| ACKNOWLEDGEMENT | 第1-5页 |
| ABSTRACT | 第5-11页 |
| CHAPTER1 INTRODUCTION | 第11-22页 |
| ·Back ground | 第11页 |
| ·Literature review | 第11-19页 |
| ·Basic concept of backwater | 第11-12页 |
| ·Types of flow | 第12-14页 |
| ·Expression of backwater | 第14-16页 |
| ·Distance to point of maximum backwater | 第16-17页 |
| ·Other backwater equations | 第17-19页 |
| ·Method available | 第19-20页 |
| ·Study objects and scope | 第20-22页 |
| CHAPTER2 METHODOLOGY OF NUMEHICAL MOD(?) | 第22-46页 |
| ·Introduction to S.M.S | 第22页 |
| ·RMA-2 two dimensional model | 第22-31页 |
| ·Governing equations | 第23-24页 |
| ·Time implicit equation of King | 第24-25页 |
| ·Fully implicit time scheme | 第25-27页 |
| ·Newton-Raphson scheme for convergence | 第27-28页 |
| ·Initial condition | 第28-29页 |
| ·Boundary condition | 第29页 |
| ·Input parameter | 第29-31页 |
| ·HEC-RAS one dimensional model | 第31-46页 |
| ·Theory and background | 第31页 |
| ·HEC-RAS governing equations | 第31-38页 |
| ·Modeling bridges | 第38-46页 |
| CHAPTER3 RMA2 MODEL SIMULATION | 第46-58页 |
| ·Description of study area | 第46页 |
| ·Model description and data requirements | 第46-48页 |
| ·Mesh generation | 第46-47页 |
| ·Boundary condition | 第47页 |
| ·Input parameter | 第47页 |
| ·Model calibration and verification | 第47-48页 |
| ·Analyzing the average water surface elevation results | 第48-52页 |
| ·Analysis of the average water level's variation before construction | 第48页 |
| ·Analysis of the average water level's variation during construction | 第48-49页 |
| ·Analysis of the average water level's variation after construction | 第49-52页 |
| ·Analyzing of water surface elevations in the cross-section | 第52-54页 |
| ·Analyzing of velocity in the cross-section | 第54-55页 |
| ·Analyzing of flow field in engineering area | 第55-58页 |
| CHAPTER4 HEC MODEL SIMULATION AND COMPARATION | 第58-69页 |
| ·Model formulation | 第58-60页 |
| ·Cross sectional data | 第58页 |
| ·Manning's roughness coefficient | 第58-59页 |
| ·Contraction and expansion coefficients | 第59页 |
| ·Bridge geometries | 第59页 |
| ·Bridge modeling approach | 第59-60页 |
| ·Boundary condition data | 第60页 |
| ·Verification of the calibration result | 第60页 |
| ·Analyzing the simulation results for water surface elevation | 第60-64页 |
| ·Analysis of the water level's variation before construction | 第60-61页 |
| ·Analysis of the water level's variation during construction | 第61页 |
| ·Analysis of the water level's variation after construction | 第61-64页 |
| ·Analyzing the simulation results for velocity magnitude | 第64-66页 |
| ·Comparison of the backwater from two models | 第66-67页 |
| ·Comparison of the velocity from two models | 第67-69页 |
| CHAPTER5 CONCLUSIONS | 第69-71页 |
| ·Conclusions | 第69-70页 |
| ·Recommendations for future work | 第70-71页 |
| REFERENCES | 第71-73页 |
