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LHC/ALICE实验上质子—质子碰撞中喷注碎裂函数及碎裂函数矩的测量

摘要第6-8页
Abstract第8-9页
1 Physics Introduction第19-31页
    1.1 Theories第19-20页
        1.1.1 Standard model第19-20页
    1.2 Quantum Chromodynamics第20-22页
        1.2.1 Coupling constant α第22页
    1.3 Latice QCD and the Quark-Gluon Plasma第22-27页
        1.3.1 QCD Phase diagram第24-26页
        1.3.2 Space time evolution of a Heavy Ion Collision第26-27页
    1.4 Experimental Relativistic Heavy Ion Collision Physics第27-31页
        1.4.1 QGP evolution in A-A collisions第28页
        1.4.2 Centrality in Pb-Pb collision第28-29页
        1.4.3 Physics processes: hard and soft processes第29-31页
2 Probing the Quark Gluon Plasma with Jets第31-53页
    2.1 Jet production in binary nucleon-nucleon colli-sions第32-35页
        2.1.1 Towards jet definition第32-33页
        2.1.2 Factorization theorem第33-34页
        2.1.3 Underlying event第34-35页
    2.2 Jets in experiment第35-37页
        2.2.1 jet production cross-section第36-37页
    2.3 Jet measurements with the ALICE detector and background issues第37-53页
        2.3.1 Out-of-cone and charged-to-neutral fluctuations第37-38页
        2.3.2 Jet contamination by the collision background第38-42页
        2.3.3 The nuclear modification factor of jets and its limitations第42-45页
        2.3.4 Solution to background fluctuation effects第45-47页
        2.3.5 Jet fragmentation functions and jet fragmentation function moments第47-53页
3 The ALICE experiment at LHC and its detectors used for jet analyses第53-79页
    3.1 The Large Hadron Collider at CERN第53-63页
        3.1.1 International context and first collisions第54页
        3.1.2 The LHC machine第54-56页
        3.1.3 Experimental conditions for physics analysis第56-62页
        3.1.4 ATLAS,CMS and ALICE: three complementary experiments to study the QGP prope第62-63页
    3.2 A Large Ion Collider Experiment,ALICE第63-70页
        3.2.1 General considerations第63-65页
        3.2.2 Detectors in the central part of ALICE第65-68页
        3.2.3 Detectors at forward rapidity第68-70页
    3.3 Event and centrality selections第70-72页
        3.3.1 ZDC第71页
        3.3.2 V0 (A-B)第71-72页
    3.4 Detectors used for "charged" jet reconstruction第72-76页
        3.4.1 ITS第73-74页
        3.4.2 TPC第74-76页
    3.5 Detectors used for "full" jet reconstruction第76-79页
        3.5.1 PHOton Spectrometer, PHOS第77页
        3.5.2 EMCal and DCal第77-79页
4 The "Di-jet Calorimeter", DCal, and its Geometry Implementation in AliRoot第79-127页
    4.1 Electromagnetic calorimeter basic principles第80-84页
        4.1.1 Interaction and shower development第80-82页
        4.1.2 General features of the produced shower第82-83页
        4.1.3 Energy resolution第83-84页
    4.2 The ALICE electromagnetic calorimeter EMCal第84-93页
        4.2.1 EMCAL general principle of measurement第84页
        4.2.2 Technology and properties第84-85页
        4.2.3 Mechanical structure of EMCal第85-89页
        4.2.4 Electronic readout, typical response and triggering第89-91页
        4.2.5 Resolutions and detector response第91-93页
    4.3 EMCal in AliRoot第93-101页
        4.3.1 Generalities about the EMCal geometry implementation in AliRoot第94-99页
        4.3.2 Modifications implemented in the EMCal geometry code第99-101页
    4.4 The DCal calorimeter and its geometries第101-102页
    4.5 DCal geometry implementation in AliRoot第102-113页
        4.5.1 Strategy followed implementing the DCal geometry第102-104页
        4.5.2 Detailed structure of a DCal SM第104-105页
        4.5.3 Definitions of 3 new geometries of the system EMCal/DCal in AliRoot第105-109页
        4.5.4 Indexes, positions and TRU mapping第109-113页
    4.6 Validation tests of the DCal geometry第113-127页
        4.6.1 Simulation and reconstruction tests第114-118页
        4.6.2 Test of the inner edge effect on the clusterization第118-120页
        4.6.3 Energy resolution test第120-123页
        4.6.4 EMCal reconstruction test第123-127页
5 Running conditions and quality check of the data第127-139页
    5.1 Software packages and tools for analysis第127-130页
        5.1.1 Software packages and firmwares used for this thesis第127-130页
        5.1.2 The ALICE Analysis framework第130页
    5.2 Data selection and analysis cuts第130-134页
        5.2.1 Selection criteria of the good events第131-132页
        5.2.2 Selection criteria of the tracks第132-133页
        5.2.3 Jets selection第133-134页
    5.3 Quality Assurance (QA) for the runs第134-135页
    5.4 Monte-Carlo Simulation第135-139页
        5.4.1 Monte-Carlo QA第135-139页
6 Jet fragmentation and intra-jet radiation analyses第139-171页
    6.1 Analysis strategy第139-147页
        6.1.1 Generalities第139-140页
        6.1.2 Milestone, methods and options of the analysis第140-142页
        6.1.3 Raw spectra第142-144页
        6.1.4 Treatment of the background第144-147页
    6.2 Validation of the simulation for a Monte-Carlo based correction第147页
    6.3 Corrections第147-159页
        6.3.1 The '2-steps' correction method第149-157页
        6.3.2 The'1-step' correction method第157-159页
    6.4 Systematic errors第159-160页
    6.5 Results and discussion第160-171页
        6.5.1 Constituents in jets第160-164页
        6.5.2 Dependence with the jet第164-166页
        6.5.3 Dependence with the jet resolution parameter R第166-167页
        6.5.4 Comparison to the simulation第167-169页
        6.5.5 Jet llimation第169-171页
7 Analysis of the Fragmentation Function Moments of jets第171-189页
    7.1 Measurement of the FFM: analysis steps第171-175页
        7.1.1 Calculation of the fragmentation function moments第171-172页
        7.1.2 Tuning of the scaling power第172-175页
    7.2 Raw results of fragmentation function moments第175-176页
    7.3 The background subtraction procedure第176-178页
    7.4 MC validation第178-179页
    7.5 Corrections第179-180页
        7.5.1 Bin-by-bin correction第180页
        7.5.2 Contamination by the secondaries第180页
    7.6 Systematic Errors第180-181页
    7.7 Corrected Results and discussion第181-189页
        7.7.1 Dependence with jet pr第182-183页
        7.7.2 Dependence with the jet resolution parameter R第183-189页
Summary第189-193页
Bibliography第193-197页
Publications第197-199页
Acknowledgement第199页

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