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Modification of Cellulosic Materials by Reactive Extrusion Process with Ionic Liquids

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS第5-12页
ABSTRACT第12-13页
ABBREVIATIONS第14-24页
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION第24-30页
    1.1 Introduction第24-27页
        1.1.1 Cellulose第24-26页
        1.1.2 Cellulose dissolution with ionic liquids第26页
        1.1.3 Cellulose and extrusion process第26-27页
    1.2 Statement of problem第27-28页
    1.3 Purpose of study第28-29页
    1.4 Thesis layout第29-30页
CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW第30-55页
    2.1. Cellulose polymer第30-35页
        2.1.1. Cellulose molecule at the molecular level第30-31页
        2.1.2. Cellulose and hydrogen bonds第31-33页
        2.1.3. Supramolecular structure of cellulose第33-34页
        2.1.4. Cellulose reactivity and reactions第34-35页
    2.2. Ionic liquids第35-37页
    2.3. Ionic liquids and cellulose dissolution第37-40页
    2.4. Modification of cellulose through ILs media第40-43页
    2.5. Succinoylation of cellulose through ILs media第43-47页
        2.5.1. Cellulose modification with succinic anhydride in ionic liquid第43-45页
        2.5.2. Cellulose modification with dodecenyl succinic anhydride(DDSA)第45-47页
    2.6. Phthalylation of cellulose through ILs media第47-49页
        2.6.1. Cellulose modification with phthalic anhydride through ILs media第48-49页
    2.7. Modification of cellulose by blending technique through ILs media第49-53页
        2.7.1. Cellulose blending with PEGs第49-53页
    2.8. Cellulose and extrusion process第53-55页
CHAPTER 3 CELLULOSE DISSOLUTION第55-69页
    3.1. Abstract第55页
    3.2. Introduction第55-58页
    3.3. Experiment第58-61页
        3.3.1. Materials第58-59页
        3.3.2. Preparation of the extrusion mixture第59页
        3.3.3. Extrusion and precipitation第59-60页
        3.3.4. Characterizations第60-61页
    3.4. Results and Discussion第61-68页
        3.4.1. Degree of polymerization of microcrystalline cellulose(DP)第61-62页
        3.4.2. Polarized optical microscope for extruded cellulose/ILs第62-63页
        3.4.3. The Effect of IL's amount in efficiency of dissolution第63-64页
        3.4.4. ATR-FTIR Spectra第64-65页
        3.4.5. X-Ray Diffraction(XRD)Analysis第65-67页
        3.4.6. Thermal Analysis第67-68页
    3.5. Conclusions第68-69页
CHAPTER 4 CELLULOSE SUCCINYLATION第69-95页
    4.1. Abstract第69页
    4.2. Introduction第69-70页
    4.3. Experiment第70-74页
        4.3.1. Materials第70-71页
        4.3.2. Preparation the mixtures(Cellulose/IL/reagent)of extrusion第71页
        4.3.3. Extrusion process第71页
        4.3.4. Precipitation and Purification第71-72页
        4.3.5. Characterizations第72-74页
    4.4. Results and discussion第74-94页
        4.4.1. Degree of substitutions(DS)第74-75页
        4.4.2. Fourier Transform Infra-Red(FTIR)spectroscopic analysis第75-79页
        4.4.3. X-Ray Diffraction(XRD)Analysis第79-84页
        4.4.4. Solid-state CP/MAS ~(13)C-NMR spectroscopy analysis(~(13)C-NMR)第84-87页
        4.4.5. Theromgravimetric Analysis(TGA)第87-91页
        4.4.6. Effect of reagents molecular weight of on thermal properties of succinylated cellulose第91-93页
        4.4.7. Effect of reagents content and its molecular weight on degree of substitution第93-94页
    4.5. Conclusions第94-95页
CHAPTER 5 CELLULOSE PHTHALYLATION第95-120页
    5.1. Abstract第95页
    5.2. Introduction第95-97页
    5.3. Experiment第97-100页
        5.3.1. Materials第97页
        5.3.2. Preparation the mixtures(cellulose/ILs/reagents)of extrusion第97-98页
        5.3.3. Extrusion process第98-99页
        5.3.4. Precipitation and purification第99页
        5.3.5. Characterizations第99-100页
    5.4. Results and Discussion第100-119页
        5.4.1. Degree of substitution(DS)第100-101页
        5.4.2. Fourier Transform Infra-Red(FTIR)spectroscopic analysis第101-105页
        5.4.3. X-Ray Diffraction(XRD)Analysis第105-109页
        5.4.4. Solid-state CP/MAS ~(13)C-NMR spectroscopy analysis(~(13)C-NMR)第109-112页
        5.4.5. Theromgravimetric Analysis(TGA)第112-116页
        5.4.6. Effect of reagent contents and its molecular weight on the degree of substitution (DS)第116-117页
        5.4.7. Effect of reagents molecular weight of on thermal properties of phthalated cellulose第117-119页
    5.5. Conclusions第119-120页
CHAPTER 6 CELLULOSE/PEG BLENDS第120-144页
    6.1. Abstract第120页
    6.2. Introduction第120-122页
    6.3. Experiment第122-125页
        6.3.1. Materials第122页
        6.3.2. Preparation of the extrusion mixture第122页
        6.3.3. Extrusion process第122-123页
        6.3.4. Extrude purification第123-124页
        6.3.5. Characterizations第124-125页
    6.4. Results and discussion第125-142页
        6.4.1. Fourier Transform Infra-Red(FTIR) spectroscopic analysis第125-128页
        6.4.2. Interactions of cellulose with PEG第128-129页
        6.4.3. Elemental analysis第129-130页
        6.4.4. X-Ray Diffraction(XRD)Analysis第130-135页
        6.4.5. Effect of PEG content and on the degree of crystallinity of cellulose/PEG第135-137页
        6.4.6. Theromgravimetric Analysis(TGA)第137-141页
        6.4.7. Effect of molecular weight of PEG's on the thermal properties of cellulose/PEG blends第141-142页
    6.5. Conclusion第142-144页
CHAPTER 7 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS第144-147页
    7.1. Conclusions第144-145页
    7.2. Recommendations第145-147页
References第147-163页
LIST OF PUBLICATION第163-164页

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