Acknowledgments | 第4-6页 |
Abbreviations | 第6-7页 |
Abstract | 第7-9页 |
内容摘要 | 第10-12页 |
Introduction | 第12-15页 |
Chapter One Formation of Hardy's Affirmative Pessimism | 第15-22页 |
1.1 Great Changes in the Transitional Age | 第15-18页 |
1.2 Hardy's Personal Experiences | 第18-21页 |
Notes | 第21-22页 |
Chapter Two Pessimism as an Affirmative Force in Hardy's Poems | 第22-37页 |
2.1 Pessimism as an Affirmative Force in Time | 第22-25页 |
2.2 Pessimism as an Affirmative Force in Religion | 第25-30页 |
2.3 Pessimism as an Affirmative Force in Nature | 第30-36页 |
Notes | 第36-37页 |
Chapter Three The Essence of Hardy's Pessimism | 第37-49页 |
3.1 Pessimism in the Eyes of Thomas Hardy | 第37-39页 |
3.2 Pessimism as an Illustration of Meliorism and Humanism | 第39-43页 |
3.3 Pessimism as a Reflection of Reality | 第43-48页 |
Notes | 第48-49页 |
Conclusion | 第49-51页 |
Works Cited | 第51-54页 |