| Chapter 1 Introduction | 第1-29页 |
| ·Bilingualism, multilingualism and the globalization | 第24-26页 |
| ·The objective of the thesis | 第26-27页 |
| ·The organization of the dissertation | 第27-29页 |
| Chapter 2 Language and the learning of a language | 第29-44页 |
| Introduction: | 第29页 |
| ·The nature of language | 第29-31页 |
| ·Reasons for second language learning | 第31-32页 |
| ·Language development | 第32-35页 |
| ·First language development | 第32-34页 |
| ·Language acquisition device and motherese | 第34页 |
| ·Stages of first language development | 第34-35页 |
| ·Second language acquisition | 第35-38页 |
| ·Transferring or recapitulating first language development? | 第35-36页 |
| ·Children and interaction | 第36-38页 |
| ·The role of comprehensible input, output and interaction | 第38-42页 |
| ·Input is not enough | 第38-39页 |
| ·Interaction and output | 第39-42页 |
| Summary | 第42-44页 |
| Chapter 3 The role of age on language education | 第44-57页 |
| Introduction | 第44页 |
| ·The critical period and time-bound learning | 第44-47页 |
| ·Other evidences for the critical period | 第47-50页 |
| ·The critical period in second language acquisition | 第50-54页 |
| ·Critical period and age of arrival | 第51-52页 |
| ·Native-like proficiency and younger age | 第52-53页 |
| ·Correlation between accent and age | 第53-54页 |
| ·Experimental factors favoring childhood language learning | 第54-56页 |
| Summary | 第56-57页 |
| Chapter 4 A review of immersion education in Canada | 第57-78页 |
| Introduction | 第57页 |
| ·General program description | 第57-59页 |
| ·Outcome and explanation | 第59-61页 |
| ·Academic achievement | 第61-63页 |
| ·First language development | 第63-65页 |
| ·Second language development | 第65-70页 |
| ·Early learning and second language achievement | 第65-66页 |
| ·Partial immersion and second language development | 第66-67页 |
| ·The overall amount of time and second language achievement | 第67-69页 |
| ·Advantages of early start | 第69-70页 |
| ·Social and psychological effect | 第70-72页 |
| ·Linguistic interdependence and common underlying proficiency (CUP) | 第72-73页 |
| ·The importance of the first language | 第73-75页 |
| ·First language to the psychological well-being of the students | 第73页 |
| ·First language literacy-related instruction and second language achievement | 第73-75页 |
| ·Factors contributing to the success of the French immersion programs | 第75-76页 |
| ·Conditions for generalizing immersion education | 第76-77页 |
| Summary | 第77-78页 |
| Chapter 5 Bilingual teaching in China: research and evaluation | 第78-87页 |
| Introduction | 第78-79页 |
| ·Hypotheses | 第79页 |
| ·The experiment | 第79-84页 |
| ·Princlple findings of the experiment | 第84-86页 |
| Summary | 第86-87页 |
| Chapter 6 Bilingualism, bilingual education and effect | 第87-102页 |
| Introduction | 第87页 |
| ·Bilingualism: definition | 第87-90页 |
| ·Bilingual education and the effect | 第90-92页 |
| ·Historical introduction | 第90页 |
| ·Varieties of bilingual education | 第90-91页 |
| ·The effectiveness of bilingual education | 第91-92页 |
| ·Bilingualism and Mental linguistic and cognitive development | 第92-99页 |
| ·Linguistic skills | 第94-95页 |
| ·Orientation to linguistic and perceptual structures | 第95-96页 |
| ·Sensitivity to feedback cues | 第96-97页 |
| ·Divergent thinking | 第97-98页 |
| ·Studies reporting negative associations | 第98-99页 |
| ·Threshold levels of linguistic proficiency | 第99-101页 |
| Summary | 第101-102页 |
| Chapter 7 Bilingual proficiency | 第102-124页 |
| Introduction | 第102-103页 |
| ·Theoretical approaches to the construct of 'language proficiency' | 第103-107页 |
| ·Basic interpersonal communicative skill (BICS) and cognitive /academic language proficiency (CALP) | 第107-109页 |
| ·Pedagogical implication of the theoretical framework | 第109-112页 |
| ·Grammatical competition and exposure | 第112-116页 |
| ·Representing two languages: one system or two | 第116-124页 |
| ·Compounding, coordinate and subordinate bilingualism | 第116-119页 |
| ·A single mental representation | 第119页 |
| ·Language representations as comprised of several subsystems | 第119-121页 |
| ·Conceptual primitives, cognitive apparatus and multilingualism 98 Summary | 第121-124页 |
| Chapter 8 Conclusion | 第124-128页 |
| Bibliography | 第128-140页 |
