUFFALO | 第52-74页 |
| 3.1 INTRODUCTION | 第52-53页 |
| 3.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS | 第53-60页 |
| 3.2.1 Animals samples and DNA extraction | 第53-54页 |
| 3.2.2 Primer design, sequencing and SNP identification | 第54-55页 |
| 3.2.3 Bioinformatics analysis and software used | 第55-56页 |
| 3.2.4 Bovine mammary epithelium cell culture and LPS treatment | 第56-57页 |
| 3.2.5 Extraction of RNA and cDNA, qPCR | 第57页 |
| 3.2.6 Promoter cloning and generation of luciferase reporter constructs | 第57-59页 |
| 3.2.7 Cell lines and culture conditions | 第59页 |
| 3.2.8 Transient transfection and luciferase reporter assay | 第59页 |
| 3.2.9 Statistical analysis | 第59-60页 |
| 3.3 RESULTS | 第60-71页 |
| 3.3.2 Difference screening in cow and buffalo sequence | 第60-62页 |
| 3.3.3 Characterization of the bovine MAP4K4 gene 5’-regulatory region | 第62-65页 |
| 3.3.4 Protein interaction analysis | 第65页 |
| 3.3.5 Relative mRNA expression level analysis | 第65-66页 |
| 3.3.6 Single nucleotide polymorphism and comparison | 第66-67页 |
| 3.3.7 Construction of plasmid vectors | 第67页 |
| 3.3.8 Isolation of the functional proximal minimal promoter of MAP4K4 gene | 第67-69页 |
| 3.3.9 Comparison of functional minimal MAP4K4 promoter of cow and buffalo | 第69-71页 |
| 3.4 DISCUSSION | 第71-74页 |
| CHAPTER 4 THE FUNCTIONS AND MECHANISMS OF SEQUENCE DIFFERENCES OF DGAT1GENES ON MILK FAT IN BETWEEN DAIRY COW AND BUFFALO | 第74-93页 |
| 4.1 INTRODUCTION | 第74-75页 |
| 4.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS | 第75-79页 |
| 4.2.1 Animals samples and DNA extraction | 第75-76页 |
| 4.2.2 Primer design, sequencing and SNP identification | 第76-77页 |
| 4.2.3 Bioinformatics analysis and software used | 第77-78页 |
| 4.2.4 Promoter cloning and generation of luciferase reporter constructs | 第78页 |
| 4.2.5 Cell lines and culture conditions | 第78页 |
| 4.2.6 Transient transfection and luciferase reporter assay | 第78-79页 |
| 4.2.7 Statistical Analysis | 第79页 |
| 4.3 RESULTS | 第79-89页 |
| 4.3.1 Structure characteristics of the bovine DGAT1 gene | 第79-80页 |
| 4.3.2 Difference screening in cow and buffalo DGAT1 sequence | 第80-81页 |
| 4.3.3 Characterization of the bovine MAP4K4 gene 5’-regulatory region | 第81-84页 |
| 4.3.4 Protein interaction analysis | 第84页 |
| 4.3.5 Single nucleotide polymorphism and comparison | 第84-85页 |
| 4.3.6 Construction of PLASMID VECTORS | 第85-86页 |
| 4.3.7 Isolation of the functional proximal minimal promoter of DGAT1 gene | 第86-88页 |
| 4.3.8 Comparison of the functional minimal DGAT1 promoter of cow and buffalo | 第88-89页 |
| 4.4 DISCUSSION | 第89-93页 |
| CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE DIRECTION | 第93-95页 |
| REFERENCES | 第95-119页 |
| LIST OF TABLES | 第119-120页 |
| LIST OF FIGURE LEGENDS | 第120-128页 |
| LIST OF APPENDIX | 第128-140页 |
| APPENDIX 1.1 | 第128-129页 |
| APPENDIX 1.2 | 第129-130页 |
| APPENDIX 2.1 | 第130-132页 |
| APPENDIX 3.1 | 第132-133页 |
| APPENDIX 3.2 | 第133-134页 |
| APPENDIX 3.3 | 第134-135页 |
| APPENDIX 3.4 | 第135-136页 |
| APPENDIX 4.1 | 第136-137页 |
| APPENDIX 4.2 | 第137-138页 |
| APPENDIX 4.3 | 第138-139页 |
| APPENDIX 4.4 | 第139-140页 |
| ACKNOWLEDGEMENT | 第140-143页 |
| LIST OF PUBLICATIONS | 第143-145页 |
| AUTHORS BIBLIOGRAPHY | 第145-147页 |
