| 摘要 | 第1-6页 |
| Abstract | 第6-12页 |
| Introduction | 第12-16页 |
| Chapter 1 Collaborative Learning | 第16-29页 |
| ·Definition | 第16-17页 |
| ·Characteristics of Collaborative Learning | 第17-20页 |
| ·Approaches Applied in Collaborative Learning | 第20-22页 |
| ·Evaluation of Collaborative Learning | 第22-26页 |
| ·Need for Implementing Collaborative Learning Out of Class | 第26-29页 |
| Chapter 2 Theoretical Basis of Implementing Collaborative Learning Out of Class | 第29-43页 |
| ·Definition of Constructivism | 第29-31页 |
| ·Fundamental Tenets of Constructivism | 第31-34页 |
| ·Active Construction of Knowledge | 第31-32页 |
| ·Real World Contexts and Problem-Solving | 第32-33页 |
| ·Social negotiation | 第33-34页 |
| ·The Constructivist Learning Environment | 第34-35页 |
| ·A Constructivist Model of Out-of-Class Collaborative Learning | 第35-43页 |
| ·Environment | 第36-38页 |
| ·Task | 第38-40页 |
| ·Student's Role | 第40-41页 |
| ·Teacher's Role | 第41-43页 |
| Chapter 3 Application of Collaborative Learning Out of Class | 第43-57页 |
| ·Research Questions | 第43-44页 |
| ·Participants | 第44-46页 |
| ·The Time Span | 第46页 |
| ·Out-of-Class Collaborative Learning in Practice | 第46-49页 |
| ·Instruments | 第49-55页 |
| ·Background Questionnaire | 第50-52页 |
| ·Post-Experiment Questionnaire | 第52-53页 |
| ·Scores of Terminal Oral Examination | 第53-54页 |
| ·Students' Weekly Journals, Self-Reflection Reports and Interviews | 第54-55页 |
| ·Data Collection and Analysis | 第55-57页 |
| Chapter 4 Description of Results | 第57-71页 |
| ·Descriptive Statistics of Participants before the Experiment | 第57-60页 |
| ·Post-Experimental Differences between the Experimental and Control Group | 第60-66页 |
| ·Differences in Frequency of Employing MetacognitiveStrategies | 第60-63页 |
| ·Differences in Motivation and Attitude | 第63-64页 |
| ·Differences in Terminal Oral Examination | 第64-66页 |
| ·Student Responses to Collaborative Learning | 第66-67页 |
| ·Information from Qualitative Measures | 第67-71页 |
| ·Collaborative Learning and Metacognitive Strategy | 第67-68页 |
| ·Collaborative Learning, Motivation and attitude | 第68-69页 |
| ·Suggestions to Collaborative Learning | 第69-71页 |
| Chapter 5 Discussion | 第71-87页 |
| ·Influences of Collaborative Learning on Student's Out-of-Class Learning | 第71-79页 |
| ·Collaborative Learning Helps Learner Employ Metacognitive Strategies | 第71-75页 |
| ·Collaborative Learning Strengthens Learner's Intrinsic Motivation and Facilitate Positive Attitude | 第75-78页 |
| ·Collaborative Learning Improves Academic Achievement of Terminal Oral Examination | 第78-79页 |
| ·Student Reactions to Out-of-Class Collaborative Learning | 第79-83页 |
| ·Implications | 第83-87页 |
| Conclusion | 第87-91页 |
| Bibliography | 第91-102页 |
| Appendices | 第102-121页 |
| Appendix 1 | 第102-107页 |
| Appendix 2 | 第107-111页 |
| Appendix 3 | 第111-114页 |
| Appendix 4 | 第114-115页 |
| Appendix 5 | 第115-116页 |
| Appendix 6 | 第116-117页 |
| Appendix 7 | 第117-121页 |
| Acknowledgements | 第121-122页 |
| 攻读学位期间主要研究成果 | 第122页 |
