| ABSTRACT | 第5-6页 |
| Chapter 1-Introduction | 第12-32页 |
| 1.1. General introduction and historical background | 第12-14页 |
| 1.2. Production and reaction mechanisms involved in pyrolysis of lignocellulosicbiomass | 第14-18页 |
| 1.2.1. Production of biomass-derived pyrogenic carbon (biochar) | 第14-15页 |
| 1.2.2. Formation mechanisms of biochar during thermochemical conversionof lignocellulosic biomass | 第15-17页 |
| 1.2.3. Physicochemical characteristics of pyrogenic products | 第17-18页 |
| 1.3. Applications of biochar | 第18-27页 |
| 1.3.1. Agro-environmental application (soil remediation) | 第18-20页 |
| 1.3.2. Waste water treatment | 第20-22页 |
| 1.3.3. Applications in energy production | 第22-23页 |
| 1.3.4. Biochar as a carbon sink (tool to mitigate global warming) | 第23-27页 |
| 1.4. Issues associated with the application of biochar | 第27页 |
| 1.5. Scope and overall objects of the present study | 第27-32页 |
| 1.5.1. Production charactristics, transformation behavious of PTEs andisotopic composition of biochar | 第27-28页 |
| 1.5.2. Environmental applications of biochar | 第28-32页 |
| Chapter 2-Physico-chemical characteristics of pyrolytic products duringthermochemical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass | 第32-63页 |
| 2.1. Introduction | 第32-35页 |
| 2.2. Experimental section | 第35-41页 |
| 2.2.1. Preparation of feed-material | 第35页 |
| 2.2.2. Pyrolysis reactor and experimental procedure | 第35-37页 |
| 2.2.3. Physico-chemical characterization | 第37-41页 |
| 2.3. Results and Discussion | 第41-62页 |
| 2.3.1. Thermal degradation of lignocellulosic biomass | 第41-42页 |
| 2.3.2. Influence of pyrolysis conditions on production characteristics | 第42-44页 |
| 2.3.3. Proximate analysis of biochar | 第44-49页 |
| 2.3.4. Physicochemical characteristics of biochar | 第49-53页 |
| 2.3.5. Functional groups and Surface chemistry of biochar influenced bypyrolysis conditions | 第53-57页 |
| 2.3.6. Change in DOC and OC contents of biochar influenced of pyrolysisconditions | 第57-58页 |
| 2.3.7. Characteristics of bio-oil | 第58-62页 |
| 2.4. Summary | 第62-63页 |
| Chapter 3-Transformation behavior of potentially toxic elements and environmentalrisks during pyrolysis of lingocellulosic biomass | 第63-100页 |
| 3.1. Introduction | 第63-66页 |
| 3.2. Experimental section | 第66-69页 |
| 3.2.1. Materials | 第66页 |
| 3.2.2. Pyrolysis experiments | 第66-67页 |
| 3.2.3. Characterization | 第67页 |
| 3.2.4. Sequential extraction for fractionation of PTEs | 第67-68页 |
| 3.2.5. Acid digestion | 第68页 |
| 3.2.6. Risk assessment | 第68-69页 |
| 3.3. Results and discussion | 第69-98页 |
| 3.3.1. Influence of operational conditions on product yield andphysicochemical characteristics | 第69-81页 |
| 3.3.2. Migration behavior of PTEs in feedstock and pyrolysis products | 第81-85页 |
| 3.3.3. Influence of operational conditions on enrichment and partitioning ofPTEs in biochar | 第85-92页 |
| 3.3.4. Ecological risk assessment | 第92-98页 |
| 3.4. Summary | 第98-100页 |
| Chapter 4-Production characteristics and stable isotope compositions of biochar:influence of operational conditions and feed-materials | 第100-128页 |
| 4.1. Introduction | 第100-101页 |
| 4.2. Experimental section | 第101-102页 |
| 4.2.1. Raw material | 第101页 |
| 4.2.2. Pyrolysis experiment and characterization | 第101-102页 |
| 4.2.3. Stable isotopes analysis | 第102页 |
| 4.3. Results and discussion | 第102-127页 |
| 4.3.1. Physicochemical charactristics and thermal degradation oflignocellulosic biomass | 第102-105页 |
| 4.3.2. Influence of pyrolysis conditions and feed-materials on biochar yieldand physico-chemical characteristics | 第105-119页 |
| 4.3.3. Influence of operational conditions and feed-materials on δ~(13)C factionsof biochar | 第119-121页 |
| 4.3.4. Influence of operational conditions and feed-materials on calciumcarbonate based δ~(13)C and δ~(18)O | 第121-123页 |
| 4.3.5. Operational conditions and feed-materials induced changes in stableCarbon isotopes (δ~(13)C) | 第123-125页 |
| 4.3.6. Relationship between δ~(13)C composition, biochar yield and TOC | 第125-127页 |
| 4.4. Summary | 第127-128页 |
| Chapter 5-Co-firing potential of pyrolyzed biomass feedstocks with coal for cleanenergy and sustainable environment | 第128-159页 |
| 5.1. Introduction | 第128-129页 |
| 5.2. Experimental section | 第129-134页 |
| 5.2.1 Collection and preparation of materials | 第129页 |
| 5.2.2. Pyrolysis of feedstock biomass materials | 第129-131页 |
| 5.2.3. Compositional, proximate and ultimate analysis | 第131页 |
| 5.2.4. Thermo-gravimetric Analysis | 第131-132页 |
| 5.2.5. Kinetic modeling | 第132-133页 |
| 5.2.6. Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) analysis | 第133-134页 |
| 5.3. Results and discussion | 第134-158页 |
| 5.3.1. Physico-chemical characteristics of coal,feedstock biomasses andbiomass derived-chars | 第134-141页 |
| 5.3.2. Energy characteristics of feed coal,biomass materials andcoal-biomass blends | 第141-142页 |
| 5.3.3. Combustion performance of coal, raw materials and coal-biocharblends | 第142-151页 |
| 5.3.4. Analysis of kinetic parameters | 第151-153页 |
| 5.3.5. Retention and distribution pattern of PTEs in bottom ash, fly ash andflue gas during co-combustion process | 第153-158页 |
| 5.4. Summary | 第158-159页 |
| Chapter 6-A novel strategy to prepare biochar-coated RBC-TiO_2@C nanocompositefor efficient removal of Cr(Ⅵ) from aqueous medium | 第159-185页 |
| 6.1. Introduction | 第159-161页 |
| 6.2. Experimental section | 第161-169页 |
| 6.2.1. Chemicals and materials | 第161-162页 |
| 6.2.2. Preparation of RBC-TiO_2@C nanocomposit | 第162-163页 |
| 6.2.3. Physico-chemical characterization methods | 第163-164页 |
| 6.2.4. Adsorption experiments | 第164页 |
| 6.2.5. Kinetic studies | 第164-168页 |
| 6.2.6. Effect of pH | 第168页 |
| 6.2.7. Thermodynamic study | 第168-169页 |
| 6.3. Results and discussion | 第169-183页 |
| 6.3.1. Synthesis and characterization of RBC-TiO_2@C nanocomposit | 第169-173页 |
| 6.3.2. Adsorption capacity and removal efficiency of RBC-TiO_2@Cnanocomposit | 第173-176页 |
| 6.3.3. Effect of initial pH on removal efficiency | 第176-178页 |
| 6.3.4. Adsorption kinetics | 第178-179页 |
| 6.3.5. Adsorption isotherm | 第179-182页 |
| 6.3.6. Thermodynamic behavior | 第182-183页 |
| 6.4. Summary | 第183-185页 |
| Chapter 7-Addition of biochar to contaminated soil mitigate health risks of potentiallytoxic elements | 第185-212页 |
| 7.1. Introduction | 第185-186页 |
| 7.2. Experimental section | 第186-194页 |
| 7.2.2. Preparation of BCN | 第186-187页 |
| 7.2.3. Collection and preparation of soil and conventional organicamendments(COAs) | 第187-189页 |
| 7.2.4. Experimental design | 第189-190页 |
| 7.2.5. Post-experiment preparation of plant and soil samples | 第190页 |
| 7.2.6. Plant and soil analysis | 第190-191页 |
| 7.2.7. Dietary exposure and health risk assessment | 第191-194页 |
| 7.2.8. Quality control and data analysis | 第194页 |
| 7.3. Results and Discussions | 第194-210页 |
| 7.3.1. Influence of BCNs on soil OC,CEC,pH and EC | 第194-197页 |
| 7.3.2. Influence of BCNs on agro-physiological characteristics | 第197-199页 |
| 7.3.3. Influence of BCNs on bioavailability of PTEs | 第199-202页 |
| 7.3.4. Influence of BCNs on accumulation of PTEs in soil-plant system | 第202-206页 |
| 7.3.5. Daily intake of PTEs and their health risks influenced by BCNs | 第206-210页 |
| 7.4. Summary | 第210-212页 |
| Chapter 8-Interactive influence of biochar on soil CO_2 flux and its potential for carbonsequestration | 第212-239页 |
| 8.1. Introduction | 第212-213页 |
| 8.2. Experimental section | 第213-220页 |
| 8.2.1. Soil,BC and BW amendments | 第213-215页 |
| 8.2.2. Incubation experiment | 第215-216页 |
| 8.2.3. Measurement of carbon mineralization and priming effects | 第216-217页 |
| 8.2.4. Pot experiment | 第217-218页 |
| 8.2.5. DOC and MBC analysis | 第218页 |
| 8.2.6. TOC,oxidizable-carbon and recalcitrant-C contents | 第218-219页 |
| 8.2.7. Statistical analysis and quality control | 第219-220页 |
| 8.3. Results | 第220-238页 |
| 8.3.1. Influence of BC and various BW-amendments on soil-cropcharacteristics and nutrient concentrations | 第220-226页 |
| 8.3.2. Total carbon mineralization/CO_2 emission and interactive primingeffects | 第226-231页 |
| 8.3.3. Dissolved organic carbon and microbial organic carbon | 第231-234页 |
| 8.3.4. C-sequestration potential | 第234-238页 |
| 8.4. Summary | 第238-239页 |
| Chapter 9-Major Conclusions and Innovations | 第239-244页 |
| 9.1 Major Conclusions | 第239-242页 |
| 9.1.1 Co-firing potential of pyrolyzed biomass feedstocks with coal forclean energy and sustainable environment | 第239-240页 |
| 9.1.2 A novel strategy to prepare biochar-coated RBC-TiO2@Cnanocomposite for efficient removal of Cr(Ⅵ) from aqueous medium | 第240-241页 |
| 9.1.3 Addition of biochar to contaminated soil mitigate health risks ofpotentially toxic elements | 第241页 |
| 9.1.4 Interactive influence of biochar on soil CO2 flux and its potential forcarbon sequestration | 第241-242页 |
| 9.2 Innovations | 第242-244页 |
| References | 第244-269页 |
| Appendix | 第269-281页 |
| List of figures | 第269-277页 |
| List of tables | 第277-281页 |
| Acknowledgements | 第281-282页 |
| The applicant profile | 第282-287页 |
| 1. The main research project during the Ph.D. degree | 第282页 |
| 2. Awards during Doctoral degree | 第282-283页 |
| 3. Research publications | 第283-287页 |
