| 摘要 | 第1-6页 |
| Abstract | 第6-11页 |
| Chapter 1 Introduction | 第11-27页 |
| ·An introduction of nanotechnology | 第11-14页 |
| ·The basic concept of nanomaterials | 第11-13页 |
| ·Properties of nanomaterials | 第13-14页 |
| ·Synthetic strategies of nanomaterials | 第14-22页 |
| ·Template-assisted synthesis | 第15-19页 |
| ·Hydrothermal and solvothermal synthesis | 第19-20页 |
| ·Microwave heating method | 第20-22页 |
| ·Characterization of nanomaterials and nanosystems | 第22-24页 |
| ·Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) | 第22-23页 |
| ·Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) | 第23页 |
| ·Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) | 第23-24页 |
| ·The chemistry of bismuth | 第24-26页 |
| ·Objective | 第26-27页 |
| Chapter 2 Microwave synthesis of bismuth sulfide nanorods | 第27-65页 |
| ·Introduction | 第27-28页 |
| ·Experimental procedures | 第28-33页 |
| ·Materials | 第28-29页 |
| ·Synthesis of Bi_2S_3 nanomaterials by refluxing method | 第29页 |
| ·Synthesis of Bi_2S_3 nanomaterials by microwave heating | 第29-30页 |
| ·Microwave synthesis of Bi_2S_3 nanomaterials in the presence of different surfactants | 第30页 |
| ·Microwave synthesis of Bi_2S_3 nanomaterials in different solvents | 第30页 |
| ·Microwave synthesis of Bi_2S_3 nanomaterials by using different bismuth and sulfur precursors | 第30-33页 |
| ·Characterization | 第33页 |
| ·Results and discussion | 第33-63页 |
| ·Effect of preparation methods and reaction time | 第33-41页 |
| ·Effect of surfactants | 第41-47页 |
| ·Effect of the solvents | 第47-56页 |
| ·Effect of precursors | 第56-62页 |
| ·Formation mechanism of the Bi_2S_3 nanorods | 第62-63页 |
| ·Conclusions | 第63-65页 |
| Chapter 3 Fabrication of three-dimensional snowflake-like bismuth sulfide nanostructures | 第65-75页 |
| ·Introduction | 第65-66页 |
| ·Experimental procedures | 第66-67页 |
| ·Materials | 第66页 |
| ·Synthesis of snowflake-like Bi_2S_3 nanostructures by refluxing method | 第66-67页 |
| ·Characterization | 第67页 |
| ·Results and discussion | 第67-74页 |
| ·Conclusions | 第74-75页 |
| Chapter 4 Microwave and solvothermal synthesis of bismuth nanospheres | 第75-97页 |
| ·Introduction | 第75-76页 |
| ·Materials and methods | 第76-79页 |
| ·Materials | 第76-77页 |
| ·Microwave synthesis of bismuth nanospheres | 第77页 |
| ·Solvothermal synthesis of uniform bismuth nanospheres | 第77-78页 |
| ·Characterizations of bismuth nanomaterials | 第78-79页 |
| ·Results | 第79-92页 |
| ·Characterization of bismuth nanospheres prepared by microwave synthesis | 第79-84页 |
| ·Characterization of bismuth nanospheres prepared by solvothermal synthesis | 第84-92页 |
| ·Discussion | 第92-96页 |
| ·Formation of bismuth nanospheres prepared by microwave synthesis | 第92-94页 |
| ·Formation of bismuth nanospheres prepared by solvothermal synthesis | 第94-96页 |
| ·Conclusions | 第96-97页 |
| Chapter 5 Conclusions | 第97-99页 |
| References | 第99-117页 |
| Publication list | 第117-119页 |
| Acknowledgement | 第119页 |
