| Acknowledgments | 第4-6页 |
| Abbreviations | 第6-7页 |
| Abstract | 第7-9页 |
| 内容摘要 | 第10-12页 |
| Introduction | 第12-15页 |
| Chapter One Formation of Hardy's Affirmative Pessimism | 第15-22页 |
| 1.1 Great Changes in the Transitional Age | 第15-18页 |
| 1.2 Hardy's Personal Experiences | 第18-21页 |
| Notes | 第21-22页 |
| Chapter Two Pessimism as an Affirmative Force in Hardy's Poems | 第22-37页 |
| 2.1 Pessimism as an Affirmative Force in Time | 第22-25页 |
| 2.2 Pessimism as an Affirmative Force in Religion | 第25-30页 |
| 2.3 Pessimism as an Affirmative Force in Nature | 第30-36页 |
| Notes | 第36-37页 |
| Chapter Three The Essence of Hardy's Pessimism | 第37-49页 |
| 3.1 Pessimism in the Eyes of Thomas Hardy | 第37-39页 |
| 3.2 Pessimism as an Illustration of Meliorism and Humanism | 第39-43页 |
| 3.3 Pessimism as a Reflection of Reality | 第43-48页 |
| Notes | 第48-49页 |
| Conclusion | 第49-51页 |
| Works Cited | 第51-54页 |
