| ABSTRACT | 第5-6页 |
| 摘要 | 第7-9页 |
| Abbreviations | 第9-24页 |
| Part 1 Isolation and Purification of Naturally Occurring Constitutes from Medicinal Plants Cirsium arvense | 第24-47页 |
| Chapter 1 General Introduction | 第25-41页 |
| 1.1 Importance of Natural Products in Chemistry | 第25-33页 |
| 1.1.1 Types of natural products | 第26页 |
| 1.1.2 Natural Products from Microorganisms | 第26-27页 |
| 1.1.3 Natural products from marine organisms | 第27页 |
| 1.1.4 Natural products from animal sources | 第27-28页 |
| 1.1.5 Natural Products from Plant Sources | 第28页 |
| 1.1.6 Importance of Plants in Herbal Medicine | 第28页 |
| 1.1.7 Role of Plants in Modern Society | 第28页 |
| 1.1.8 Plants Used as Medicines | 第28-32页 |
| 1.1.9 Family Asteraceae | 第32页 |
| 1.1.10 Medicinal Importance of Cirsium species | 第32-33页 |
| 1.2 General Experimental Conditions | 第33-38页 |
| 1.2.1 Melting Point | 第33页 |
| 1.2.2 Solvents | 第33页 |
| 1.2.3. Spectroscopy | 第33-34页 |
| 1.2.4 Purification Techniques | 第34-35页 |
| 1.2.5 Spray reagents | 第35页 |
| 1.2.6 Plant Material | 第35页 |
| 1.2.7 Extraction& Isolation | 第35-36页 |
| 1.2.8 Antimicrobial assay | 第36-38页 |
| 1.3 Results and Discussion | 第38-41页 |
| 1.3.1 Antimicrobial activity | 第40-41页 |
| Conclusion | 第41-43页 |
| References | 第43-47页 |
| Part 2 Electro organic Syntheses of Pyrimidine Derivatives | 第47-99页 |
| Chapter 2 | 第47-60页 |
| 2.1 Literature review of electro organic syntheses | 第47-60页 |
| 2.1.1 Importance of electrochemical studies | 第47-48页 |
| 2.1.2 Electrochemical process | 第48页 |
| 2.1.3 Classification of electrochemical reaction | 第48-50页 |
| 2.1.3.1 Direct reaction | 第49-50页 |
| 2.1.3.2 Indirect or mediated reaction | 第50页 |
| 2.1.4 Parameter used during electrochemical process | 第50-51页 |
| 2.1.5 Electrodes and Electrode Materials | 第51-52页 |
| 2.1.6 Media for electrochemical reaction | 第52页 |
| 2.1.7 Solvents | 第52-53页 |
| 2.1.8 Supporting Electrolytes | 第53页 |
| 2.1.9 Solvent-Electrolyte-Electrode Combination (SEEC) | 第53-54页 |
| 2.1.10 Electrochemical Techniques | 第54-57页 |
| 2.1.11 Investigation of Electrode Reaction Mechanisms (IERM) | 第57-58页 |
| 2.1.12 Cathodic Synthetic Process | 第58-60页 |
| Chapter 3 Role of Pyrimidine in Pharmaceutical Field | 第60-82页 |
| 3.1 Introduction | 第60页 |
| 3.2 Types of Pyrimidines | 第60-63页 |
| 3.3 Naturally Occurring Pyrimidines | 第63-64页 |
| 3.4 General Synthetic Routes to Pyrimidines | 第64页 |
| 3.4.1 Syntheses of Pyrimidines by chemical method | 第64页 |
| 3.4.2 Syntheses of Pyrimidines by electrochemical method | 第64页 |
| 3.5 Syntheses of Pyrimidines by Chemical Methods | 第64-65页 |
| 3.6 Syntheses of Pyrimidines by Electrochemical Method | 第65-66页 |
| 3.7 General Mechanism of Electrochemical (EC) Methods to Synthesize Organic Compounds | 第66-68页 |
| 3.8 Experimental | 第68-71页 |
| 3.8.1 Chemicals and Materials | 第68页 |
| 3.8.2 Electrochemical Cell | 第68页 |
| 3.8.3 Instrumentations & Measurements | 第68-69页 |
| 3.8.4 Spectroscopic data of Pyrimidines compounds | 第69-70页 |
| 3.8.5 Antimicrobial Activity Tests | 第70页 |
| 3.8.6 Anti-bacterial Activities | 第70-71页 |
| 3.9 Results & Discussion | 第71-82页 |
| 3.9.1 Electro-oxidation of methyl hydroquinone (1b) in the presence of 4,6-dimethylpyrimidine-2-thiol (3) | 第76-78页 |
| 3.9.2 Electro-oxidation of 3-methoxyhudroquinone (1c) in the presence of 4,6-dimethylpyrimidine-2-thiol (3) | 第78-82页 |
| Chapter 4 Electrochemical Synthesis of Sulfanyl Compounds and their Biological Studies | 第82-99页 |
| 4.1 Introduction | 第82-84页 |
| 4.1.1 Types of sulfanyl compounds | 第83-84页 |
| 4.2 Experimental | 第84-86页 |
| 4.2.1 Chemicals and Materials | 第84页 |
| 4.2.2 Electrochemical Cell | 第84页 |
| 4.2.3 Instrumentations &Measurements | 第84页 |
| 4.2.4 Anti-bacterial Activities | 第84页 |
| 4.2.5 Electrochemical synthesis of sulfanyl derivatives (1a-4a) | 第84-85页 |
| 4.2.6 Spectroscopic data of sulfanyl compounds | 第85-86页 |
| 4.3 Results & Discussion | 第86-94页 |
| 4.3.1 Electrochemical oxidation of methoxy catechol (1b) in the presence of 4-Mercapto-benzoicacid (3) | 第90-92页 |
| 4.3.2 Effect of pH on electrochemical oxidation of catechol both in the presence and absence of4-Mercapto-benzoic acid | 第92-94页 |
| Conclusion | 第94-95页 |
| References | 第95-99页 |
| Part 3 Electrochemical Fluorination to Selected Organic Compounds | 第99-138页 |
| Chanter 5 | 第99-116页 |
| 5.1 Introduction | 第99-100页 |
| 5.2 Function of Fluorine in Medicinal Chemistry | 第100-102页 |
| 5.3 Function of fluorination in positron Emission Tomography (FPET) | 第102-103页 |
| 5.4 Disadvantages of current fluorinated synthetic method | 第103页 |
| 5.5 Fluorination to Organic Compounds by Electrochemical Method | 第103-105页 |
| 5.6 Fluorination process | 第105-107页 |
| 5.7 Electrochemical Cell Design | 第107-108页 |
| 5.8 Effect of Electrode Materials on Fluorination Process | 第108-109页 |
| 5.9 Effect of Solvents on Electrochemical Process | 第109-112页 |
| 5.10 Effect of Supporting Electrolytes on Fluorination process | 第112-113页 |
| 5.11 Electrochemical per fluorination (ECPF) Of Organic Compounds | 第113-114页 |
| 5.12 Electrolytic Partial Fluorination of Organic Compounds | 第114-116页 |
| Chapter 6 | 第116-138页 |
| 6.1 Function of Ionic liquid (ILs) in partial and selective fluorination to organic compoundsin electrochemical method | 第116-127页 |
| 6.1.1 Ionic Liquid background | 第116页 |
| 6.1.2 Ionic Liquid Hydrogen Fluoride Salt | 第116-118页 |
| 6.1.3 Electrochemical Properties of ILs | 第118页 |
| 6.1.4 ILs as fluorinating agent in EF process | 第118-127页 |
| 6.2 Experimental | 第127-130页 |
| 6.2.1 Chemicals and Regents | 第127页 |
| 6.2.2 Instrumentations & Measurements | 第127页 |
| 6.2.3 Electrochemical Cell | 第127-128页 |
| 6.2.4 Experimental procedure | 第128-130页 |
| 6.3 Result & Discussion | 第130-132页 |
| Conclusion | 第132-133页 |
| References | 第133-138页 |
| Chapter 7 General Conclusion and Summary of the Projects | 第138-141页 |
| ACKNOWLEDGEMENT | 第141-143页 |
| 攻读期成果 | 第143-145页 |
| 作者简介 | 第145-147页 |
| 导师简介 | 第147-149页 |
| 附件 | 第149-150页 |
