| 中文摘要 | 第1-9页 |
| 英文摘要 | 第9-22页 |
| 1 Chapter One Overview | 第22-56页 |
| ·Wheat stripe rust | 第22-36页 |
| ·Wheat resistance to stripe rust | 第23-25页 |
| ·Genetics of wheat resistance to stripe rust | 第25-27页 |
| ·Quntitative resistance to stripe rust | 第27-28页 |
| ·Durable, high temperature, adult plant resistance and slow rusting | 第28-29页 |
| ·Resistance mechanisms in plants to fungal pathogens | 第29-30页 |
| ·Resistance to infection process | 第30-32页 |
| ·Hypersensitivity resistance | 第32页 |
| ·Molecular markers | 第32-36页 |
| ·Wheat powdery mildew | 第36-43页 |
| ·The origin and chromosomal location | 第36-41页 |
| ·Molecular genetic studies of wheat powdery mildew resistance genes | 第41-43页 |
| ·Leaf senescence | 第43-56页 |
| ·Leaf senescence related with crop yield | 第44-45页 |
| ·Degradation of the chloroplast, its significance and its possible role in initiation of leafsenescence | 第45页 |
| ·Molecular mechanism | 第45-46页 |
| ·Significance of chloroplast degradation and induction of leaf senescence | 第46-47页 |
| ·Molecular mechanism of foliar senescence Leaf senescence as a programmed cell death | 第47-48页 |
| ·Signals for expression of senescence-associated genes | 第48页 |
| ·Regulation of gene action | 第48-49页 |
| ·Photosynthesis studies in wheat | 第49-50页 |
| ·The influence of different genome on net photosynthesis rate (P_n) in wheat genetic background | 第50-51页 |
| ·Physiological factors limiting the yield of crops | 第51-53页 |
| ·Physiological index related with P_n | 第53-54页 |
| ·Genetic diversity of photosynthesis | 第54-56页 |
| 2 Chapter Two | 第56-64页 |
| ·Indtroduction | 第56页 |
| ·Material and methods | 第56-58页 |
| ·Host material | 第56-57页 |
| ·Pathogen material | 第57页 |
| ·Experimental design and plant culture | 第57页 |
| ·Rust development and data collection | 第57-58页 |
| ·Results | 第58-62页 |
| ·Resistance response of parents and Fl's plants | 第58-62页 |
| ·Disscusion | 第62-64页 |
| 3 Chapter Three | 第64-73页 |
| ·Introduction | 第64-65页 |
| ·Material and Method | 第65-67页 |
| ·Plant materials | 第65页 |
| ·Pathogen materials | 第65页 |
| ·Testing for Resistance | 第65-66页 |
| ·Preparation of plant DNA | 第66页 |
| ·PCR amplification | 第66-67页 |
| ·Electrophoresis and gel visualization | 第67页 |
| ·Marker nomenclature | 第67页 |
| ·Linkage analysis | 第67页 |
| ·Results | 第67-68页 |
| ·Resistance response of the analyzed wheat lines and cultivars | 第67页 |
| ·Inheritance of the stripe rust resistance in AIM6 | 第67-68页 |
| ·Microsatellite marker linkages with resistance gene in wheat line AIM6 | 第68页 |
| ·The genetic map of the resistance gene to stripe rust in wheat line AIM6 | 第68页 |
| ·Marker diagnosis | 第68页 |
| ·Discussion | 第68-73页 |
| ·The gene for resistance to stripe rust in wheat line and cultivars CN19, AIM5 and AIM6 | 第69页 |
| ·Microsatellite marker and map location of the stripe rust resistance gene in wheat line AIM6 | 第69-70页 |
| ·The gene in wheat line AIM6 for resistance to stripe rust is a new gene | 第70-71页 |
| ·The utilization of YrCN19 in wheat resistance breeding | 第71-73页 |
| 4 Chapter Four | 第73-80页 |
| ·Introduction | 第73页 |
| ·Materials and Method | 第73-75页 |
| ·Plant material | 第74页 |
| ·Pathogen material | 第74页 |
| ·Plant culture and evaluation for stripe rust resistance | 第74页 |
| ·Extraction of plant DNA | 第74页 |
| ·PCR amplification | 第74-75页 |
| ·Electrophoresis and gel visualization | 第75页 |
| ·Results | 第75-76页 |
| ·Resistance response of different genotypes | 第75页 |
| ·Diagnosis of the resistance gene YrCN19 | 第75页 |
| ·The resistance genetic behavior varied across different genetic backgrounds | 第75-76页 |
| ·Discussion | 第76-80页 |
| ·Xgwm410 was a effective diagnostic marker of YrCN19 | 第76-77页 |
| ·The behavior of YrCN19 was related with genetic background influencing | 第77-80页 |
| 5 Chapter Five | 第80-93页 |
| ·Introduction | 第80-81页 |
| ·Material and methods | 第81-82页 |
| ·Host material | 第81页 |
| ·Pathogen material | 第81-82页 |
| ·Experimental design and plant culture | 第82页 |
| ·Rust development and data collection | 第82页 |
| ·Results and Discussion | 第82-93页 |
| ·The virulent of CYR32 to resistance gene | 第82-83页 |
| ·The resistance response of different genotype to CYR32 | 第83页 |
| ·New wheat stripe rust resistance resources | 第83-84页 |
| ·The utilization of new resistance resources in wheat resistance breeding | 第84-93页 |
| 6 Chapter Six | 第93-99页 |
| ·Introduction | 第93-94页 |
| ·Material and Method | 第94-95页 |
| ·Plant materials | 第94页 |
| ·Pathogen materials | 第94页 |
| ·Testing for Resistance | 第94-95页 |
| ·Results | 第95-98页 |
| ·Resistance response of different | 第95-97页 |
| ·Response of various Yr genotypes to CYR32 | 第97页 |
| ·Inheritance of the stripe rust resistance in R212 | 第97-98页 |
| ·Discussion | 第98-99页 |
| 7 Chapter Seven | 第99-108页 |
| ·Introduction | 第99页 |
| ·Material and methods | 第99-100页 |
| ·Plant materials | 第99-100页 |
| ·Pathogen materials | 第100页 |
| ·Testing for Resistance | 第100页 |
| ·Statistical analysis | 第100页 |
| ·Results and analysis | 第100-108页 |
| ·Resistance response of wheat line to powdery mildew pathogen | 第100-101页 |
| ·Identification of new resistance genes from Elytrigia. Intermedium to wheat powdery mildew | 第101-102页 |
| ·The genetic behavior of Pm35 and Pm36 | 第102-108页 |
| 8 Chapter Eight | 第108-119页 |
| ·Introduction | 第108-109页 |
| ·Materials and Methods | 第109-110页 |
| ·Plant material | 第109页 |
| ·Determination of CHL content | 第109页 |
| ·Measurement of accumulated MDA | 第109-110页 |
| ·Measurement of photosynthetic indices | 第110页 |
| ·Transmission electron microscopy(TEM) | 第110页 |
| ·Grain weight and yield | 第110页 |
| ·Statistical analysis | 第110页 |
| ·Results | 第110-114页 |
| ·Exhibition of chlorosis phenotype in F_2 populations and F_2 family lines | 第110-112页 |
| ·The differences between physiological and harvest indices | 第112-113页 |
| ·Relationship between physiological indices and harvest indices | 第113页 |
| ·Microstructure of chlorosis plants and "stay-green" plants | 第113-114页 |
| ·Discussion | 第114-119页 |
| ·Chlorosis phenotype is controlled by a recessive gene | 第114-115页 |
| ·Significant difference in physiological indices and harvest indices, and the role of physiological indices in affecting grain yield | 第115-116页 |
| ·Chloroplast centripetal movement in the chlorosis plants was related to leaf senescence | 第116-119页 |
| 9 Chapter Nine | 第119-137页 |
| ·Introduction | 第119-120页 |
| ·Experimental Procedures | 第120-121页 |
| ·Growth of Plants | 第120页 |
| ·Measurement of accumulated MDA | 第120页 |
| ·Determination of CHL content | 第120-121页 |
| ·Assay of enzyme activities | 第121页 |
| ·Measurement of photosynthetic indices | 第121页 |
| ·Transmission electron microscopy(TEM) | 第121页 |
| ·Grain weight and yield | 第121页 |
| ·Statistical analysis | 第121页 |
| ·Results | 第121-124页 |
| ·Identification of stay green wheat cultivar CN17 with delayed leaf senescence | 第121-122页 |
| ·Biochemical parameters changes and biochemical efficiency during leaves senescence | 第122页 |
| ·Changes of photosynthetic parameters | 第122-123页 |
| ·Variation of chloroplast development in different genotypes | 第123-124页 |
| ·Grain yields and weights | 第124页 |
| ·Discussion | 第124-137页 |
| 10 Chapter Ten | 第137-147页 |
| ·Introduction | 第137-138页 |
| ·Materials and methods | 第138-139页 |
| ·Genetic materials | 第138页 |
| ·Plants grown | 第138页 |
| ·Photosynthetic indices | 第138页 |
| ·Grain weight and yield | 第138页 |
| ·Diagnosis of 1RS/1BL translocation chromosome | 第138-139页 |
| ·Determination of protein content | 第139页 |
| ·Statistical analysis | 第139页 |
| ·Results | 第139-140页 |
| ·Morphological, physiological and yield index of both the stay green genotype CN17 and the control genotype MY11 | 第139页 |
| ·The transmission of 1BL/1RS translocated chromosome by both male and female gametes | 第139-140页 |
| ·Correlation between indices | 第140页 |
| ·Discussion | 第140-147页 |
| 11 Chatper Eleven | 第147-162页 |
| ·Introduction | 第147-148页 |
| ·Materials and methods | 第148-149页 |
| ·Genetic materials | 第148页 |
| ·Plants grown | 第148页 |
| ·Measurement of photosynthetic indices | 第148-149页 |
| ·Detection of 1RS/1BL translocation chromosome | 第149页 |
| ·Measurement of protein content | 第149页 |
| ·Measurement of yield index | 第149页 |
| ·Procedure and analysis | 第149页 |
| ·Results and discussion | 第149-162页 |
| Reference | 第162-195页 |
| Acknowledgments | 第195页 |
